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Unit 21 Music Lesson 81 【目标与要求】 一、交际用语 1）Have you decided what music you’d like usto play at the party？ 2）We’d rather have some fairly quiet andpeaceful music． 3）I’d prefer them not to play too loudly at thebeginning． 二、单词和词组 1）be familiar with 2）otherwise 3）perform 4）wedding 5）folk music 6）start with 【讲解设计】 一、交际用语 1．Have you decided what music you’d like usto play at the party？你是 否已决定要我们在聚会上演奏什么乐曲？ “Have／has sb．decided…？”和“… have／hasdecided…”常用来询问对 方“有没有做出什么决定”和“某人决定……”，后面可跟不定式（或疑问词 加不定式）作宾语，也可跟宾语从句。如： Have you decided where to spend your holi-day？你有没有决定在哪里度假？ Have they decided in which hotel they willstay for the night？他们有没有决定 在哪家旅馆过夜？ I have decided to buy a dictionary． 2．We’d rather have some fairly quiet andpeaceful music．我们想来点略 微恬静、柔和的音乐。 1）would rather do sth．“想要做……”或者意思是“宁可要……”。例如： I would rather stay at home and have a goodrest．我想呆在家里，好好休息一 下。 He’d rather go there alone． 他宁愿一个人去。 其否定形式为：would rather not do sth． —what has happened to you all theseyears？ —I’d rather not tell you． 2）注意下列结构：would rather do…thando…宁愿做……而不愿做……。例 如： I’d rather listen to some music than watchTV．我宁愿听听音乐而不想看电 视。 3）would rather后加 that从句，常用虚拟语气。如： I’d rather Tom helped me． 3．I’d prefer them not to play too loudly at thebeginning．一开始我希望 他们别演奏得太响。 1）在本句中 prefer sb．（not）to do…意思是“想让/喜欢某人（不）做某 事”。如： They preferred her not to go with him． 他们宁愿她不跟他们去。 I’d prefer you to tell me about it． 我倒希望你告诉我此事。 2）注意下列结构：would prefer to do…和 prefer to do…rather than do…这两 个结构跟 2中所讲的 1）、2）意思一样。 二、单词和词组 1．be familiar with熟悉、通晓，对……熟悉 I am familiar with this place because I wasborn here．我对这个地方很熟悉， 因为我就出生在此。 This place is familiar to me because I wasborn here． 2．otherwise 连词，意思是“否则，不然”，相当于 or，orelse。如： Hurry up，otherwise you’ll be late． You should obey the law，otherwise youwill be punished．你应遵守法律，否 则你就会受到法律的惩罚。 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、按照所给汉语完成下列句子 1．Have you decided______（什么时候出发）？ 2．Has the teacher decided______（我们班是否去听这个讲座）？ 3．We have decided______（明天去看看李平）． 4． I’d rather______（每顿晚饭后吃一个苹果）． 5． He’d rather______（不知道事情的真相）． 6． In the battle，the soldiers preferred______（宁死也不投降）． 7．At the moment， I’d prefer you______（不要谈论这个问题）． 8．I think I’d perfer______（要鱼不要肉）． 9．The teacher asked the students to read poems______（从汤姆开始）． 10． The old man______（通晓英语）． 二、单句改错 1．We practise to speak English every day in order to improve our English． 2．This kind of work is familiar with him． 3．I would rather not to go there tonight because I am too busy． 4．I have brought seven musicians and the three of them play the guitar． 5． Xiao Li as well as his parents are going to the concert． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 三、完成对话 A：Have you decided where to have the wedding party？ B： 1 A： 2 B： Abut 50． They are all my old classmates． B： Have you sent out all your invitations？ B： Yes． They may have all received my invitations． A： 3 B： I’d rather have some soft music at the beginning． A： 4 By the way，I suggest you not serve too many dishes． B： 5 A． Anything will do． B． Have you decided how many paple to invite？ C．That sounds a good idea． D． In my new flat． E． How long will the party last？ F． How will you start your party？ G． Thank you for your advice． Lesson 82～83 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 1）marry 2）generation 3）learn by heart 4）in praise of 5）hero 6）nowadays 7）passer-by 8）memory 9）whisper 10）ironing board 11）part 12）earn one’s living 13）pass on from one generation to another 14）play an important part 15）all night long 16）dance to music 二、句型 1）They used to learn hundreds of songs byheart． 2）This was at a time when there was no radio，TV or cinemA． 3）It had its roots in AfricA． 三、语法 动词 ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语。 【讲解设计】 一、篇章结构 1．中心思想 This passase tells us knowledge of music onall sides，such as its history，its form，its origin，its kinds and so on．It mainly，describes thekind of music which is not written down in thehistory． 2．段落大意 The whole text can be divided into threeparts： Part1（ParA．1） Two important kinds of music． Part 2（ParA．2～4） Music not written down plays an importantpart． Part 3（ParA．5～8） Introduction of some kinds of music in theworld． 二、单词和词组 1．marry 可作及物动词和不及物动词，意思是“结婚、娶、嫁”。例如： John is going to marry Jane． 约翰将要和珍结婚。 She married a merchant with much money． 她嫁给了一位有钱的商人。 注意：be married已婚（指婚姻状态），而 get married结婚（指行为，不能 与表示一段时间的时间状语连用）。例如： —Is he married？他结婚了吗？ —No，he is still single． 没有，他仍单身一人。 They got married last year． 他们去年结婚的。 Mr Black has been married to his wife forthirty years．布莱克先生和妻子结婚 已有 30年了。 2． learn…by heart熟记……，背出…… 该词组是固定词组，heart前不能加任何限定词。例如： The teacher asked us to learn the poem byheart．老师叫我们把诗背出来。 He found it very difficult to learn the linesof the play by heart．他感到很难记 住该剧的台词。 3． in praise of赞扬 praise此处作不可数名词。例如： The leader spoke in praise of the man whohad given his life for the cause．领袖 称赞那位为事业而捐躯的人。 The book is written in praise of those fight－ers．写这本书是用来歌颂那些战 士的。 4．memory 名词，意思是“记忆力、记忆”，其复数形式为memories。例如： He has a bad memory for dates． 他对日期的记忆力很差。 in memory of sb．或 to the memory of sb． 以纪念某人；为了纪念某人 5．whisper 可作及物动词和不及物动词，意思是“低语、耳语、私语”，后面须带介词 to。例如： He whispered the news to me． 他低声告诉我这个消息。 The little boy whispered to his mother thestory．小男孩低声告诉他母亲这则 故事。 6．part 及物动词，意思是“（使）分开，分道”。常用 part sth．from sth．，part sb．。例如： The policemen parted the crowd． 警察排开人群。 They parted at the station． 他们在车站分手。 We tried to part the two fighters． 我们试图把两个打架的人分开。 三、句型 1．This was at a time when there was no radio，TV or cinema．这是广播、 电视或电影出现以前的情形。 句中when there was no…是定语从句，修饰名词 time。例如： I hope the time will soon come when therewill be no pollution in the world．我 希望世界上没有污染的日子早日到来。 He was born at a time when there was notenough food．他出身在一个缺少粮 食的年代。 注意：each time，every time，next time，bythe time，the first time等引导的 时间状语从句。例如： He would call on me every time he came toSichuan．他每次来四川，都要来 看望我。 By the time he came，we had finished allthe work．到他到的时候，我们已完 成工作。 2．It had its roots in AfricA．它起源于非洲。 该句意思为：It came from AfricA．root意为“根源、基础”。例如： In which area of Asia did the dance have itsroots？这舞蹈起源于亚洲哪个地区？ Black people have their roots in AfricA． 黑人起源于非洲。 四、语法 动词 ing形式（一） 动词 ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语。 1）动词-ing形式作表语一般在 be动词之后或与 be功能相同的连系动词之 后。例如： His job is teaching．他的工作是教书。 The situation is encouraging． 形势令人鼓舞。 The news sounds exciting． 这消息听起来很激动人心。 2）动词的 ing形式作定语，位置可置于被修饰的名词前或后。如果是单个 的动词 ing形式，则置于名词前；如果是动词 ing形式的短语，则应放在被修饰 的名词之后。例如： There is a swimming pool in our school． 我们学校里有一个游泳池。 China is a developing country． 中国是一个发展中国家。 The man talking with Mr Li is WangPing’s father．和李先生谈话的那人是王 平的父亲。 The meeting being held is very important． 正在召开的会议非常重要。 3）动词 ing形式作宾语补足语。 动词 ing形式可以在某些动词如 see，hear，notice，keep，watch，find，get，have，feel等词后与一个名词（或 代词）构成复合宾语。例如： I’m sorry to have kept you waiting． 对不起，让你久等了。 Do you see a girl running towards us？ 你看到一个女孩向我们跑过来吗？ His joke got us laughing． 他的笑话使我们笑了起来。 I won’t have you saying that again． 我不允许你再那样说。 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、单词辨音 1．single A．strong B．long C．singer D．English 2．soul A．soup B．loud C．wound D．though 3．otherwise A．loose B．house C．horse D．rose 4．musical A．musician B．ocean C．cent D．decare 5．familiar A．family B．marry C．chairman D．nation 二、单词拼写 1．Most of the young people are f______ with pop music． 2．She is not married．That is to say，she is still s______． 3．Hurry up，o______you will miss the train． 4．Good customs should be passed down from on g______ to another． 5．N______，a lot of young people want to study abroad． 6．He is eighty years old，but he still has a good m______． 7．He w______the secret to me and told me not to let it out． 8．The color in this material will not f______． 9．In some parts of the world，you often see musicians p______ in the street to passers－by． 10．When he was young，he e______ a living by selling newspapers． 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．The building______（build）now will be our school library． 2．When I opened the door，I found him________（watch）TV． 3．The gardener’s job is_______（take）care of these flowers． 4．What he told us was really_______（disappoint）． 5．The_______（sleep）baby suddenly cried out． 6．There are many______（fall）leaves on the ground． 7．The professor________（give）us the talk now is very famous． 8．When he woke up，he felt something_______（climb）on him． 9．After we saw the_____（move）film，we were all_______（move）to tears． 10．He looked down and found a wallet_______（lie）on the ground． 11．The meeting_____（hold）tomorrow is very important． 12．Don’t leave the child_______（stand）outside all the time．It’s too cold． 四、根据所给中文完成下列句子 1．The English teacher required that we should_______（记住所有的单词）． 2．In order to finish the project ahead of time，the workors worked______（整 夜）． 3．She likes to________（伴着快节奏的乐曲跳舞）． 4．Weather______ agricultural production．（在……中起着很重要的作用） 5．The old man_______a young doctor．（把他女儿嫁给了……） 6．Good education can equip us______（谋生）。 7．I need to________（整烫裤子）before the performance．They don’t look tidy． 8．The film is produced_______（表扬）the heroes in the battle． 9．The custom has been_________（从一代传到另一代）． 10．The buiding was named Ford Hall_______（以纪念）a man named James Ford． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 五、完形填空 When tea and coffee were first brought to Europe 1 the eighteenth century，people had dif-ferent ideas of their 2 ．Some said that tea and coffee were 3 to people and they could 4 people to die． In Sweden，King Gustaf Ⅲ 5 to find out 6 this was true or false．It happened thatthere were 7 brothers kept in 8 at the time．They were twins and were 9 alike 10 every way．Both of them were going to be punished to 11 The king decided to let themlive 12 one of them agreed to drink several cups of tea each day and 13 ， several cups of 14 each day． Both brothers lived many years 15 problems of any kind． 16 ，the brother 17 had todrink tea every day died 18 the age of eighty－three；the other died a few years later． 19 the experiment Sweden is today one of the countries of the world 20 much tea andcoffee are drunk． 1．A．by B．at C．in D．on 2．A．past B．age C．use D．colour 3．A．good B．kind C．polie D．harmful 4．A．make B．cause C．force D．let 5．A．refused B．was asked C．decided D．was ordered 6．A．that B．whether C．when D．where 7．A．two B．three C．four D．no 8．A．the room B．prison C．time D．the end 9．A．almost exactly B．not C．never D．not exactly 10．A．by B．with C．at D．in 11．A．die B．dead C．dying D．death 12．A．unless B．if C．until D．before 13．A．another B．one C．other D．the other 14．A．coffee B．tea C．water D．wine 15．A．with B．had C．without D．having 16．A．At last B．By then C．In time D．One day 17．A．／ B．who C．whom D．he 18．A．at B．in C．on D．by 19．A．For B．Because of C．Because D．As 20．A．that B．where C．so D．so that 六、阅读理解 When you watch a movie in the cinema，you may wonder how “the moving picture is made andwhere the voices，noises and music come from．Now here is the answer． In modern times，the middle part of a cinema film has lots of small photographs，each one ofwhich is different from the one before it．Each photograph is brought in front of a strong light，andthere it stops for a very small part of a specond．This photograph，therefore，appears on the screen，andwe see it．Then the light is covered and the next photograph is moved to the position in front of thestrong light．Meanwhile，the metal cover turns away from the light．Thus，the second photogragh isshown on the screen．This is done again and again，twenty－ four times a second，and we think we arewatching a moving picture on the screen．But nothing on the screen actually moves．“The moving pic- ture”is in fact made of a lot of bits．We see about 86，400 different pictures every hour，but none of them moves． The voices，noises and music are recorded on the side of the cinema film．The record looks like marks of strange shapes（形状）．The side of the film passes in front of another light，and the rays of light which pass through change as the marks change．These marks have been made from the voices and other sounds of the people and events（事件）in front of the cinema camera when the film is being made．The marks may be considered as“printed sounds”． 1．When a cinema film is shown，each photograph appears on the screen for____． A．one twenty-third of a second B．one twenty-fourth of a second C．a part of a second D．one twenty-fifth of a second 2．We see pictures moving on the screen because_____． A．we see about 86，400 different pictures every hour B．each picture is a little different from the one before it C．photographs change quickly D．both B and C 3．A cinema film is made up of____． A．small photographs and a strong light B．small photographs and the record of sounds on the side C．a lot of bits D．voices，noises and music 4．In the sentence “Then the light is covered…”， can you tell by what the light is covered？____． A．the screen B．marks of strange shapes C．a metal cover D．the sound record 5．The sound record____． A．sounds strange B．looks as irregular marks C．is made up of marks printed in the middle of a film D．is made while the film is being shown on the screen Lesson 84 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 1）single 2）square 3）hit in the nails 4）shape 5）progress 6）on earth 二、听力 掌握大意，查找细节。 三、写作 学写人物。 【讲解设计】 一、单词和词组 1．single 形容词，意思是“唯一的、单一的、单人的”，“未婚的，独身的”。例如： “Do you have a single room？”asked Mr Brown．布朗先生问：“你们有单 人房间吗？” She remains single all her life． 她终身未婚。 2．shape 及物动词，意思是“使成形，使具有……形状”。例如： The metal piece is shaped like a new moon． 这个金属部件制成新月状。 The ice is shaped like a tiger． 冰被雕成一只老虎。 3．progress 不及物动词，意思是“前进，进展，进行”。 例如： How is the project progressing？ 工程进展如何？ Medical science is progressing rapidly． 我国的医学进展很快。 二、听力 1）听清老师对听力材料的介绍，初步了解材料所涉及的内容，该材料分为 两部分，第一部分简要介绍了伦敦一座著名的教堂的宏伟及油漆该教堂天顶的 任务的艰巨。第二部分介绍了聪明的助手如何巧妙地使艺术家脱离危险。 2）听前老师提出该材料的重点、难点：①What is the central part shaped like？② Is the work dangerous？③What danger was the artist facing？④How did the assistant save the artist？ 3）上述四个问题贯串听力材料的中心，要求听时抓细节。 4）听两至三遍，完成练习。 三、写作 1）本作业要求写人物，因此先提出人物及对该人物所掌握的信息，同学间 可参与讨论。 2）按照 84课第 3部分所提供的问题，合理安排语序，写一位著名的歌唱 家。 【练习设计】 一、听力（仔细听下面一段独白，然后判断下列句子正误） 1．The speaker is an American． 2．The lost suitcase was bought at Xidan Department Store． 3．The bag is brown and has a handle． 4．The speaker is eager to get the 600 dollars back． 5．There’s something else lost besides 600 dollars． 二、写作 你朋友王平下周五晚上举行生日晚会，他向你发出了邀请，你因故不能参 加，请给他写一封致歉信，信应包括如下内容： 1）不能参加晚会的原因。 2）不能参加晚会的心情。 3）信中顺便寄去贺卡，同时道生日快乐。