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Unit 5 Charlie Chaplin 一、教学目标与要求 通过本单元教学，学生了解卓别林一生的概况。学生用自己组织的语言，介 绍卓别林的主要作品及演艺风格，以及他在不同时期一些重要的活动；通过对 话课的学习与操练，使学生进一步掌握英语中有关表示打算和意愿的用语；学 习非限制性定语从句，并能初步运用该语言现象表达较为复杂的交际内容；正 确完成练习册安排的练习。 二、教学重点与难点 1．重点词汇 direct；act；intend；uncertain；appearance；search；excite； honor；prac-tise；set off；after a short while；bring up；add… to；be uncertain about；in one’s search for；as if；in a hurry；recognize as 2．重要句型 1）The timing is very important，not only for the movements but also for the lines of the dialogue．2）As early as his second film，Chaplin had developed his own man-ner of acting，the one that was to become world- famous．3）The development of films with sound became a problem for Chaplin，as he was uncertain about making films with dialogue．4）He makes it seem as if this is one of the most delicious meals that he has ever enjoyed． 3．语法 复习非限制性定语从句（Revise the Non-restrictive Attributive Clause） 1）Charlie Chaplin，who died in 1977，was one of the world’s greatest actors．2）Chaplin acted in 82 films，many of which he wrote and directed himself．3）One of his most famous films is“The Gold Rush”，which was made in 1925．4）Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland，where he was buried in 1977． 4．日常交际用语 打算和意愿（Intentions and wishes）1）What do you plan to do next？2）We intend to put it on next January．3）I hope it will be very successful．4）It will certainly be very funny！ 三、课型 （一）对话课 Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．教师可通过以下提问导入正课：Suppose here we have a director of a play，and you want to ask him some questions．Now tell me what kind of questions you would like to ask． 启发学生从不同角度提出一些问题。 OK，very good．Just now you asked some interesting questions．Now we’ll listen to a dialogue between a journalist and a director of a play． 2．准备放对话录音，用投影仪打出听前提问：1）What does the director do？2）What’s his plan for future？ 放录音一至两遍，请一位同学回答上述问题 Key：1）The director directs plays．2）He has decided to put on a comedy next January． 3．再放录音，学生跟读一至两遍。 根据本课对话内容，教师再提出一些问题，检查学生的理解程度。 1）What does a director do at the very beginning？2）How long do they usually spend practising the play？3）What kind of plays does the director love very much？ 4）According to the director，what is very important？Why？ Key：1）At the very beginning the director chooses a play and actors．2）They usually spend several weeks doing their practice．3）The director loves comedies very much．4）The timing is very important．It’s not only for the movements but also for the lines of the dia-logue． 4．学生两个人一组，练习对话五至七分钟。教师请几组同学到前面表演。 5．组织学生两个人一组，练习Oral practice所提供的问答练习。教师可请几 组同学进行问答表演。 6．要求学生根据对话内容，描述话剧导演的工作： 1）choose：plays，actors and actresses 2）practise：where to stand/move； entrances and exits；the actors and actresses；timing 3）put it on in a theatre 数分钟后，请同学进行描述，教师予以讲评。 7．教师指导学生归纳本课中所出现的有关表示打算和意愿（Intentions and wishes）的常用语句（见日常交际用语部分）。要求学生能熟练掌握这些语句， 并在日常生活中加以运用。 8．布置作业 1）预习第 18课；2）完成练习册中所安排的练习。 （二）阅读理解课（Ⅰ） Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．检查生词及短语。 2．教师向学生提出以下问题，引入本课内容：1）Do you like seeing films？2）Have you ever seen films acted by Charlie Chaplin？3）Can you tell me some of the films made by him？（Modern Times；City Lights；The Gold Rush）Now we’ll go over the text and you’ll learn more about this famous man． 教师给出读前提问：1）When and where was Charlie Chaplin born？2）How many films did he make between 1940 and 1966？ 教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文（默读），之后请同学回答上 述问题。 Key：1）He was born in London in 1889．2）He made only six films between 1940 and 1966． 3．放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。教师就课文内容提问，检查学生的理 解程度（可参阅练习册所安排的问题）。 4．教师用投影仪打出以下 statements，要求学生判断其正误，并对错误的 statements进行修改。 1）Charlie Chaplin is considered as the greatest actor in the history of the cinema．2）He not only acted in films but wrote and directed films as well．3）Altogether he wrote，directed and acted in 69 films during his lifetime．4）He first acted when he was five years old．5）Charlie Chaplin was given his first film part in the States during his second trip to the USA in 1912．6）He always worn a small black hat，very wide trousers，a moustache and carried a stick that he swung in the air as he walked．7）Chaplin wrote music for his films“Modern Times”and“The Gold Rush”．8）His early films were silent because he was uncertain about making films with dialogues．9）Not all Chaplin’s later films are popular today． K6y：1）False．（He is considered as one of the greatest and funniest actors in the history of the cinema．）2）True．3）False．（During his lifetime，he wrote，directed and acted in 82films．）4）True．5）True．6）False．（That was his own manner of acting in films，surely not in his real life．）7）True．8）False．（His early films were silent because the equipment for adding sound to films had not yet been developed．）9）True． 5．教师要求学生反复阅读第三自然段，然后组织学生用自己的语言描述卓 别林大师的表演风格，要求学生尽量连贯地讲述。 6．布置作业 1）复述课文，重点描述卓别林大师的表演风格；2）完成练 习册中所安排的练习。 阅读理解课（Ⅱ） Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．检查学生课文朗读和复述。 2．准备阅读课文第二部分。教师给出读前提问：1）When was the film“The Gold Rush”made？2）Why did thousands of people rush to California in the middle of the nine-teenth century？ 教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文，之后请同学回答上述问题。 Key：1）The film was made in the year 1925．2）Thousands of people rushed to Cali-fornia in the middle of the nineteenth century to look for gold． 3．放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。教师就课文内容提问，检查学生的理 解程度： 1）Where was the film set？2）How would those people find gold in California？3）Is there any saying about what happened in California at that time？ 4）What happens to Chaplin and his friend in the film？5）What do they have to eat？ Key：1）The film was set in California．2）They said that gold could easily be picked up by washing sand from the river in a pan of water．3）What people did at that time was known as“the gold rush”and“panning for gold”．4）They are caught on the edge of a mountain in a snowstorm in a small wooden house and they have nothing to eat．5）They have to cook a pair of shoes and eat the shoes． 4．课堂讨论：Do you think that Charlie Chaplin used the“pan”in a very clever way in the film？Please explain． Hints：1）People at that time used the pan to pick up gold．2）They washed sand from the river in a pan of water．3）It was known as“panning for gold”．4）Charlie Chaplin and his friend used the pan to cook．5）They boiled a pair of shoes in a pan of water instead of “panning for gold”．Tell your students the following word：satire． 5．教师用投影仪打出以下问题，要求学生通过对问题的回答以及将答案归 纳，组成一篇介绍卓别林的短文。 Questions： 1）What is Charlie Chaplin considered to be？2）In his lifetime，how many films did he act in？3）When did he begin to act on the stage？4）When did he begin to act in a film？5）Did he have his own way of acting？6）What was he like in the film？7）Did he begin to write and direct films later？8）What kind of films were Chaplin’s earliest films？9）Are his films still popular today？10）For what reason was Chaplin honoured in many ways？ Model： Charlie Chaplin is considered as one of the greatest and funniest actors in the history of the cinema．In his lifetime，he acted in 82 films．At the age of five，he began to act on the stage．He got his first film part in the States in 1912．He had his own way of acting．In his film，he wore a small black hat，very wide trousers，a moustache and carried a stick．Later，he began to write and direct films himself．Chaplin’s earliest films were silent films．Some of his films are still popular today．Chaplin was honoured in many ways for his contributions to the film industry． 6．布置作业 1）根据两篇课文内容，介绍卓别林大师一生概况；2）完成 练习册中所安排的练习。 （三）语言训练课 Ⅰ．教具 投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．教师检查课文复述。 2．教师从本单元词语中选择部分常用词语，配以例句介绍给学生。要求学 生反复练习这些例句，并视学生情况，请同学造句，教师予以订正。 词语： 1）intend She intended to catch the first train，but she didn’t get up early enough． I intended to have called on you，but suddenly I remembered that I still had some maths problems to work out． 2）honour Einstein was honoured by the world for his work in science． We’re greatly honoured to have you in our house for dinner tonight． 3）set off They have set off on a trip to Canada． The cars set off in a cloud of dust． The discovery of gold in California set off a rush to get there． 4）bring up Tom’s mother died when he was two years old and his grandmother brought him up． He brought up a wonderful idea． A lot of questions were brought up before the decision was made． 5）in search for The policemen went out in search for the missing child． 6）be uncertain about We were uncertain about the way to the station． He was uncertain about his future． 7）as if/though I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday． She closed her eyes as though she too were tired． You look as if you didn’t care． 8）recognize…as I recognized the handwriting as that of my father． Mr．Wang is recognized as one of the most experienced teachers in our school． 9）practise The girl has to practise playing the piano several hours a day． John is practising medicine now and is considered the best doctor in town． 3．书面表达练习 Say something about the life of Charlie Chaplin： （斜体部分为参考答案，可不向学生展示） 第一步，学生根据所列出的年代，填写相关内容；第二步，根据填写内容， 组织一篇短文。 七八分钟后，请同学朗读自己的短文，教师予以讲评。 4．课堂讨论：1）Why do you think the development of film with sound became a prob-lem for Chaplin？2） What do you think Chaplin wants to tell people by boiling a pair of shoes and eating the shoes，enjoying every mouthful in the film“The Gold Rush”？ 请同学在班上交流，教师予以补充、讲评。教师不必限制答案，目的在于启 发学生敢说，敢于发表自己的意见。 5．布置作业 1）预习第 6单元；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。 四、难句分析 1．The timing is very important， not only for the movement but also for the lines of the dialogue．时间的安排很重要，这不仅对于剧情的变化，而且对于对 白中的台词都是如此。 timing意为：时间的选择，时机的掌握。例如： A good actor must learn the art of timing．要想当个好演员就要学会掌握道白 的时间分寸。 lines在本句中意为：台词，这时常用复数形式。例如： The leading actor has not sure of his lines．男主的对台词还没有把握。 not only… but also意为：不仅……而且。在句中连接两个相同的成分。例如 1）Not only the students but also the teachers are interested in this book．不仅 学生们，而且老师们也对这本书很感兴趣。（连接两个主语） 2）He not only read the book，but also remembered what he read．他不仅读 过这本书，还记得内容。（连接两个谓语） 在本单元对话的这个句子中， not only… but also连接两个介词短语。 2．As early as his second film， Chaplin had developed his own manner of acting，the one that was to become world-famous．早在他演第二部电影时，卓别 林就已经形成了他自己表演的风格，这就是他后来闻名于世的那种表演风格。 as…as意为：像……一样。常引起一个比较状语从句。例如： 1）They work as hard as you do．他们工作得和你们一样努力。 2）I hate him as much as you do．我同你一样恨他。 而本句中的As early as his second film…则相当于一个时间状语从句，可以 理解为：As early as he played his second film。再如： 1）She played the part as early as 1950．她早在 1950年就演过这个角色。 2）I went to that place as early as twenty years ago．我早在 20年前就去过那 个地方。 the one是不定代词，在句中作同位语，指代前面的 his own manner of acting。 that was to become world-famous是宾语从句，修饰 the one。其中was to become是“be＋to do”结构，这种给构常用于正式语，表示“按安排将要”或 “注定将会”的意思。例如： 1）I was told that the medical conference was to be held the following week． 我被告知这个医务工作会议将要在下周召开。 2） All these things are to be answered for．所有这一切都是要偿还的。 3．Even his way of walking down the street and turning a corner could be recognized as his own．甚至他在街上走路和在拐角处转弯的那种姿态，都可以 认为是他独有的。 本句中主语很长，即 his way of walking down the street and turning a corner。 但中心词是way，意为：方式，办法。当way一词作“方式，办法”解时，后面 可接 of+动名词结构、动词不定式及从句等。例如： 1） We’ve got to think out a way to explain it．我们得想出个方式来解释这 件事。（way 后面接动词不定式） 2） There was only one way of doing this properly．只有一种办法能把这事做 好。（way 后面接 of+动名词短语） 3） We admired him for the way in which he faces his difficulties．我们佩服他 面对困难所采取的方式。 4）I don’t like the way that you laugh at her．我不喜欢你嘲笑她的那种方式。 （以上两句中，way后面接从句） recognize it意为：认出，看出，常用于 recognize as短语中。例如： I recognized the handwriting as that of my father．我认出了这是我父亲的手笔。 John is recognized as the best football player in the school．人们都认为约翰是 学校里最棒的足球运动员。 4．During his first year， Chaplin acted in 35 films， many of which he wrote and directed himself．在第一年里，卓别林上演了 35部电影，其中有许多电影是 他自己编导的。 这是一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句，Chaplin acted in 35 films是主句； many of which he wrote and directed himself是从句，which是关系代词，指代上 文中的 35 films；同时又在从句中作介词 of的宾语。During his first year是全句的 时间状语。全句可以理解为：Druing his first year，Chaplin acted in 35 films，and he himself wrote and directed many of them． 非限制性定语从句通常只对它所修饰的词作进一步解释说明，这类从句和 主句常用逗号隔开，在翻译为汉语时，可将从句译成一个并列的句子（见该句 译文）。在理解这类从句时，也可以从并列句的角度去分析。再如： I have many friends， some of whom are painters．我有许多朋友，其中一些 是画家。 该句可以理解为： I have many friends， and some of them are painters． 5．Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland， where he was buried in 1977．卓别林晚年定居在瑞士，1977年逝世后安葬在那里。 本句可以理解为： Chaplin lived his last years of his life in Switzerland， and he was buried there in 1977． 6．Chaplin’s earliest films were silent， because the equipment for adding sound to films had not yet been developed． The development of films with sound became a problem for Chaplin， as he was uncertain about makins films with dialogue．卓别林最早期的电影都是无声电影，因为给影片配音的设备那时还没 有研制出来。有声电影的研制对卓别林来说倒成了问题，因为他对制作配有对白 的影片没有把握。 在这两个复合句中，都含有原因状语从句。第一句由 because引导；第二句 由 as 引导。此外，since及 for也可引导表示原因的从句，它们之间是有区别的。 如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用 because。because引导的从句往往 放在主句之后。例如： You want to know why I’m leaving？ I’m leaving because I’m fed up！你 想知道我为什么要走吗？我要走，是因为我呆够了！ He failed in his exam because he had missed quite a few lessons．他考试不及 格，因为他缺了好多课。 如果原因已为人们所知，或不如句子的其余部分重要，就用 as或 since。 since比 as显得更正式一些。as和 since引导的从句多放在句子的开头。例如： As all the seats were taken he had to stand．由于座位都已坐满了人，他只得 站着。 It is very difficult for us to know what to do as we are not his parents．我们很难 决定该怎么办，因为我们不是他的父母。 Since you refuse to co-operate， I shall be forced to take legal advice．你既然 不肯合作，我只好去找律师。 for所引导的从句使人觉得所说的理由是一种补充说明，它不能放在句子的 开头。例如： I decided to stop and have lunch-for I was feeling quite hungry．我决定停下来 吃午饭，因为我觉得饿了。 7．He makes it seem as if this is one of the most delicious meals that he has ever enjoyed．他把吃皮鞋的情景表演得像是他吃过的最香的一顿饭。 这是一个复合句。主句是He makes it seem，其中 it回指上句“吃皮鞋”的 那件事。在主句 seem后跟 as if引导的表语从句（as if this is… meals）；而 that 引导的定语从句（that he has ever enjoyed）修饰先行词 meals。 在主句 He makes it seem中，包含有 make接不带 to的不定式构成的复合结 构（即：宾语+宾语补足语）。这时make的意思是“使（做某事或成为）”。例 如： You can’t make them sit there for such a long time． After all， they are children．你不能迫使他们在那里坐那么长时间，毕竟他们还是孩子。 seem是连系动词，意为：看来；似乎。后面可接由 that或 as if引导的表语 从句。例如： It seemed as if he knew nothing about it．他好像对这件事一无所知。 It seems that nobody knew what had happened．看来没人知道发生了什么事。