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Unit 9 Computers Lesson 33 【目标与要求】 一、交际用语 1）In my opinion，we should... 2）What’s your opinion？ 3）I believe we should... 4）I don’t think it’s necessary to... 5）I hope we can ... 6）Any reason？ 二、单词与词组 1）find out 2）in one’s opinion 3）first of all 4）in a few years’ time 5）a waste of... 6）waste 7）make a decision 8）go up 9）as soon as possible 10）bring down 三、句型 1）It’s bigger， although it’s more expensive． 2）We must decide which one to buy． 3）That would be a waste of money． 4）Can we try to get them to bring down theprice？ 【讲解设计】 一、交际用语 1．表示说话人的观点、看法或意思，常用下列句型： 1） In my opinion，we should... 2） I believe we should... 3）I（don’t）think... 4） I hope we can... 2．询问对方的意见或看法，常用： What’s your opinion？ 3．I don’t think it’s necessary to... 这句话译为“我认为没有必要……”，注意英语和汉语句子表达的不同， 不要把此句译为“我不认为有必要……”。这在英语语法中被称为否定的转移或 前移，即当 think用来引导一个否定概念时，通常把 think变成否定，而不是把 其后的宾语从句中的谓语动词变成否定。试比较： 我认为你不对。 I don’t think you are right． （×I think you aren’t right） 我认为天一会儿不会下雨。 I don’t think it will rain． （×I think it won’t rain） 除 think外，需要进行否定转移的动词还有 believe，expect，suppose等。例 如： I don’t believe she is at home，but I’ll goand see．我认为她不在家，不过 我还是要去看看。 I don’t suppose that he will spend thehoneymoon in Nanjing．我猜／认为 他不会在南京度蜜月。 二、单词与词组 1．find out find out意思为“查明，弄清”，注意和 find区别开来。find意思为“找到， 发现”。例如： I’m trying to find out his telephone number． I am very angry to find out that he told a lieagain． They found the lost child in the cave． I found it is difficult to forget the past． 2．a waste of...／waste v． 这里两个waste都作“浪费”解，但第一个用作名词，a waste of（time／ money etc．）是固定搭配；第二个用作及物动词，常用结构是waste （time／money／energy／effort etc．） doing sth．。例如： It’s really a waste of time trying to persuade her when she is angry．在她生气 时，试图去劝阻说服简直是浪费时间。 Put all the waste in the dustbin．请把废物放进垃圾箱。 He always wastes his time and money betting． Don’t waste time watching such boring TV programmes． waste还可以用作形容词，意思是“废弃的，无用的”。例如： He threw away those waste bottles． 3．make a decision make a decision意思是“作出决定”，其中 decision是动词 decide的名词形 式。例如： I think you’ve made a wise decision． You must make a decision about where to live．（=You must decide where to live．） 4． go up go up意思是“上升，上涨”，其反义词组是 go down，“下滑，下跌”。 例如： My weight keeps going up these days． It’s said that the temperature will go down tomorrow． 5．bring down bring down意思是“使（价格／成本等）降低或减少”。其反义词组是 bring up，“使……上涨或上升”。例如： The price is a bit high．Can you bring it down？ They’ve agreed not to bring up the price for the television． 三、句型 1．It’s bigger，although it’s more expensive． although（＝though）用作连词时，意思是“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语 从句。注意 although（though）不能和 but连用。例如： Although I was busy，I still decided to help him． He didn’t give up smoking，although the doctor had asked him to． 注意 although和 but，and的区别。but，and引导并列句，but引导有转折意 义的并列句，and引导有并列意义的并列句。例如： I went to his house and he came to mine，too．我去了他家，他也来了我家。 It rained， but we still went to see him．天下雨了，但我们还是去看他了。 2．We must decide which one to buy． 这里 which one to buy是不定式短语，作动词 decide的宾语，英语中有些及 物动词后可以用“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。疑问词有： when，where，who，how，whether，which；常用的及物动词有：ask， consider， decide，explain，find out，know，show， tell等。例如： I haven’t decided which one to choose．我还没有决定选择哪一个。 Please tell me what to do next．请告诉我下一步该怎么做。 注意：这些不定式短语也可转换成宾语从句。例如： I haven’t decided which one I shall choose． Please tell me what I should do next． 3．Can we try to get them to bring down the price？ 这里 get意思是“使，请，让”，常用在 get sb．to do sth．结构中，作 “使 ／让某人做某事”解，相当于 let／make sb．do sth．。例如： Can you get them to explain it to us？ We must get our headteacher to join us in the party． 【练习设计】 一、改错 1．I think you shouldn ’ t treat him as a child．（ ）____ A B C D 2．He hasn’t decided if to take a trip to the South．（ ）____ A B C D 3．The businessmen ’ s competition（n．竞争）goes down A B the price for computers．（ ）____ C D 4．He doesn’t know how to do next，so he looked very worried．（ ） ____． A B C D 5．Try to get him see a doctor at once．（ ）____ A B C D Lessons 34＆35 【目标与要求】 一、单词与词组 1）bring in 2）in and out of China 3）keep a record of... 4） record 5）at one time 6）long queues of people 7）make plans for... 8） at home and abroad 9）as a result 10）travel by plane／air 11） spend...on 12）prefer to do... 二、句型 1）Thanks to the new computer... 2）You might not be able to buy your ticketsuntil three days before you travelled． 3）It’s possible to find out much faster whichplanes are full and which planes still havefree seats on them． 4）The number of people who travel by plane inChina is larger than ever before． 三、语法 现在完成时的被动语态。 【讲解设计】 一、篇章结构 1．中心思想 The text，which is a news report selectedfrom China Daily，introduces the new computersystem used for booking seats in CAAC It hasconnected all the booking offices together andmade it easier for the passengers to buy theirtickets early and quickly． 2．段落大意 The whole text can be divided into twoparts． Part 1（Para．1—3） The new computer ofCAAC． Part 2（Para．4—5） Mutual favour broghtby the new computer for the passengers andCAAC． 二、单词和词组 1．bring in bring in意思为“引入，带来”。例如： They brought in two experienced foreignexperts to join in their study．他们引 入两位经验丰富的外国专家参加他们的研究。 The headmaster brought in a new studentfrom Taiwan to our class last week．上 个星期校长带一位来自台湾的新同学来我们班。 2．keep a record of...／record v． 这里的两个 record都作“记录”解，但第一个读作[′rek&d]，用作名词， keep a record of...意思是“把……记录下来”；第二个读作[ri′k&:d]，用作及物 动词。例如： You should keep a record of how much youhave spent． Keep a record of the mistakes which youoften make in the exercise． Listen to the speaker carefully and recordswhat he says． record作名词还常用于下列词组中： set up the world record 创造世界记录 break the national record 打破全国记录 keep the record of...保持记录 3．at one time at one time意思是“从前，曾经”，常用于过去时的句子中。注意和 at a time区别开来。 ata time意思是“每次，一次”。例如： At one time，I preferred to travel by air． At one time，the economy of China wasbackward．中国经济水平曾经很落后。 You can borrow two books from the libraryat a time．一次你可以从图书馆借 两本书。 4．make plans for... make plans意思是“制定计划，打算”，后面可接介词 for，也可接动词不 定式，即 make planto do sth．，相当于 plan to do sth．。例如： He’s making plans to travel around the world．（=He’s planning to travel around theworld．） You’d better make plans for your study atthe beginning of the new term． 5．at home and abroad at home and abroad意思是“国内外”。例如： Their products sell both at home and abroad．他们的产品畅销国内外。 Warmly welcome the guests from home and abroad．热烈欢迎来自国内外的宾 客。 abroad还用作副词，意思是“到国外，在国外”。例如： He lived abroad for many years． Are you going abroad for your holidays？ 6．spend...on spend表示“花费”，常与介词 on连用。例如： He spent all his money on books． We must spend our time on the lessons． spend还可以用于下列结构： spend...（in）doing sth．意思是“花费……做 某事”。例如： She spent all her life（in） teaching her threechildren．她把毕生精力倾注于 教育她的三个孩子身上。 7．prefer to do... prefer（preferred，preferring）表示“（两者中）更喜欢，（两者中）宁愿 选择（其中之一）”，后面可接名词、代词、不定式或动名词等。这里 prefer to do sth．作“更喜欢做……”解，相当于 prefer doing sth．。例如： －Do you want to take a taxi？ －No，I prefer to walk． -Would you like meat or fish？ -I prefer fish．Thank you． When I was young，I preferred listening tosome old classical music．我小的时 候更喜欢听一些旧的古典音乐。 prefer其它用法请参阅 Lesson37讲解。 四、句型 1．Thanks to the new computer， ... Thanks to这里意思是“多亏，由于”，在句中作原因状语，常位于句首或 句末。例如： I’m well again，thanks to the doctor．多亏了医生，我现在康复了。 Thanks to John’s warm help，we finishedthe work on time． Thanks to the bad weather，the 8∶30 flightwas put off．由于天气情况恶劣， 8∶30的航班被延误了。 2．You might not be able to buy your ticketsuntil three days before you travelled． until／till可以用作介词或连词。当用于肯定句时，意思是“直到……为 止”，主句的谓语动词一般用延续性动词。例如： I watched TV until 10 o’clock．我看电视一直看到十点钟。 We’ll wait here until you find your lostwallet．我们将在这儿等着直到你找 到丢失的皮夹为止。 当 until／till用于否定时，它们有 before的意思，常译为“直到……才，在 ……之前不”，主句的谓语动词一般用短暂性动词。例如： He didn’t begin to watch TV until 10o’clock．他直到十点钟才开始看电视。 （他十点之前没有看电视） Don’t get off the bus until it stops．直到车停再下车（车停之前不要下车）。 3．It’s possible to find out much faster whichplanes are full and which planes still have free seats on them． 1）这里 which引导的两个从句是 find out 的宾语。 2）在 It’s＋possible to...结构中 it是形式主语，其真正主语是不定式结构 to find out...，这样做常常可以避免句子头重脚轻。例如： It’s very difficult to learn a foreig language in a month． It’s necessary to find out where they havebeen． 五、语法 现在完成时的被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去，到现在已经完成或对现在仍 有影响，其构成是：have／has been＋done。 注意其和现在完成时主动语态之间的转换。例如： The homework has been finished（by them）．（＝They have finished the homework．） The plan has been studied by the experts for three times．（=The experts have studied the plan for three times．） All the CAAC offices have been joined by the new computer．（＝ The new computer has joined all the CAAC offices．） 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、单词辨音 1．aeroplane A．Europe B．discover C．potato D．none 2．form A．from B．storm C．firm D．front 3．passenger A．as B．reason C．means D．practise 4．although A．always B．all C．chalk D．talk 5．information A．suggestion B．exhibition C．question D．decision 二、单词拼写 1．I can’t decide which one to buy．Let me m____a decision tomorrow． 2．Can you give me some s____on the matter？ 3．You’d better take this one It’s very good a____it is a bit expensive． 4．Don’t w____too much time playing video games． 5．Please come back as s____as possible． 6．The whole science labs in this building is o____by computers． 7．A new airline has been o____to Hainan recently． 8．With the help of the computer，the p____can buy tickets much easier than before． 9．After a long j____，he arrived at the small town where he was born． 10．If you want to know the truth， you must try to get the first－hand i____． 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．He’s made a quick____ to choose the cheaper one of the two．（decide） 2．He was____ excited when he was made monitor．（great） 3．It’s____for you to do everything for him， because he is old enough． （necessary） 4．I was ____to the doctor because he’d saved my brother’s life．（thank） 5．The____ was so successful that my leg was saved．（operate） 6．The boy’s in charge of____the whole speech．（record） 7．The use of computers has brought great____ for workers．（improve） 8．I’ve finished the work____．What should I do next？（complete） 四、选择填空 1．____the new machine is expensive， they will buy one． A．Because B．But C．How D． Although 2．____“110”， my mother was sent to the hospital in time． A．Because B．By C．Thank to D．Thanks to 3．It’s____of time trying to persuade her on this occassion． A．waste B．wastes C．a waste D．no waste 4．The plan____by the engineers for three times． A．has studied B．has been studied C．had studied D．was being studied 5．It’s a great surprise for the businessman that the price for the computers is keeping____thesedays． A．to go down B．to bring down C．going down D．bringing down 6．Nothing could get him____his mind． A．to change B．change C．changing D．changed 7．He didn’t know____to do next， so he looked worried． A．what B．how C．there D．which 8．He____ as a guide of English at one time． A．works B．is working C．worked D．has worked 9．It’s better to____a plan for summer holidays． A．give B．make C．have D．take 10．He didn’t begin to work____his friend left last night． A．unless B．if C．one D．until 五、改写句子 1．He liked the one on the left better． He____the one on the left． 2．Because of the invention of computers，people can work more quickly and efficiently（adv．高效地）． ____ ____the invention of computers，people can work more quickly and efficiently 3．I was thinking about which one I should choose． I was thinking about____ ____ ____ ____． 4．He didn’t know how to work out the problem． He didn’t know____ ____ ____ ____out the problem． 5．She’s a good habit of recording all the important events in her life． She’s a good habit of____ ____ ____ ____all the important events in her life． 6．To find a cheaper house to live in is impossible now． ____impossible ____ ____a cheaper house____ ____ ____． 7．Has Mary handed in all the exercise-books？ ____all the exercise-books____ ____ ____ by Mary？ 8．People have sent the old man back home． The old man ____ ____ ____ ____home． 9．People will finish the new project in a month． The new project ____ ____ ____in a month． 10．The teacher made him clean the lab by himself． He____ ____ ____ ____the lab by himself by the teacher． 六、句型转换 1．Why haven’t they done anything to help the child？ （用被动语态改写） ___________________ 2．People have turned the old building into a food factory． （用被动语态改写） ___________________ 3．The project will be finished by the year 2000．（people） （用主动语态改写） ____________ 4．A new car factory was set up last year．（we） （用主动语态改写） _____________ 5．I really don’t know what I should say． （用疑问词+不定式复合结构改写） ____________ 6．He didn’t realize the mistake．He made the mistake in his speech． （用定语从句将两句连成一句） ____________ 七、完成句子 1．从前中学教师大多数是男的，但如今女的多于男的。 __ __ __，__ middle school teachers were men，but today，there are __ women__ men． 2．尽管 IBM PC586的价格已经降下来了，我认为没有必要买它。 __ the price for the IBM PC586__ __ __，I__ __ it __ __ to buy it． 3．校长让他把书搬到楼上他的办公室里去。 The headmaster__ __ __ __ the books__ to his office． 4．请坐，大家随便坐。 Sit down，please and__ __ __ __． 5．老师对每个学生的分数都做了记录。 The teacher__ __ __ __ the marks of each student． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 八、改错 Now many family make a plan to buy a computer． 1．____ As there are a little kinds of models in the markets， 2．____ people can’t decide to buy which kind．Some say 3．____ it is necessary to spend more money in a bigger one， 4．____ for example，the IBM PC486，or even586．They 5．____ think they will not have to change it in the future． 6．____ Some say a small one，such as IBM PC286， 7．____ is enough．It would be a waste money 8．____ buy a bigger one．About the prices of computers， 9．____ some say the price will up，but some say they 10．____ will bring down．Each person has his own opinion． 11．____ 009 Lesson 36 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 take up 二、听力 New Stories 三、写作 如何写课文摘要。 【讲解设计】 一、单词和词组 take up take up意思为“占据，占去”。例如： The bed took up too much room． I’m afraid I’ve taken up too much of your time．恐怕我已占了你太多的时 间。 二、听力 1）注意抓住两个故事主要内容，选择适当的标题。 2）仔细审读题目，特别留心听到的数字和地点，不要混淆搞错。 三、写作 写课文摘要要注意以下三点： 1）透彻地理解全文，明确抓住要点，删去 枝节，以简练的文字进行综合概括。 2）尽可能按照原文的顺序，基本上采用原 文的词句，纲要式地摘录其要点。 3）不要掺入个人的感想、说明和意思。 【练习设计】 一、听力 填入所缺单词。 Last week，the sun__ and it got quite hot．I__ to put on my__ grey summer trousers．But I got a__．I could not put them on．They were too small．It is__that they got smaller during the winter，but I don’t think so．I am__ I got bigger．So I amgoing to eat__ and I am going to__ more exercise．I__ that I am going to lose some__． 二、书面表达 阅读下列短文，写出内容摘要。 要求：1）条理清楚，字迹工整；2）字数不超过 50词。 Mr and Mrs Brown were going abroad for their holiday．They had a dog called Blackie which theywere very fond of，but they could not take him abroad with them．So they tried to look for a goodplace to leave him while they were away．At last they found a place where dogs were looked after verywell while their owners were away．They took Blackie there just before they left for their holiday，andsaid goodbye to him． At the end of their holiday，they got back to England very late at night．As they thought that theplace where Blackie was staying might be closed at that late hour，they decided to wait until the nextmorning before going to get him．So the next morning Mr Brown got into his car and drove off happilyto collect Blackie． When he reached home with the dog，he said to his wife，“Do you know，dear，I don’t thinkBlackie enjoyed his stay at that place very much．He barked all the way home in the car as if he wantedto tell me something．” Mrs Brown looked at the dog carefully and then answered，“You are quite right，dear．He wascertainly trying to tell you something．But he wasn’t trying to tell you that he hadn’t enjoyed his stayin that place．He was only trying to tell you were bringing home the wrong dog．”