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Unit 13 Albert Einstein Lesson 49 【目标与要求】 一、交际用语 1）Is it Abraham Lincoln？ 2）It must be him/her． 二、单词和词组 1）compare notes 2）do a word puzzle 3）in this newspaper 4）communism 5）fit 【讲解设计】 一、交际用语 1．Is it Abraham Lincoln？ 是亚伯拉罕·林肯吗？ 这里 it是代词，指心目中或上下文中的人或事物。例如： —Who is it？谁呀！ —It’s me，Tom．是我，汤姆。 He is fifty，but doesn’t look it． 他看上去不像一个五十岁的人。 That’s it．就是这么回事。 2．It must be him/her．一定是他/她。 must此处表示猜测，意思是“一定”。它的否定式为 can’t（不可能）。例 如： Judging by the smell，the food must be good．根据气味可以判断食物一定不 错。 The tall man is wearing thick glasses．He can’t be Mr Smith．那个高个子男 人戴着镜片很厚的眼镜，他不可能是史密斯先生。 二、单词和词组 1．compare notes compare notes表示“对笔记、交换意见/看法、谈论”等意思。例如： Mother and Mrs Parker like to compare notes about cooking．妈妈爱和帕克夫 人谈论做菜。 After Comparing notes，we found it possible to finish the work abead of time． 经过交换意见，我们发现提前完成工作是可能的。 2．do a word puzzle猜一个字谜 1）这里 do意思是“解决、找出答案”。例如：do a maths problem解一道数 学题，do a sum算一笔数字 2）a word puzzle意思是“一个字谜”。这里的 puzzle是名词，意为“难题、 谜、复杂难懂的事；迷惑、困惑”等。例如： This is really a puzzle to me． 这对我来说着实是个难题。 另外，puzzle还可作为动词，译为“使……迷惑，使……为难”。例如： The murder case continued to puzzle thepolice．这桩谋杀案仍使警察迷惑不 解。 注意区别：puzzling意思是“使人迷惑的”，puzzled意思是“感到迷惑 的”。 3． in this newspaper在这张报纸上 注意介词 in的使用，指内容印在报纸上。 newspaper为可数名词，可用 this等修饰。例如： You will find printed in a newspaper infor-mation about recent events，together with pic-tures，advertisements，etc．最近所发生的大事要闻连同图片及广告等， 你都能在报纸上找到。 4．communism共产主义 词尾的 ism为后缀，意为“主义”。例如：Marxism马克思主义；socialism 社会主义 5．fit适合，符合，合适 这里的 fit是动词，意思是“适合、吻合”。另外，fit还有“使符合、安装” 等意思。如： The dress fitted her nicely． 这套裙子穿在她身上太合适了。 I want you to fit this shelf on to that wall． 我要你把这个架子装到墙上去。 fit还可以作形容词，意思是“合适，适合；健康，身体好”等。例如： It would be months before he was fit forwork．好几个月后他才胜任他的工作。 He is fit enough to run twice that distance． 他身体很好，这段路能跑个来回。 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、单词拼写 1．Our ultimate aim（最终目标）is the realization of c____． 2．P____by his problem，I didn’t know how to answer． 3．In the office we were so busy that we had little chance to c____notes． 4．Hitler was a cruel r____．Under his r____，the Jews suffered greatly． 5．As we all know Edison was an i____． 6．This theory has been s____explained． 7．He is p____ of History at my sister’s university． 8．You may have complete f____ of action in dealing with the matter；do exactly what you thinkbest． 9．Clinton is the p____of the USA，but before a judge he is only an American citizen． 10．The twentieth c____is 1901 to 2000． 二、选用下列词语的适当形式填空 free，communist，compare，Germany，slave，improve，puzzle 1．Please____your translation with the model translation on the blackboard． 2．The situation was more____than ever．We couldn’t make a decision whether we would stay orleave for Hong kong． 3．He is a____Party member． 4．How we can____our Endlish is something we need to disuss． 5．Albert Einstein was born in____and spent the last part of his life in the USA．Tell me whetherhe was a____or an American． 6．Lincoln was the American president who fought for the____of____． 三、补全对话 A： 1 B：Yes．2 A：I want to visit a patient here． B：Well，who will you want to visit？ A： 3 I only know Mary，his daughter． B：Mm．Is he an American or a Canadian？ A：American． B：Is he an old man or a middle-aged？ A：Middle-aged，about 45 years old． B： 4 A：Yes．5 B ：He left here yesterday． A．I don’t know his name． B．Who is he？ C．Excuse me．Is this the Reference Desk（查询台）？ D．Where is he？ E．I’m sorry to trouble． F．What can I do for you？ G．Is he wearing his hair long？ Lesson 50～51 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 1）all through his life 2）be content to do 3）lead to 4）the Nobel Prize for physics 5）live the rest of his life quietly 6）besides/except 7）be missing/lost 8）be full of 9）prove 10）work out 11）stick to 12）be greatly respected as the leading scientist 13）therefore 14）take sides in 二、句型 1）He found it hard to get along with the otherboys． 2）To earn enough money to continue his stud-ies，he… 3）It is/was said/reported that… 4）Such was Albert Einstein… 5）It appears/seems（to be）that… 三、语法 重点掌握主语从句、表语从句等。 【讲解设计】 一、篇章结构 1．中心思想 The text tells us something about Albert E-instein-a simple man with great achievements．He had wide interests and was good at thinking．He loved peace and held firmly to the truth．Hecared little for fame or wealth．He was carefulwith his studies．He made great contributions tothe advances of mankind and to the developmentof science．He was and is respected all over theworld． 2．段落大意 The whole text can be divided into 5 parts： Part 1（Para．1） Einstein’s birth and his character． Part 2（Para．2～5） Einstein s education and his achievementsin physics． Part 3（Para．6） Einstein’s inerests and his death． Part 4（Para．7～8） Einstein’s new scientific discovery． Part 5（Para 9～10） Einstein’s attitude（态度）towards warsand the reason for his moving to the USA． 二、单词和词组 1．be content to do，be content with愿意/乐意做某事 content在这里是形容词，意思是“甘愿的，满意的”。例如： I should be well content to do so．我很愿意这样做。（注意这里的“很”不能 用 very，应用well） The teacher is content with the results ofthe monthly exam．老师对月考成绩很 满意。 2． lead to lead to有“引起，导致，造成”等意思。其中 to为介词，后接名词或动词 ing。例如：Too much work and too little rest oftenleads to illness．过度的劳累加上 太少的休息常使人得病。 3． live/lead a… life 从原文“安度晚年”中得出 lead/live a…life这个短语，意为“过着……生 活”。如：live adog’s life过着牛马不如的生活。类似的动词后跟一个同源宾语 的结构还有：smile a sweetsmile，dream a terrible dream，die a heroic death等等。 4．besides/except除……之外 besides是“除……之外还有”表示在原基础上增加。如： Besides English，we learn other subjects． except表示从整体中去除。如： We all went there except him．（他没去）。 except for表示除了主体中的一部分，多有不圆满之意。例如： The letter is good except for some spellingmistakes． 5．miss/lose miss作动词有“想念，错过，过失”之意，如：miss his mother，miss the 6：30 train miss常表示“发觉/现某物遗失”。着重于主观上的感觉；lose常指失去后 不再拥有。miss多用于错过机会或误车；lose用于迷路。 missing为形容词，意为“失去的，找不到的”。例如：missing persons，a book with twopages missing 6．be full of=be filled with满是…… The childen are always full of excitement atthe thought of their holiday．想到要 度假，孩子们总是兴奋不己。 The streets are filled with people on Sun-days．星期天，街道都挤满了人。 7．prove prove作行为动词，意为“证明，证实”，其后可跟名词、代词、从句、复合 结构，并可用于被动语态；作连系动词，意为“证明，结果是”，后跟形容词、 副词、介词短语、名词或不定式 to be。例如： Time would prove me right． 时间会证明我是对的。 He proved（to be）an honest friend． 事实证明他是一个诚实的朋友。 8．work out想出（办法）；算出；制作 work out意思是“算出、解出、拟出”。它的宾语可放在 out的后面或前面。若 宾语为代词，只能放 out前。如：work it out 9．stick to stick to意为“坚持”，多用于“坚持原则、计划”等 ；insist on也是“坚 持”，多用于“坚持看法、意见”等。 10．therefore therefore是副词，虽意思为“所以”，但不能像 so那样来引导从句。它在句 中的位置较灵活，但常用逗号把它点开。如：1）It rained．Therefore the game was called off．2）He injuredhis leg and therefore could not play in the game． 三、句型 1．He found it hard to get…他觉得很难…… 这里 it为形式宾语，hard形容词充当宾补，to get…不定式短语作 found的 真正宾语。 2．To earn enough money to continue his studies， he…为了挣足够的钱来继续学业，他…… 这里的 to相当于 in order to，意思是“为了……”，是不定式短语充当目的 状语。 3．It is/was said/reported that…据说/据报道…… 这里 it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。全句相当于 Someone says/said/reportsthat…，可译为“据说……，有人说……，据报道……”。 4．Such was Albert Einstein，… 爱因斯坦就是这样的人…… 这里 such为代词，意为“这，这些”，一般指代上文中所提到的事物，其 谓语动词的数要视所提事情的情况而定。例如： Such was the situation we were facing． Such are the achievements． 5．It appears/seems that…看来/似乎 1）句中 appears/seems稍有区别，试比较。 He appears（to be）over sixty．（外表看上去老，但不一定） He seems（to be）over sixty．（往往有根据，确实老） 2）注意：It seems that he is old．=Heseems to be old． 四、语法 英语中把作用相当于名词的从句统称为名词性从句，主语从句只是其中之 一，还有表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句等。主语从句常用 that，whether（不用 if），what，which，who，when，where，why，how等引导，位置一般放句首。 有时为避免头重脚轻，用 it作形式主语，把真正的主语从句放在后面。主语从句 的语序与宾语从句一样，为陈述语序。 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、单词辨音 1．professor A．protect B．project（n．） C．communist D．programme 2．prove A．human B．Jew C．education D．progress 3．advanced A．ruled B．respected C．played D．washed 4．mathematics A．maths B．mouths C．peace D．breathe 5．scientific A．Einstein B．area C．quiet D．biology 6．fuel A．fiercely B．huge C．Europe D．future 二、单词拼写 1．Teachers in the developed countries are r____by people of all walks of life． 2．He once taught us a____mathematics． 3．About twenty percent of the people in that village are well e____． 4．Education should go with the development of modern science and t____． 5．We love p____，but we are not afraid of war． 6．The d____of America made people believe that the earth was round． 7．People all over the world hope to live in p____． 8．The book sells well not only in China but also in foreign countries，so we say the book has w____sales． 9．We should never c____ourselves with book knowledge only． 10．He is an engineer and was once a part-time teacher．And now he is a t____adviser in that facto-ry． 三、选择填空 1．One should always____his promise． A．insist on B．keep to C．stick to D．persist in 2．He is only in his early forties，but he____more than sixty． A．seems B．appears C．likes D．is 3．The theory that he had stuck____true． A．to proved B．proved C．to proving D．to prove 4．The girl worked day and night____and a lot of money． A．gained B．won C．received D．earned 5．—Your uncle is already here． —Oh，I____he____until tomorrow． A．don’t think…is coming B．didn’t think… will come C．thought… wasn’t coming D．didn′t think… was coming 6．On his birthday he____a lot of presents，but he didn’t____them all． A．received，receive B．accepted，accept C．received，accept D．accepted，receive 7．It remained a question____head____Beijing for a holiday． A．that we should…to B．when we should…for C．that we should… for D．when should we…to 8．He is the only one of the pianists who____visit Vienna next month． A．is to B．are to C．will be to D．used to 9．There are many roads____the railway station． A．led to B．leading C．which leading to D．that lead to 10．There were three more visitors____me． A．except B．besides C．beside D．except for 11．The reason____I burst into tears is____I don’t want to part with my mother． A．why…that B．that…that C．that…why D．why…why 12．The job____，they went home． A．did B．doing C．to be done D．having been done 四、改错（每句一错） 1．On this time next year you ought to have a very good knowledge of English． 2．They find that hard to deal with him． 3．My carelessness leads to lose my key in mid course． 4．If light travels through space in a straight line puzzles them． 5．That was the one what I wanted． 6．The poor old woman was seen beg in a street corner． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 五、完形填空 Henry’s job was to examine cars which crossed the frontier（边境）to make sure that they werenot smuggling（走私）anything into the country．Every evening except at weekends，he 1 see afactory worker coming up the hill towards the frontier，pushing a bicycle with a big load of old straw（稻草）on it．When the bicycle 2 the frontier，Henry used to stop the man and 3 him takethe straw off and untie it．Then he would examine the straw very carefully to see 4 could findanything，after which he would look in all the man’s pockets 5 he let him 6 the straw a-gain．The man would then put it on his bicycle and go off down the hill with it．Although Henry wasalways 7 to find gold or jewellery or other valuable things 8 in the straw，he never found 9 ，even though he examined it very carefully．He was 10 that the man was smugglingsomething，but he was not 11 to imagine what it could be． Then one evening，after he had looked 12 the straw and 13 the factory worker’s pock-ets 14 usual，he said to him，“Listen．I know that you are smuggling things 15 this frontier．Won’t you tell me 16 you’re bringing into the country so successfully？I’m an old man，and to-day’s my 17 day on the job．Tomorrow I’m going to retire（退休）．I promise that I shall not tell 18 if you tell me what you’ve been smuggling．”The factory worker did not say anything for 19 ．Then he smiled， 20 Henry and said quietly，“Bicycles”． 1．A．should B．would C．must D．might 2．A．came B．arrived C．reached D．got 3．A．force B．order C．make D．call 4．A．that B．where C．how D．whether 5．A．first B．before C．so D．as 6．A．put B．tie C．get D．have 7．A．wanting B．managing C．lucky D．expecting 8．A．hidden B．hide C．hid D．hiding 9．A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing 10．A．sure B．not sure C．likely D．doubt 11．A．possible B．clever C．able D．be able 12．A．across B．through C．upon D．on 13．A．tore B．turned C．pulled D．emptied 14．A．like B．as C．then D．more 15．A．cross B．past C．across D．into 16．A．what it is that B．it is what that C．what is it that D．that what it is 17．A．only B．last C．the last D．last one 18．A．anyone B．no one C．everyone D．someone 19．A．long time B．ages C．some time D．moment 20．A．turned to B．turned C．looked D．faced to 六、阅读理解 Dosage：Adults sixteen years old and over take three tablets as needed，not to exceed（超过）twelve tablets per day．Children seven years old to sixteen years old take half the adult dosage，not toexceed six tablets per day． Warning：Do not take more than the recommended（推荐）dosage unless directed by a physician．Do not give to children under seven years old，or to individuals with stomach disorder，heart disease orhigh blood pressure．This preparation may cause headaches and drowsiness．Do not operate machinerywhile taking this medication．If relief does not occur within five days，discontinue use and consult yourphysician，for chronic cough can be dangerous． 1．According to the directions，some of the side-effects of this medicine may be____ A．stomach disorder，heart disease and high blood pressure． B．chronic cough． C．headaches and drowsiness． D．very dangerous． 2．A．A ten－year-old child should take____ A．three tablets each time． B．twelve tablets per day． C．one tablet and a half each time． D．not even one single tablet． 3．If this preparation does not help within five days，an adult patient should____ A．stop taking it and see a doctor． B．take twelve tablets each time． C．double the usual dosage． D．take half the usual dosage． 4．The underlined word “dosage”means____． A．剂量 B．用量 C．服 法 D．功能 5．Which of the following is NOT true？ A．An adult person here is sixteen years old or over． B．Someone under seven years of age should not take this preparation． C．Someone who has a cough or a cold should not take this preparation． D．An adult should take three pills at a time and four times a day． Lesson 52 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 1）advance 2）further education 3）technical school 4）Thank you for… 5）dangerous 6）help her with her arithmetic problem 二、听力 抓住采访的主要内容，完成练习。 三、写作 1）一般要求：按课本上 P．6的改写要求，就课文中涉及的内容介绍爱因 斯坦的生平。可以选取其中的一两个侧面进行叙述。 2）较高要求：初步习得记叙文（记人）的写法，完成一篇记人的提示作文。 【讲解设计】 一、单词和词组 1．advance 推进，促进，前进 China’s industrial technology is advancingto over-higher levels．中国的工业 技术向着越来越高的水平发展。 advanced是形容词，意思是“高级的，先进的”。如：an advanced teacher 先进教师，ad-vanced mathematics 高等数学 2．Thank you for…谢谢你的…… 这里 for为介词，后跟名词或动词 ing。 Thank you for your stamps． Thank you for sending me the card． 另：for的这种用法还有 be sorry for等。如：I’m sorry for being late． 3．dangerous 危险的 区别：The tiger is dangerous． The child is in danger． danaerous指本身对人构成危险，译成“危险的”；而 be in danger则表示 “处在危险中”。 二、听力 1）先扫清 Princeton，arithmetic，Jew等生词障碍。 2）听第一遍先处理练习三，重点先找出记者的六个问题。 3）听第二遍前先测览练习一和练习二中的问题，带着问题去听。 4）听第三遍核查练习答案。 三、写作 1）理清要点，选取能说明问题的要点，然后就某一问题进行叙述。 2）记已故人物的事，时态用过去时。 【练习设计】 一、听力（听录音选出能回答问题的正确答案） 1．A．To get her bag． B．To buy butter． C．To buy a schoolbag． 2．A．To a party． B．To the theatre． C．To the cinema． 3．A．With a high salary． B．With low salary． C．An interesting one 4．A．Green faces． B．Modern art． C．Modern painters． 5．A．She enjoyed it． B．She disliked it． C．She didn’t like it at first． 二、书面表达（根据下表写一篇 100个单词左右的记叙文）