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Unit 17 Life in the future 一、教学目标与要求 通过本单元教学，学生了解在未来生活中电脑所起的巨大作用，丰富学生 的想象力，提高学生用英语描述未来生活的能力。通过对第 67课的学习，学生 了解在当今世界上发展中国家与发达国家之间的巨大贫富差距。学生不仅能用英 语描述这种差距，还应能发表自己的看法；通过对话课的学习与操练，学习表 示预测和推测的日常交际用语；学习并初步掌握同位语从句的用法；正确完成 练习册安排的练习。 二、教学重点与难点 1．重点词汇 simply；majority；industry；throughout；possibility；store； belief；possession；satisfy；practical；passage；meanwhile；talk of；out of work；keep fit 2．重要句型 They are already being used in agriculture and industry． 3．语法 同位语从句（Noun Clauses as the Appositive）1）The idea that computers will recognize human voices surprises many people．2）The possibility that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed． 4．日常交际用语 预测和推测（Prediction，conjecture and belief）1）Do you think our manager is going to have a new factory built？2）I simply don’t know． 3）Do you think it’s possible that it will happen？4）I can see the problem．What do you think is likely to hap-pen？ 5）It is not likely that the manager will employ more people． 三、课型 （一）对话课 Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．教师通过向学生提出下列问题导入本课：1）Can you imagine what life will be in the future？ 2） Let’s think about what kind of modern life we will live in the future． 为使学生能展开讨论，教师可以提出某些领域，使学生发挥想象力： 1）Food people eat；2）Clothes that people wear；3）Transportation； 4）Medical care；5）School life； 6）House people live in 鼓励学生用英语表达其大胆设想。 2．准备放对话录音。借助投影片打出以下听前提问： 1）What are Jenny and Mei Ge talk-ing about？ 2） When will the decision be made？ 放录音一至两遍，请学生回答上述问题，教师予以必要订正。 Key：1）Jenny and Mei Ge are talking about future plans．2）According to Mei Ge，it is quite likely that the decision will be made before the end of the year． 3．再次放对话录音，学生跟读。根据本课对话内容，教师再提出一些问题， 检查学生的理解程度。 1）According to Mei Ge，why is the manager going to have a new factory built？ 2）What’s the problem with building the new factory？3）What’s the disagreement among the people in the town？4）Do you think the factory will be built quite soon？Please explain． Key：1）Because right now they can’t produce goods quickly enough for all their cus-tomers．Many of the customers have to wait six months for their goods．2）The problem is finding land for the new factory．3）The disagreement is that most of the people in the town want to encourage new industry in the area．But some people don’t want good farmland to be built on．4）Let the students discuss the question．Anyone who can give good explanations in English will be correct． 4．将学生分为两人一组练习对话。数分钟后，请两三组同学到前面表演， 教师予以讲评。 教师指导学生归纳本课中有关预测和推测（Prediction，conjecture and belief）的常用语句（见日常交际用语部分）。 5．要求学生将本课对话改写为一篇短文，描述经理要修建一座新工厂的打 算和所遇到的问题，教师给予必要的提示。 提示语：1）have a new factory built 2）the reason for building the new factory 3） the problem with building the new factory 4） what will the manager do 将首句给出：The manager is going to have a new factory built because… 要求学生根据对话，参照老师所给提示及首句，编写短文。 Model： The manager is going to have a new factory built because right now they can’t produce goods quickly enough for all their customers．Many of the customers have to wait six months for their goods．But the problem with building the new factory is where to find land for it．Most of the people in the town want to encourage new industry in the area as new jobs are needed since a number of people are out of work．But some people don’t want good farmland to be built on．The manager will persuade the government to let him build the new factory．It is hoped that a decision will be made before the end of the year． 当堂要求学生完成，如时间允许，可请几位同学朗读自己的短文，教师予 以讲评。 6．布置作业 1）预习第 66课；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。 （二）阅读理解课（Ⅰ） Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．检查生词及短语。 2．教师用下述话引出本课内容：I understand that many of you have computers at home．Now those who have computers，hands up，please． Let me see．Great！So many of you have got computers at home．It doesn’t matter for those who haven’t got computers yet．Anyhow，you have computer class at school and you know how to use computers． Now tell me what you can do with computers． 在黑板上列出学生所提及的内容。 Good．You already know a lot about the use of computers．And I believe that after learning the reading passage，you’ll learn more about it． 3．准备阅读第一部分课文，教师给出读前提问：1）How do farmers use computers？2）How is computer used in transport？ 教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文，之后请同学回答上述问题。 Key：1）Farmers use computers to control the growing conditions of vegetables and oth-er plants．2）Railways in Japan already use computers to work out the best distance between trains．Trains will be operated by computer and many of them will have no drivers． 4．放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。 5．课堂活动：A．要求学生根据课文所提供的信息，归纳以下内容： 1）How computers are used in agriculture， for example， on many farms， in glasshouses and what farmers can work out？2） What computers can do to help people in their personal lives？3）the use of computer in the fields of education， health and research 将全班分为若干小组，每个小组可选择其中一两个题目，在组内进行归纳。 数分钟后，请几位同学在班内交流，其他同学补充，教师予以讲评。 B．要求学生给出各段大意： （学生先在小组内交流并相互启发、补充，然后请学生在班上交流，教师予 以讲评） The main idea of each paragraph for reference： 1st：The use of computer in agriculture． 2nd：The use of computer in personal lives and what computer can do to help people． 3rd：People can work at home with the help of computer． 4th：The use of computer in transportation． 5th：How computer will help reduce the cost in space travel． 6th：The important part the computer plays in the fields of education，health． 6．布置作业 1）复述课文；2）完成练习册中所安排的练习。 阅读理解课（Ⅱ） Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．检查学生课文朗读和复述。 2．准备阅读课文第二部分。教师给出读前提问：1）In what way people in western coun-tries waste a lot of money，energy and materials？2）Please give an example to show that de-veloped countries use too much energy． 教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文，之后请同学回答上述问题。 Key：1）People in western countries spend too much money on new possessions that they don’t need．In this way they waste a lot of money，energy and materials．2） The USA uses 30％ of the world’s energy， but it has only 6％ of the world’s population． 3．放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。 4．课堂活动 要求学生给出各段大意： （学生先在小组内交流并相互启发、补充，然后请学生在班上交流，教师予 以讲评） The main idea for each paragraph for reference： 1st：People in western countries spend too much money on things they don’t need． 2nd：Many people are against the expensive way of life and they hope the wealth should be shared more fairly． 3rd：An example to show how money should be spent． 4th：The problem with using energy shows that the wealth is not shared fairly in the world． 5．课堂讨论：组织学生就本课第二部分的讨论题展开讨论。 可将学生分为不同小组，每组选择其中一两个讨论题。数分钟后，请同学在 班上交流。大家补充，教师予以讲评，但不必将答案做出明确规定，意在鼓励大 家用英语发表看法。 6．教师用投影仪打出以下表格，学生利用课文中所提供的信息填写表格， 归纳计算机在各个领域中的巨大作用： （斜体部分为参考答案，可不向学生展示） 数分钟后，请几位同学根据所填写内容讲述，教师予以讲评。鼓励学生将自 己整理的内容连成短文。 6．布置作业 1）复述课文，描述在未来生活中电脑所起的巨大作用；2） 完成练习册中所安排的练习。 （三）语言训练课 Ⅰ．教具 投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．教师检查课文复述。 2．教师从本单元词语中选择部分常用词语，配以例句介绍给学生。要求学 生反复练习这些例句，并请同学造句，教师予以讲评、订正。 1）talk of We often talked of the celebration during the holidays． The last time I saw him he was talking of retiring at the end of the year． 2）out of work I suppose you are out of work just at present． This means the young man may be out of work for some time． Life was very hard for Tom’s family since both of his parents had been out of work． 3）throughout Grandpa slept throughout the program so he did not see any of it． October 1st is celebrated throughout China． They searched throughout the town for the lost child． 4）belief He expressed his belief in the boy’s honesty． She came to me in the belief that I could help her． 5）possession/possess The old man lost most of his possessions during the war． How did it come into your possession？ He never possessed much money， but always possessed good health． 6）satisfy She knew her answer wouldn’t satisfy her teacher． The headmaster gave a satisfied smile． The story has a satisfying ending． The manager is not at all satisfied with the present situation． 7）practical We’ve got to be practical and buy only what we can afford． This invention is very clever， but not practical． 8）meanwhile Mother went shopping；meanwhile， I cleaned the house． If you can be there at three， you can help me to select the flowers， and I can tell you some news meanwhile． 3．书面表达 中文提示（用投影仪打出）：某公司要求你制定一个关于修建一座新工厂 的计划。请根据以下要点写出： 1）为解决很多工人失业，准备修建一座工厂；2）要解决有关运输和货物 贮藏等问题；3）要占用农民耕地，公司将向政府提交报告；4）需要有特殊技 术的工人；5）不浪费金钱、原料、能源等。注意外界减少污染的要求。 英文提示：in order to；out of work；transport；store goods；agricultural land；per-suade；skill；meanwhile；request 将首句给出：Our company is to build a new factory in order to offer jobs for those who are out of work a present． One possible version： Our company is to build a new factory in order to offer jobs for those who are out of work at present．First，the problem of thetransport and places for storing goods should be solved．Second，in order to solve the problem that some agricultural land will be used for the construction of the new factory，the company will present reports to the govern-ment and try to persuade the officials to give us permission．Also we need workers who have special skills．We’ll try our best to save money，materials as well as energy．Meanwhile，special attention will be paid to the request that pollution should be reduced． 4．教师用投影仪打出以下表格，学生利用课文中所提供的信息填写表格， 描述在人们日常生活中，计算机所起到的作用： Say something about the important part the computer plays in personal lives of the peo-ple： （斜体部分为参考答案，可不向学生展示） 数分钟后，请几位同学根据所填写内容讲述，教师予以讲评。 5．布置作业 1）预习第 18单元；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。 四、难句分析 1．Do you think our manager is going to have a new factory built？People have been talk-ing of it a lot recently．你认为我们经理会打算建一座新工厂吗？对这件 事人们最近一直谈论得很多呢。 to have a new factory built是 have的复合宾语结构（have+名词+过去分词）， 意为：“使（叫）某人做某事”或“使某事得以做成”。例如： The nurse will have your temperature taken．护士要量你的体温。 Last year our family had some money saved．去年我们家积蓄了一点钱。 关于这个结构的其他用法，请详见第 11单元难句分析。 talk of意为：谈到；谈及（某物），与 talk about略有不同。talk about侧重 于谈论某物或某人。请比较以下句子： We often talked of you during the winter．在冬天我们常常谈起你。 We talked about the football match just now．刚才我们在谈论那场足球赛来 着。 In the lecture the headmaster talked of discipline．在讲话中，校长谈到了纪律。 （也许还谈到了其他事情） They talked about the job for hours．他们一连几个小时谈论这项工作。 2．What do you think is likely to happen？你觉得可能会发生什么事情？ It’s quite likely that a decision will be made before the end of the year．很有 可能将要在年底以前做出决定。 likely是形容词，意为：可能的；预期的，常用于以下两种结构中： 1）be likely to do sth．例如： He is likely to come．他可能要来。 It isn’t likely to rain．不大像要下雨。 She is very likely to ring me tonight．她今晚很可能给我打电话。 2）It is likely＋that clause 例如： It is likely that he will succeed．他很可能要获得成功。 表示“可能的”还有 possible和 probable。possible作表语，一般不修饰人。 例如，我们可以说： It is possible for him to lend us the car．他有可能借给我们他的汽车。或者： It is possible that he will lend us the car． 但是我们不说： He is possible to lend us the car． probable一般指较大的可能性。例如： It is probable that it will rain today．今天极有可能要下雨。 It is possible，but hardly probable．有可能性，但没把握。 3．The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people．计算机可以识别人的声音，这种想法使许多人感到惊奇。 The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often dis-cussed．人们经常讨论大多数劳力将会在家里工作这种可能性。 在以上两个句子中，各有一个由 that引导的从句，分别说明或解释前面名 词 idea和 pos-sibility。这类从句叫做同位语从句。在英语中某些名词（如 belief，doubt，fact，hope，idea，news，possibility，thought等）后面，通常可 以用 that引导同位语从句。例如： The fact that he was lack of confidence was very clear．他缺乏自信心这一事 实十分清楚。 I’ve come from Mr．Lin with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从林先生那儿来，他让我告诉你他今天下午来不了啦。 同位语从句也可由连接副词引导。例如： Then arose the question where we were to get the machines needed．这时就产 生了这样一个问题：我们到哪儿去找所需要的机器。 有时这种同位语从句可以不紧跟在它解释、说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔 开。例如： The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．他突然想起 可能敌人已经逃出城了。 关于同位语从句和定语从句的区别，请参阅第 11单元的难句分析。 4．Possibly in future the wealth of the whole world will be shared more fairly among countries than is it now．整个世界的财富将来有可能比现在更加公平合理 地在国与国之间分享。 本句用了副词的比较级more fairly，后跟由连词 than引导的表示比较的状 语从句 than it is（shared）now。这种比较状语从句通常要省略可以省略的词，以 避免重复。再如： Bruce comes to school earlier than other students（do）．布鲁斯上学比别的 学生都早。