S T R U C T U R E O F
G R O U P M E A N I N G I N
E N G L I S H
L E A R N I N G ( 英语学习中意群的构
建 )
（一）意群的构建在单项选择
题中
意群指的是在英语交际中表达一个词组
、一个句子或一个段落的完整的意义。意
群对于学生在学习语言的过程中理解句子
和段落大意以及文章中心思想都有很重要
的作用。在意群构建学习中，如下几点是
关键：a. 构 建 意 群 的 整 体 性
(completion) 各个意群是一个有机的整
体，在意义上不能把它们分割开来。如：Jenny is pleasant to _____ .
A. say B. speak C. talk D. talk to
答案 D，强调了整体性，因为意群 talk to
sb. 与前面的 Jenny 有关。又如
D
------ Whom would you rather _____with
you, Mary or June?
------ ________.
A.go,Neither B. have go, Either C.have
gone, Either D. have to go , Both
答案 B，强调了意群是 have sb. do
sth. ,与前面的 whom 有构成整体的
关系。
B
b. 重 视 意 群 的 分 裂 性
(separation) 。即把一个意群的整体分
裂开来。如：
John plays the piano ______ , if not better
than, David.
A.as well B. as well as
C. so well D.so well as答案 B，说明意群的整体是， John plays the piano as well as
David,只是中间插了一个状语 not
better than (=if he doesn’t play it better
than David.)把意群的整体分裂开
来。
B
又如：
The fellow in rags, _____ nobody
seemed to say anything ,tried to
explain that he was not a beggar.
A. to whom B. about whom
C. who D. whom
答案 A，说明 The fellow in rags
tried to explain … ，是意群的整体
,只是中间夹了一个非限制性定
语从句。如果不注意意群的构
建的话，就会很容易误选 B答
案。
A
C.关注意群的位移
(displacement)这种现象经常出现在
倒装句 . 感叹句和疑问句中，如：
Not until all the fish in the river
died ____ how serious the
pollution was.
A. did the people realize
B. the people realized
C. the villagers did realized
D. didn’t the villagers realized
A
答案 A。这是个否定词位移的倒装
句，原本的意群是 not … until … ,
即 People didn’t realize how serious the
pollution was until all the fish in the river
died .又如：
How happy the children are ____ each
other again.
A. see B. to see C. saw D. seen
答案 B，表明原本的意群是
B
The children are happy to see each
other. 只是在感叹句中把 happy
作为被强调部分调到前面去了。
d. 把 握 意 群 的 省 略
(omission) 。即把意群中的某个
部分省去，意义还是完整的如：
I didn’t noticed it until _____ .A. it is too B. being too late
C. too late D. be too late
答案 C，表明完整的意群是
C
until it was too late. 又如：
You can have another two days’
leave, if / when necessary.
很明显 if /when necessary 的完整
意群是 if / when it is necessary.e.留意标点符号 (punctuation
marks)如逗号，分号；等 :1.John went up to the boy , patting him on
the shoulder , and ___ him away.B
A. taking B. took C. to take D. take
2.Last Sunday,I met Marry, ______ was my
friend.
3.Last Sunday, I met Marry ; _____ was
my friend .
4.Last Sunday, I met Marry , and ____ was
my friend.
A. who B.she C.her D. whom
A
B
B
Exercises
1.Those plastic flowers look so ____that
many people think they are real.
.A.similar B.nice C.natural D.beautiful
2. ---Tom,you are so lazy.This job ought
to have been finished hours ago.
---Sorry,I know it _____.
A. Should have done B.must have been
C.ought to be D. should have been
c
D
3. When the country calls you for help,
you ____.
A.can’t go B.should not but go C.can’t
help but go D. can’t but go
4.---Is the house at the end of the street
still for sale?
---No, it ___.
A. was sold B.has sold C.had sold
D.has been sold
D
D
5. Mary tried hard to find a job but
she had no ___.
A.trouble B. luck C. time D. chance
6.--- Do you enjoy these two novels?
--- I should if ____ of them were
written lively.
A. either B. each C. every D. all
A
B
7. They ____ 100,000 dollars for the old
house.And now they ‘ve bought a new
one.
8. The old houses were too expensive. I
only ____ him 10,000 for each.
A.spent B.sold C.took D.paid
9.He ____ the bus (train , plane) until it
disappeared in the distance.
A.saw B.watched C. noticed D.observed
C
D
B
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