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Unit5 Why do you that？ Lesson17 【目标与要求】 一、交际用语 1）Do you have to feed plants like you feedchickens？ 2）Like me！ 二、单词和词组 1）sow 2）shade 3）burn 4）in the earth 5）feed 6）in fact 三、句型 1）I’ll keep the box in the shade so that the sun doesn’t burn the little plants． 2）I’ll water them to stop the soil getting too dry． 3）It’ll make the cabbage plants grow big and strong． 【讲解设计】 一、交际用语 1．Do you have to feed plants like you feed chicken？ 这里 like用作连词，意思是“如同”，“好像”，引导方式状语从句，like 多用于口语中，书面语多用 as。例如： Do like／as I say． I failed like／as you had expected． 就像你曾预料的，我失败了。 2．Like me！ 这里 like用作介词，意思是“像，像……一 样”，后面可接名词或代词。例如： I’ve got a new bicycle like yours． He just looks like his mother． 二、单词和词组 1． sow v． sow（sowed，sown／sowed）意思为“播（种）”。例如： The seeds should be sown in April，that’sthe best time to sow． 2．burn v． burnt（burnt/burned）通常意思为“燃烧，烧毁，发光”等等，在本课 burn the little plants词组中，burn意思为“把……晒枯／干、晒伤”。 例如： Is the fire still burning？ I burnt all the old letters． The light is still burning in the window． The sun will burn the flowers． He was burnt by the sun． 3． in the earth earth这里意思为“泥土”。本课出现的 earth，soil和 ground三个词意思相 近，都作“土，土壤”解，可以通用。例如： When the plants are in the ground， I’ll putsome powder on the soil． The rain sinks into the earth/soil． 除此之外，earth，soil和 ground也有不同。 earth还可作“地球，大地”解，如 on the earth （在地球上）等；ground还 可作“地面，场地”解，如 on the ground（在地上），sports ground（运动场） 等。 4．feed v． feed（fed，fed）意思为“喂养，饲养，给……提供食物”，常与介词 on 连用，可以说 feed sb． on sth．或 feed sth．to sb．。例如： We feed our dog on fresh meat every day． Feed some milk to the baby．She must be hungry． 5． in fact in fact意思为“实际上，事实上”，常用来进一步强调或说明所讲的话。例 如： He doesn’t mind．In fact，he is very pleased．他并不介意，事实上他非常 满意。 She doesn’t have a car．In fact，she can’tdrive，either． 三、句型 1．I’ ll keep the box in the shade so that thesun doesn’t burn the little plants． so that用法详解请参阅本单元 Lessons 18＆19 【讲解设计】的句型部分。 2．I’ ll water them to stop the soil getting toodry． stop…（from）doing…这里意思为“阻止/阻拦……做某事”，其中 from可 以省略。例如： The policeman stopped the fight in time． How can we stop the sun（from）burning the plants？我们怎么样才能使植物 不被太阳晒枯呢？ 3．It’ ll make the cabbage plants grow big and strong． make… do sth．意思为“使……做某事”， 其中make后面的不定式短语要省 to，但是变为被动结构时，不定式短语要 带 to，即 be made to do sth．。例如： Mr．Chen made me do this experiment again． The workers were made to work all day and all night in the past． 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、根据单词首字母填空 1．Mother is s____grass seeds in the garden． 2．Keep the children in the s____，it’s cool． 3．What do you f____your cat on？ 4．The forest fire b____half the trees． 5．Please fold（折叠）the paper l____I showed you． 6．Nothing could s____them watching the football match． 7．I don’t like him．In f____I hate him． 8．He filled the pot（花盆）with e____and planted a rose in it． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 二、下面是播种步骤，请填上所缺单词，并排列其顺序 a．P____ the plants in rows in the field． b．K____the box in the shade． c．C____the seed with soil． d．F____the plants with some powder． e．S____the seed in the soil． f．P____some soil in the box． g．M____the plants grow big and strong． h．W____the plants． 步骤： 1．_____ 2．_____ 3．_____ 4．_____ 5．_____ 6．_____ 7．_____ 8．_____ 005 Lessons18＆19 【目标与要求】 一、单词与词组 1） in the past 2）grow 3）a few of them 4）the rest 5）fetch 6）carry away 7）down 8）cut down 9） twice a year 10）90％（of…） 11）a forest programme 12）operate 13）knock down 14）obey／break the rule 15）punish 16）in or around 二、句型 1）Water the plants to make them grow． 2）Meeting are held in order to explain theprogramme to the villagers． 3）Put the little plants in the shade so that thesun won’t burn them． 三、语法 复习被动语态的用法。 【讲解设计】 一、篇章结构 1．中心思想 In Tangsa，a small village in northern India，there used to be no trees in or around thevillage．Later，people realized the importance ofthe forest．Women began to plant trees and takegood care of them．Now the forest has grownlarger and better． 2．段落大意 The whole text can be divided into threeparts． Part 1（para．1）Love the forest． Part2（para．2－3）Ignore the forest in thepast． Part3（para．4－5）Plant and protect theforest now． 二、单词与词组 1．grow grow（grew，grown）作及物动词用时，意思为“种植”；作不及物动词用 时，意思为“生长”；作系动词用时，意思为“变得”。例如： We grow vegetables in our garden． Oranges grow in Spain． 2．a few of… a few of…相当于 some of…，意思为“……中一些人”，具有肯定含义。而 few of…则相当于 almost none of…，意思为“……中几乎没有人”，具有否定 含义。二者后面均接可数名词的复数。例如： I know a few of my brother’s friends． I know few of my brother’s friends．我几乎不认识我哥哥的朋友。 3．the rest the rest表示“剩下（的部分），其余（的部分）”，作主语时，谓语动词 用单数还是复数，取决于它所指代的词。若它所指代的是复数名词，谓语动词用 复数；若它所指代的是不可数名词或单数名词，谓语动词则用单数。例如： I only borrowed some of the books and therest are still there． I need only a little orange；the rest is foryou． He took one part of the cake and the restwas for his brother． 4．fetch fetch意思是“去拿来，去取来”，表示有目的地去取或拿某物。注意 fetch 和 bring，take，carry的区别。bring意思是“拿来，带来”，take意思是“拿走， 带走”；carry是“携带”，无方向性。例如： Robert，fetch me some chalk from the office，please． Bring your new story－book to school whenyou come to school tomorrow． Remember to take your umbrella home when you leave school． I always forget to carry my wallet with me． 5．carry away 本课中 carry away意思为“冲走”（=washaway），它还有“运走，拿走” 的意思。例如： He carried away his luggage in my bedroom． The trucks will carry the apples away to themarket． 6．down prep． down作介词时，意为“沿着，顺着”（＝along）。例如： Walk down the street and take the firstturning on your left． They swam down the river． 7．90％（of…） 90％读作 ninety percent。percent意思为“百分之……”，通常用单数形式， 后面常接介词 of。例如： Over 95％ of boys are interested in computer games． 8．twice a year twice a year，表示“一年两次”，once a year表示“一年一次”，三次或三 次以上用 times，如 three times a year（一年三次），four times a year（一年四 次）等。 9．knock down 1）knock本意为“敲打，撞击”，knock down意思为“撞倒，打倒”。例 如： He knocked down a child when he hurriedoff． The cow knocked the tree down． 2）英语中V．＋Adv．结构中（如 knock down等），如果宾语是名词，则 名词既可置于Adv．前，也可置于Adv．后；如果宾语是人称代词，则一定要 置于Adv．前。常用于此结构的副词还有 on，away，up，off等。例如： The meat smells terrible．Throw it away． It’s warm and you can take off your coat． 10．rule 词意为“规则，章程”，常跟动词搭配。例如： obey／ keep the rule 遵守规则 break the rule 违反规则 work out the rule制定规则 carry out the rule执行规则 11．punish v． punish意思为“惩罚，处罚”，常接介词 for，表示“因为……而受到处 罚”。punish的名词形式是 punishment，通常用作不可数名词。例如： Mother punished him for his careless homework． It’s not your fault；stop punishing yourself． 三、句型 英语中，我们可以用 to，in order to或 so that来表示目的。区别是：to，in order to和以前学过的 so as to引导的是目的状语短语，构成简单句。例如： He got up early to／in order to／so as to catchthe first bus． To/In order to get back his ball，the boysaid sorry to the old man for breaking hiswindow． （注意：so as to不能置于句首） so that引导目的是状语从句，构成复合句，并且从句中谓语动词常与 can（could），may（might）等情态动词连用。例如： He got up early so that he could catch thefirst bus． They are studying hard so that they will／may pass the final examination． to，in order to，so as to和 so that引导的目的状语，在下列情况中替换如下： 1）主、从句主语一致。例如： He listened carefully so that he could followthe teacher． →He listened carefully to follow the teacher． 2）主、从句主语不一致。例如： He stopped so that the students could writedown the words on the blackboard． →He stopped for the students to writedown the words on the blackboard． 四、语法 一般现在时和带有情态动词的被动语态 am／is／are＋done 情态动词+be done 例如： The programme is operated by women． A few of them can be cut down each year． 本课中出现了一般过去时的被动语态结构 was／were＋done。 例如： Tree were cut down but none were planted． Thousands of houses were carried away by the flood． 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、单词辨音 A：一种读音 B：二种读音 C：三种读音 D：四 种读音 A．firewood B．soon C．noodle D．blood A．hope B．wrong C．worry D．of A．powder B．cow C．slow D．throw A．revision B．sure C．seed D．result A．chimney B．headache C．each D．machine 二、单词拼写 1．In my class nearly 55____（百分之……）of students are girls． 2．No one know him there． He’s a____（陌生人）． 3．We can’t understand the old man’s____（目的）． 4．I think most teachers feel like____（惩罚）the students． 5．The secretary hurried back to the office to____（取） his report． 6．People who were against the____（计划）of the building put up their hands． 7．What a wonderful sight！The trees are growing____（茂密地）all over the hills． 8．The trees can be cut but more must be____（种植）． 9．In fact every student must____（遵守） the library rules． 10．In summer，the little children like____（游泳） in the river． 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The farmers are busy____ the seeds in the field．（sow） 2．No one who makes a mistake could be free from____．（punish） 3．Don’t stand in the sun at noon in summer because your skin would get____．（burn） 4．Why not____ the text you’ve learned today？（revision） 5．When does the project come into____？（operate） 四、选择填空 1．Trees are growing well____ the village． A．around in B．in around C．in and around D．around in 2．The poor workers were made____ all day and all night． A．to work B．work C．working D．worked 3．Three students in ten went to the railway station to do some cleaning and____left to clean theclassroom． A．the rest are B．the rest is C．the other are D．the other is 4．A lot must be done to stop people____the trees． A．to cut B．cut C．cutting D．from cuting 5．The teacher asked Bill to____some chalk for him． A．take B．carry C．bring D．fetch 6．He walked so slowly behind that we had to stop____ for him． A．to wait B．waiting C．wait D．from waiting 7．____get the ticket to the concert，he got up early to queue at the gate of the theatre． A．So as to B．In order to C．So that D．Such that 8．He explained____the teacher the resons for being late． A．to B．／ C．for D．about 9．This book is____ more exciting than that one． A．much B．so C．many D．very 10． An old man was____ by a truck and sent to the hospital immediately． A．knocked B．knocked down C．knocked up D．knocked at 五、句型转换 1．I took a taxi to the airport to the 8：30 plane． ____ ____ ____ ____the 8：30 plane，I took a taxi to the airport． I took a taxi to the airport___ ____I____ ____ the 8：30 plane． 2．I’ll eat less so that I can get thinner． I’ll eat less____ _____thinner． 3． People are not allowed to park the car here． People are stopped ____ _____the car here． 4．We used to make wood or cloth into paper． Paper used to_____ ____ ____ wood or cloth． 5．The lecture was boring so that he didn’t go on listening to the end． The lecture was____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ on listening to the end． 六、完成句子 1．那位教授指出，山上种满了树，因而泥土不会被雨水冲走了。 The professor pointed out that the trees____ ____ on the hills____ ____ thesoil would not ____ ____ ____by rain． 2．他们已经作了一些规定，阻止人们在公共场合吸烟，任何违反的人将受 到惩罚。 They have____ ____ ____ to____ people____ ____ in public． Anyone who____ ____ ____ will be punished． 3．他的报告中毫无有趣的东西。 There’s____ ____in his talk． 4．你经常用什么来喂猫？ What do you usually____your cat____？ 5．农民们忙于在地里播种。 The farmers are busy____ ____ in the fields． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 七、完形填空 Dick was born in a poor family．His father had a small boat and went fishing in the morning andsold the fish in the market in the afternoon．Then he bought some food for his family．When wintercame，they were often hungry．One morning the hungry man fell into the river and wasn’t found．Dick’s mother left her three－ year-old son without saying good－bye．His aunt had to look after him． Twenty years passed．Dick became a tall， strong man．He found work on a farm．He workedhard and wanted to get more money．He often went to see his aunt with some nice presents．Thewoman was very happy but one day she died in a traffic accident．The young man was very sad．Afterhe buried（埋葬）her，he decided to buy a beautiful tombstone（墓碑）for her．He went to town andcame into shop，but all the tombstones were too dear．He asked，”Do you sell an old tombstones，sir？”“Yes， we do，sir，”answered the shopkeeper． ’Is it as dear as the new one？” “No， it’s much cheaper，said the man．”But another name was engraved（刻） on it．” “It doesn’t matter，”said Dick．”My aunt couldn’t read． 1．Dick’s father was a____． A．worker B．farmer C．driver D．fisherman 2．As____，the family were hungry． A．Dick’s father could catch no fish in winter． B．Dick’s father was often ill in winter． C．Dick’s father had to look after him in winter． D．no food was sold in winter． 3．Dick’s aunt had to look after Dick because____． A．She had no children B．his father died C．nobody else could help Dick D．she was rich 4．Dick worked hard to____． A．get more money B．buy his aunt presents C．buy a farm D．build a house 5．Dick wanted to buy an old tombstone because____． A．he hadn’t enough money to buy a new one． B．his aunt couldn’t know whose name was engraved on it． C．his aunt wouldn’t mind it． D．nobody knew what his aunt’s name was． 005 Lesson20 【目标与要求】 一、听力 Dick and Becky 二、看图写作 如何种植西红柿。 【讲解设计】 一、听力 1．阅读题头说明，了解听力材料的背景、知识。 2．仔细阅读题目，认真听录音，特别注意和农场相关的人物和地点，搞清 他们之间的关系。 二、看图写作 看图写作首先要仔细看清每幅图，搞清它们先后的顺序，然后列出一些和 图相关的词和句型，最后可以参阅 Lesson17的对话“如何种植白菜”的写法， 开始动笔写如何种植西红柿。例文如下： Instruction for growing tomatoes： 1）Put some soil in the box，Sow the seed，then cover it with move soil． 2） Keep the box from the sun and the rain． 3）Tie the sticks to the young plants． 4） Water the plants every day． 5）Pick the fruit when it’s ripe． 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、听录音，填写所缺单词 ____there was a king．He liked to write stories．He____his stories were good，so heliked to____them to people．As people were____of the king，they all said his stories weregood． One day，the king showed some of his ____stories to a writer．He wanted the writer to saygood to the stories．But the writer said the stories were bad and he should____them into fire．The king got very angry and sent him to____． Five years later，the king showed his new stories to the writer．After____them，the writer____to the soldier．He said，“____me back to the prison，please．” 二、写一篇种植玫瑰花的说明书 步骤为： 1）准备花盆（flowerpot）； 2）放进土壤； 3）播种； 4）浇水； 5）施肥； 6）杀虫（insect）； 7）长成。 要求： 1）注意种植顺序不可写颠倒。 2）不能漏写所列内容。 3）不超过100个单词。