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Unit 14 Mainly revision Lesson 53 【目标与要求】 一、交际用语 1）Can I ask for some advice？ 2）What can you suggest？ 3） I could do that． 4） I’ve got an idea． 5）Ask sb if… 6）That’s why… 7）I’m sure（what） 8）How can I do… 9）I want to improve，but I don’t know how． 二、单词与词组 1）start biology 2）be tired of… 3）in one’s free class 4）do anything alone 5）do a tomato experiment 6）anything special 7）prepare for 三、句型 1）Have you considered using the lab？ 2）I suggest that you ask Mr Wu． 【讲解设计】 一、交际用语 1．Can I ask for some advice？ 这里 can表示可能性，“我可以……吗？” ask （sb．） for advice意思是“向某人征求意见”。这里的 for不可以省略。 例如： They wanted to ask for some advice on howto learn English． May I ask for your advice？ 2． Ask sb． if… ask sb．这里表示“询问某人，向某人打听一下”，后面接 if引导的宾语从 句，意思是“是否…… ”，表示对所问内容的不确定。例如： Ask her if she likes the music box I sent toher as the birthday present． Ask the children if they’ve been ready forstart．问问孩子们是否已做好出发 的准备。 也可以用疑问代词或疑问副词代替 if，但通常不用 that。例如： Ask the old man nearby where the famous old artist lives． 3．That’s why… 这里why引导的是 be动词 is的表语从句，整个句子表示事情的结果。例如： He always eats too much．That’s why he isfat． He hadn’t worked hard like others．That’swhy all the others passed the exam except him． 注意和 That’s because…的区别，That’s because…是 because 引导的表语 从句，表示事情的起因。 He is fat． That’s because he always eats toomuch．他胖，（那）是因为他 总是吃得很多。 He felt lonely．That’s because his bestfriend had moved to America．他感到 很孤独，那是因为他最好的朋友已移居美国。 4．I want to improve，but I don’t know how． 这是一个由 but引导表示转折意义的并列 句，后半句 I don’t know how是 一个省略句，完 整的句子应该是 I don’t know how to improve．例如： I want to start the work earlier but I don’tknow how． 二、单词与词组 1． be tired of… be tired of…表示“厌倦……，对……感到厌倦”。of后可以接名词、代词 动名词。例如： I am tired of the boring job in the office allthe day． He’s very tired of getting along with thegossip．他对与那个长舌妇相处感到 很厌烦。 2．do anything alone 1）这里 anything表示“任何事”，用于肯定句中。类似用法的不定代词还 有 anybody。例如： Anybody that is interested in the game， putup your hand，please． Anybody can succeed if he works hard． 2）这甲 alone用作副词，表示“单独地，独自地”；也可用作形容词，但 只能作表语用，不可用作定语形容词。注意和 lonely的区别，lonely常用作形容 词，意思是“孤独的，寂寞的”，可作表语或定语。例如： Living alone in the small mountain village，the old man felt very lonely．独自 住在一个小山村里，老人觉得很孤独。 He preferred travelling alone． 3．do a tomato experiment experiment意思是“实验，试验”，do atomato experiment（做西红柿实 验），也可以说成 do an experiment on tomatoes。例如： Why not do an experiment on monkeys to test the new medicine？ 4．anything special 这里 anything是不定代词，修饰不定代词的形容词必须后置，这和汉语的 习惯不同。类似的不定代词还有：something， nothing，somebody，anybody，nobody。例如： There’s nothing interesting in the film． Is there anybody important that you want to see？ 5．prepare for prepare for意思是“为……准备好，为……做好准备”。这里 prepare也可用 作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，注意区别。例如： John is preparing a meal for us． That’s the subject that prepares student for the English exams．那是一门为学 生参加英语考试而设置的课目。 Will you help me（to） prepare for the party？愿意帮忙筹划这次晚会吗？ 三、句型 1．Have you considered using the lab？ consider是及物动词，作“考虑”解时，后面接名词、代词或从句作宾语， 表示“考虑做……”时，要接 V－ing形式，即 consider doing…，而不用 consider to do…。例如： Have you considered my advice？ Have you considered if you will take my advice？ I considered going to see Paul in winter． He’s considering changing a new flat． consider后面也可接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。例如： Have you considered how to make him change his mind？ We have to consider what reading material to use first． 2．I suggest that you ask Mr Wu． 这里 suggest意思是“建议”，后面可以接名词、代词或动名词作宾语；也 可接（that）引导的宾语从句，但宾语从句中只能用“should+动词原形”，其 中 should可以省略。例如： Robert suggested the plan for Peter． I suggest doing the experiment in another day． Tom suggested that we（should） come on time that day． Mother suggested that her daughter have a good rest． 当 suggest作“显示”解时，从句中的谓语动词可用其它时态。例如： The report suggests that the business is improving．报告显示生意正逐步转好。 【练习设计】 改错 1．Can I ask you for some advices？ A B C D 2．Ask for her if she could help me work out the problem． A B C D 3．He got very angry． That’s why his son broke the window of a A B C supermarket while playing football． D 4．He didn’t feel alone when he was left at home alone． A B C D 5．Have you considered to get him to return home earlier？ A B C D 014 Lessons 54＆55 【目标与要求】 一、单词与词组 1）make friends with… 2）hear from sb． 3）make fun of… 4）junior middle school 5）get along（well／badly） with… 6）spend time alone 7）have a problem 8）spend part of winter vacation 9）invite sb）home 10）tell lies11． try one’s best 12）be friendly（to） 13）be friends with… 14）laugh at… 15）keep quiet 16）a reply to… 17）write to… 18）lose a friend 19）stop doing 20）a place of interest 二、句型 1）I’m not enjoying it at all． 2）I thought it was going to be fun． 3）I am shorter than anyone else． 4）I used to get along well with my consin． 5）It’s wrong of the other children to make funof you． 6）Don’t worry about being short． 7）You are fine just as you are． 8）It’s better to lose a friend than to do this． 三、语法 过去将来时。 【讲解设计】 一、篇章结构 本文由四封书信组成，包括两组来信和两封回信。其中第一组来信和回信是 第一封和第三封信，第二组是第二封和第四封信。 第一组来信的题目应是“How do I make new friends？”译作“我应该怎样 结交新朋友？” 中心思想 1．The writer feels lonely and unhappy in the new school and wants to know how to get along with the new classmates．So he turns to Amy for help．Amy thinks it’s wrong of his classmates to make fun of him and he needn’ tfeel sad for that． She also advises him to look fora kind and friendly person to be friends with． 第二组来信的题目应是“Shall I tell？”译作“我该说吗？” 2．The writer has a problem and writes to Amy for advice．His cousin always tells lies，so he doesn’t want to spend the winter vacation with his cousin． But he isn’t sure if he shouldtell him the truth． Amy thinks he shouldn’t getalong with him together unless his cousin stops telling lies．She also advises him to have a goodtalk with his cousin and tell him his own idea． 二、单词和词组 1．get along（well／badly） with sb． get along with sb．意思是“（与某人）相处”。在 along后可加副词修饰， 表示“相处得如何”。 “与某人相处融洽”可以说 get along well with sb．，“与某人很难相处” 可以说 get along badly with sb．。这里 along也可以用 on代替。例如： —How are you getting along with your mother-in-law？ —We’re getting along／on very well／nicely． I can’t get along with／on the old man any longer．He’s always a bit strange in behaviour． get along with sth．则表示“某事进展／进行”。同样可以用 on代替 along。 例如： —How’s your work getting along／on？ —I’m getting along／on very slowly with it． The project is getting along／on much better than before now． 注意：当询问“（与某人）相处”或“（某事）进展”时，谓语动词常用 进行时。 2．tell lies tell lies或 tell a lie意思是“撒谎”，相当于动词 lie（lied，lied，lying）。其 对应词组是 tell the truth“说实话”。例如： He never tells a lie before teachers andparents． Stop telling a lie／lying．Tell me the truth． 3．try one’s best try one’s best意思是“尽力”，相当于 do one’s best。后面接动词不定式。 例如： He tried his best to make the baby laugh． You should try your best to improve your spoken English． 4．be friendly to 表示“对……友好”，这里 friendly是形容词，它的构成是“名词 （friend）+后缀 ly”。类似的构成还有： love n．＋ ly——lovely adj．可爱的 man n．＋ ly—— manly adj．男人般的 father n．+ly——fatherly adj．父亲般的 注意：“形容词+后缀 ly”构成的词通常是副词。例如： careful adj．＋ly— carefully adv．仔细地 warm adj．＋ly— warmly adv．温暖地 5． be friends with… be friends with…意思是“和某人是／做朋友”， make friends with sb． “和某人交朋友”。注意 friend不能用单数形式。例如： They’ve been close friends for years． He made friends with a Canadian girl lastyear． 6．write to… write to sb．通常译作“写信给某人”，而“收到某人（回）信”常说成 hear from sb．或 receive aletter（back）from sb．。例如： I wrote to him last week， but till now Ihaven’t received a letter back（from him）． 7．stop doing stop doing sth．表示“停止（正在）干的事”，stop to do sth．则表示“停 下（原来干的事）开始去干另一件事”。注意将二者区别开来。例如： After having a rest， he stopped to work onhis computer． You look rather tired．You’d better stopworking at once． 8．a place of interest a place of interest是固定搭配，意思是“名胜”，注意这里 interest没有复 数形式。例如： Since June， he has visited many places ofinterest in China． Do you know the most famous place of interest in America？ 三、句型 1． I’m not enjoying it at all． at all作“完全、根本、丝毫”解，用于否定句中，以加强语气。例如： He isn’t interested in science at all． I don’t care the result of the thing at all． at all也可用于疑问句中，表示“究竟”，以加强语气。 Where have you been at all？你究竟去过什么地方？ at all还可用于条件状语从句中，表示“既然，果真”，以加强语气。例如： Do it well if you do it at all．既然要做这件事，就要把他做好。 2．It’s wrong of the other children to makefun of you． It’s wrong of sb．to do sth．表示“某人做某事是错误的”。这里 it是形式 宾语，真正主语是后置的动词不定式短语 to do sth．，而 sb．则是不定式短语 的逻辑主语。例如： It’s very kind of you to help me a lot． 帮了我这么多，你真是太好了。 It’s right of you to stay in the motherlandto work for it． 留在祖国并为之工作，你做得对。 3．Don’t worry about being short． worry about意思是“为……发愁 ／担心”，后面接名词、代词或V－ing形 式作宾语，这里 being short正是动名词短语作介词宾语。例如： He’s afraid of being made fun of． 他害怕被人嘲笑。 You needn’t worry about making a mistake．It doesn’t matter． 4．It’s better to lose a friend than to do this． 这里不定式 to lose a friend和 to do this是两个对应的相比较部分。注意比较 状语从句中，相比较的内容应该前后形式相对应，即名词对应名词，不定式对 应不定式，动名词则对应动名词等，不能混用。例如： It’s easier said than done． Doing is usually better than waiting． 做通常比等待好。 四、语法 过去将来时 1）过去将来时的基本形式是 would do或was／were going to do．。在英国 英语中，第一人称用 should，第二、三人称用would；在美国英语中，would可 用于任何人称。 2）过去将来时表示对过去某一时间而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态，它 是一种相应的时态，总是同某一过去的时间或过去的动作相对应而存在。常见于 主句谓语动词是一般过去时的宾语从句中。例如： I thought I would make a lot of friends． They told me that they would go to America for the coming holidays． 3）was／were＋ going to do结构不仅表示过去将要发生的动作或状态，它 还有原来打算或准备做的意思。例如： They said they were going to have the school sports meeting in June． He asked if I was going to start for Guangzhou next Monday． 4）would+ 动词原形还可以表示过去的习惯动作，和 used to同义。例如： They would go swimming in the river every summer when they were young． He would make the same mistake in the last two exams． 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、单词辨音 1．recently A．suggest B．consider C．secret D．because 2．measure A．beancurd B．leave C．break D．breakfast 3．music A．success B．stupid C．sure D．fun 4．reply A．lovely B．biology C．your D．sky 5．weighed A．considered B．piked C．handed D．pushed 二、单词拼写 1．He’s made great progress（进步）in study r____． 2． He s____ to me giving up the unfinished work that day． 3． He m____this daughter’s bedroom carefully in order to buy a right－sized bed for her． 4．Do you have a f____class every day？ 5．He never forgot the first e____ his chemistry teacher did on the first day of the new term． 6．Don’t worry about your i____．It’s nothing serious． 7． Bob wanted to buy a new computer and his friend a____ him to buy a more modern one． 8．M____ of the students like playing this game． 9．I wrote to Mr．John last week， but I haven’t got a r____． 10．—What do you call your uncle’s or aunt’s son？ —“C____”． 三、用下列词或词组的适当形式填空 be tired of， consider，worry about，invite，used to， get along with， laugh at，try one’s best， be friends with， tell lies 1．—How are you____ your research（n．研究）？ —Very well． Thank you． 2．He came to the party without____． 3．We____doing the same boring work． 4．There____ be a lot of Milu deer in Ming and Qing periods in China． 5．Once you decide to do the work， you must____． 6．They’ve____each other for nearly twenty years． 7．Don’t make friends with those who____． 8．Have you____changing another house？This one is a bit small and old． 9． Don’t____ others in public．It will hurt their self－confidence． 10．Mum was____ her son because he hadn’ t come back yet till now． 四、选择填空 1．At first I considered him____ my best frieds， but later it changed． A． was B．Be C．Being D． to Be 2．They gave me____ on my work． A．some gooD aDviCe B．some good advices C．a good advice D．an advice 3．No one likes to____． A．make fun of B．be made fun C．to be laughedat D．to laugh at 4．I’m____ all day’ s work． I’m Considering____ for a holiday． A． tired of；going out B． tired of；to go out C．tiring of；going out D．tiring of；to go out 5．The earthquake____ at midnight， so many people die in it． A．Broke into B．Broke out C．Broke away D．Broke in 6．The result suggests that she____ her Best to stu Dy English since then． A．has tried B．try C．tried D．shouldtry 7．Her father preferred____ to____ TV． A．fish…watch B．to fish…watch C．fishing… watch D．fishing… watching 8．Is this the dictionary____？ A． you asked B．you asked for C．for which you asked D． you asked for it 9．He said they____ at once if everyone was there． A． started B． would start C．starting D．had started 10．He knew that she was sad____ what he had said． A． because B．because of C．of D．as a result 五、完成句子 1．他考虑在春节期间邀请他最好的朋友来他家。 He____ ____ his best friend home during the Spring Festival． 2．Alice建议我和他表哥再谈一谈。 Alice____ that____ ____ ____another talk with his cousin． 3．他是个极易相处的人。 It’s easy____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____． 4．我对你所给的答案一点都不满意。 I’m____ ____ ____satisfied with____ ____． 5．你就这样停止写作是错误的。 It’s____ ____ you to stop____ like this． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 六、阅读理解 Visitors to Britain are always complaining about English food．But they do not really know what they are talking about because they rarely get a chance to eat it．Most of the restaurants in large towns have foreign owners and serve foreign food． When visitors are invited to eat in an English home，theirhosts often feel they must offer them something foreign and exotic（奇特的）．Those of us who do know English food are aware that at its best it can be really very good．On the other hand it is true to say that it is sometimes terrible．Part of the problem is that we are not really interested in food we eat to live， we do not live to eat． So we don’t generally spend the necessary time and effort needed to cook really good meals． We prefer food that is simple and easy to cook， or ready prepared food which only needs heating up before eating． You can find that best English food in the country away from the large towns， where life is slower and people are not in such a hurry．But，of course， most visitors come to London．They come because they are interested in shopping and sightseeing （观光）．They do not come because of the food，so why should they complain about it？ 1． The writer thinks_______． A． people don’t like English food B．people don’t often eat English food C．people who travel to Britain eat English food in English homes D．people who travel to Britain don’t know abut English food 2．When English people have guests they _______． A．think it is better to cook some unusual food B．prefer to take their guests to restaurants C．have to serve the food their guests are used to having D．prefer to serve them English food 3．The writer thinks that we_______． A．are realy interested in food—we live to eat，we do not eat to live B．are really not interested in food—we do not eat to live，we live to eat C．are really not interested in food—we eat to live， we do not live to eat D． are really interested in food—we eat to live， we live to eat 4．People like to cook_______． A． in a complicated（复杂的） way B．with only fresh vegetables C．some typical English food D．in a quick easy way 5．The last sentence suggests________． A．the criticism（批评） of English food by visitors is unfair B．it is possible to find good English food in towns but it takes time to find C．as well as food people also come to shopping and sightseeing D．if people complain about English food， they will get better food 014 Lesson 56 【目标与要求】 一、听力 Learning English 二、写作 如何写回信。 【讲解设计】 一、听力 1）阅读题头说明，了解听力材料的主题，第一遍听录音时，注意它所提及 的和英语学习相关的几方面技能。 2）第二遍听录音前，先阅读所列建议，看看每个部分词条。是关于提高英 语学习哪一方面技能的建议，做到先心中有数，然后听录音时才能有的放矢， 驾轻就熟。 二、写作 关于写回信的格式请参见 Lesson 4 的写作讲解。 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、听力 完成下列表格。 There’s an interview between a writer and an interviewer．It’s about the past of the writer．What did the writer do？ 二、书面表达 你的朋友 Linda写信给你。在信中她说，因为她的英语口语中有很重的地方 口音，同学们都嘲笑她。为此，她很苦恼。她想改正，希望你能给她提些建议。 在你的回信中，你认为同学嘲笑她是不对的，她不必为此而烦恼；同时， 你认为她如果想提高英语口语，就必须课后多练习，你建议她买一些英语磁带 去模仿，并尽可能经常收听一些英语节目。 最后你相信她一定会取得成功。