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Unit 11 Hurricane！ 一、教学目标与要求 了解飓风造成的巨大危害，学习过去分词作宾语补足语的用法，是本单元 的教学重点。通过对话课的学习与操练，学生复习表示焦虑的日常用语和应答， 并且能准确、熟练地运用到模拟交际的会话中；在理解两篇阅读课文的基础上， 学生能用自己组织的语言，介绍飓风在英国所造成的破坏，并能对灾情有较为 详尽的描述；掌握过去分词作宾语补足语的用法；正确完成练习册安排的练习。 二、教学重点与难点 1．重点词汇 anxious；expect；likely；strike；awake；warn；warning； block；altogeth-er；broadcast；be anxious about；as well as；push over；bring down；call in；take the place of；clear away 2．重要句型 1）If the hurricane had happened during the daytime，there would have been many more deaths．2）Fifteen million trees had been blown down by the high winds，blocking roads，paths and railway lines．3）They worked long hours for several weeks before everything returned to normal． 3．语法 过去分词作宾语补足语（The Past Participle as Object Complement）1）She had her house repaired．2）Later on the centre had a large number of new trees planted．3）They are going to get their telephone put in．4）In the morning people woke up and found the world outside their houses completely changed．5）Many towns and villages had their water supply cut off because there was no electricity． 4．日常交际用语 表示焦虑（Expressing anxiety）1）Good heavens！There you are！2）Is there anything the matter？3）We were getting worried．4）We’ve been anxious about you．We were expecting you back much earlier．5）There’s no need to be worried．We’re both fine．6）We’ve just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely to come．That’s why we were getting anxious about you． 三、课型 （一）对话课 Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．教师通过向学生提出下列问题导入本课： Do you know anything about typhoon that often happens in the southeast coast of Chi-na？ Can you tell us the damage typhoon does to the buildings and the people living in that area？ Today we’ll learn something about another kind of very strong storm，that is，hurri-cane． 由学生讨论以上问题，引出有关飓风的话题。 2．准备放对话录音。借助投影片打出以下听前提问：1）Why are the parents very wor-ried？2）What’s the matter with Jane’s foot？ 放录音一至两遍，请学生回答上述问题，教师予以必要订正。 Key：1）A hurricane is likely to come，but Jane and Pippa haven’t got home yet．That’s why they are getting very worried．2）Jane’s shoe has been pressing against her foot，so it hurts a lot． 根据本课对话内容，教师再提出一些问题，检查学生的理解程度。 1）Why couldn’t Jane and Pippa get across the river？2）Why did they get so wet and dirty？3）When did it start to rain？4）What was fortunate for Jane and Pippa？5）What have the parents just heard from the radio？ Key：1）Jane and Pippa couldn’t get across the river because the floods had washed away the bridge．2）They had to walk across some very wet ground，and they got quite wet and dirty．3）When they climbed over some rocks it started to rain．4）They could see where they were going and that was fortunate for them．Otherwise they might have lost their way．5）They have just heard from the radio that a hurricane is likely to come． 3．再次放对话录音，学生跟读。将学生分为四人一组练习对话。数分钟后， 请两三组同学到前面表演。 教师指导学生归纳本课中有关表示焦虑（Expressing anxiety）的常用语句 （见日常交际用语部分）。 4．要求学生将本课对话改写为一篇短文，重点描述 Jane和 Pippa寻路回家 的经过，教师可给予必要的提示。 提示语（用投影仪打出）：1）can’t get across the river 2）walk across wet ground 3）climb over rocks；start to rain 4）take them a long time to get over rocks 将首句给出：When Jane and Pippa reached the riverside they could not get across，be-cause the bridge had been washed away by the floods． 要求学生根据对话，参照老师所给提示及首句编写短文，当堂要求学生完 成。数分钟后，请几位同学朗读自己的短文，教师予以讲评。 Model： When Jane and Pippa reached the riverside they could not get across，because the bridge had been washed away by the floods．They had to find another way and walked across very wet ground．When they climbed over some rocks，it started to rain．Fortunately they could see where they were going．It took them a long time to get over the rocks and when they got home，it was already very late． 5．为学生提供几个情景，启发同学运用对话中所出现的表示焦虑的语言编 中新的对话。 Situation1：Your school had a sports meet today．During the relay race，a classmate of yours got hurt and you and some other students took him to the hospital．But you did not make a phone call to your home and your parents got worried．When you reached home late in the evening，your parents asked you where you had been．Make a dialogue about this situ－ation． Situation2：You and your friend have decided to see a play and your friend promisea to meet you at the gate of the theatre at 6．The play begins at 6∶30．It’s now nearly 7 o’clock，but still your friend hasn’t turned up yet．Later he arrives and you ask him the reason．Make a dialogue between you two． 学生可任选其中之一情景编小对话。数分钟后，请同学表演对话，教师给予 讲评。 6．布置作业 1）预习第 42、43课；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。 （二）阅读理解课（Ⅰ） Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．检查生词及短语。 2．准备阅读课文。教师给出读前提问：1）How many people lost their lives in the hurri-cane？2）How long did it take to clear all the roads and to mend all the broken electricity lines and telephone lines？ 教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文，之后请同学回答上述问题。 Key：1）Nineteen people lost their lives in the hurricane．2）It took weeks to clear all the roads and to mend all the broken electricity lines and telephone lines． 3．放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。教师用投影仪打出以下 statements，要 求学生判断其正误，并对错误的 statements进行修改。 1）The passage seems to suggest that the damage caused by hurricane in the night is much greater than the one during the day．2）When the hurricane came，it was autumn and the trees still had their leaves on．That was the only reason why a lot of trees were pushed down．3）In the morning people woke up and found the world outside their houses completely changed．This sentence means that the world is changing quickly．4）The strong winds not only brought down electricity lines but telephone poles as well．5）Many towns ans villages had their water supply cut off because a lot of water pipes were broken．6）The passage seems to suggest，by giving an example，that it is safer to remain in the house when hurri-cane comes． Key：1）False．（According to the passage，if the hurricane had happened during the day-time，there would have been many more deaths．）2）False． （There are some other rea－sons．One is that it had been raining heavily for two days and the ground was very wet．）3）False．（It means that the world outside had completely been destroyed by the hurri－cane．）4）False．（Electricity lines as well as telephone poles were brought down by falling trees or branches．）5）False．（They had no water supply because there was no electricity．）6）False．（The passage uses an example to show that it is not safe to remain in the house．） 4．课堂活动 1）Suppose you were one of the members of the family living in a house with very tall trees all around．Tell your experience in the hurricane in English．How strong the wind was？What decision did you make and what did you do later？ 2）Suppose you were one of the workers from other parts of Britain．You were called to travel south to help repair the dam－age．Tell what you see all around and what you do there． 学生先在小组内交流并相互启发、补充，然后请学生在班上交流，教师予以 讲评。 5．布置作业 1）复述课文，介绍飓风在英国所造成的破坏；2）完成练习 册中所安排的练习。 阅读理解课（Ⅱ） Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．通过提问温习第 42课内容：1）When did the hurricane strike the southeast of Eng－land？2）How many people died in the hurricane？3）How many trees were blown down and why was that？4）What difficulty did the people have after the hurricane？5）Was it easy for the people to repair the damage？Please explain． 2．检查课文复述。 3．准备阅读第 43课，教师给出读前提问；Read the two statements below and say whether they are true or not：1）Though woods and forests in the southeast of England were destroyed，it wouldn’t be long before the country begins to look as it did before．2）The weather report can always give the correct report on when the hurricane will arrive． 教师给学生两分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文，之后请同学回答上述问题。 Key：1）False．2）False． 放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。 4．教师用投影仪打出以下表格（表见下页），组织学生利用两篇课文中所 提供的信息填写表格，描述飓风的发生和所造成的破坏。 5．数分钟后，学生在班上交流，教师予以讲评，并鼓励学生将自己整理的 内容连成短文。 6．布置作业 1）将两课内容结合，口头描述飓风的发生和所造成的破坏； 2）完成练习册中所安排的练习。 （三）语言训练课 Ⅰ．教具 投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．教师检查课文复述。 2．教师从本单元词语中选择部分常用词语，配以例句介绍给学生。要求学 生反复练习这些例句，并请同学造句，教师予以讲评、订正。 1）anxious/be anxious about/for She was anxious to see her uncle who had just come back from his service in the army． Say something about the hurricane and the damage it caused： （斜体部分为参考答案，可不向学生展示） His parents are anxious about his grades in the exam． We are all anxious for your safe return． 2）likely Do you think it is likely to rain tonight？ One likely result of the heavy rain is the rising of the river． It isn’t likely that I should accept such an offer as that． Most likely she will stay at home the whole day． 3）warn/warning The people of the town were warned of the danger of flooding． The doctor warned him not to drink．（The doctor warned him against drinking．） His heart attack was a warning to him not to work so hard． 4）strike Strike while the iron is hot． The tower of the church was struck by lightning． It was one o’clock but the clock struck thirteen times． 5）push over There were so many people watching the game that several children were pushed over by the crowd． 6）block I’m afraid you can’t leave this Place，for all the roads are blocked by snow． The place you are looking for is three blocks along the street． 7）as well as It is important for you as well as for me． John can speak Chinese as well as Japanese． 8）bring down The government has done a great deal to bring down the price． The headmaster made a wonderful speech which brought down the house． 9）take the place of Electric trains have now taken the place of steam trains in many countries． 10）clear away The headmaster said that we must clear away such ideas among the students． The clouds cleared away and the sun came out． 3．书面表达练习 中文提示（用投影片打出）：1）一夜突来大风，刮倒大树；2）11点了， 李磊去夜校未归，家长着急；3）半小时后，风停，雨还下，家长欲寻，李磊归； 4）李磊解释：路断，桥毁，另寻别路；5）遇清路武警，李磊也参加劳动。 英文提示（用投影片打出）：a storm；blow down；be anxious about；block the roads；wash away；armed police；call in；clear away the roads 将首句及结束语给出：One summer night there suddenly was a storm．…On the way they saw some armed police who had been called in to clear the roads．They joined them． 七八分钟后，请几位同学朗读自己的短文，教师予以讲评。 One possible version： One summer night there suddenly was a storm．The wind was so strong that many tall trees were blown down．It was eleven o’clock already，but Li Lei，who had gone to night school，was still not back and his parents were very anxious about him． Half an hour later，the wind stopped．But it was still raining．When Li Lei’s parents were about to look for him，he came back． Li Lei explained that the strong wind had blown down many big trees as well as tele－phone poles，which had blocked the roads．What was worse，the bridge was washed away by the floods．Therefore his classmates and he had to find another way back．On the way they saw some armed police who had been called in to clear the roads．They joined them． 4．布置作业 1）预习第 12单元；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。 四、难句分析 1．We’ve just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely to come． 我们刚从广播里听到一则气象警报，说飓风可能要来。 从句 that a hurrincane is likely to come是warning的同位语，来进一步解释 这个warn－ing的具体内容。同位语从句通常紧跟在它所说明的名词之后，但有 时也可以被别的词语隔开，如本句的warning和从句之间被 on the radio隔开。 能够接同位语从句的名词主要有 idea，fact，news，hope，belief，thought，doubt等。例如： I have no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这儿。 We expressed the hope that they would come and visit China again．我们表示 希望他们再来中国访问。 有时学生易将同位语从句与定语从句相混淆。同位语从句是对前面的名词作 进一步解释，说明它指的是谁、是什么等。that在从句中不作任何成份；而定语 从句则是修饰前面的先行词，关系代词 that在从句中要充当句子成份（如主语、 宾语）。例如： The suggestion that we discuss the problem all over again is a good one．要我 们把这个问题再讨论一遍的建议是个好建议。（同位语从句） The suggestion that he put forward at the meeting was a good one．他在会议上 提出的建议是个好建议。（定语从句，关系代词 that在从句中作宾语） 2．If the hurricane had happened during the day-time，there would have been many more deaths．倘若飓风发生在白天，那么死亡人数会多得多。 本句使用了虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反。这时，在 if引导的虚拟条件 句中，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”，而主句用“would/could/might+过去分 词”构成。例如： She would have come if we had invited her．要是我们邀请了她，她是会来的。 （事实上我们没邀请她。） If I had left a little earlier，I would have caught the train．我要是早点动身就 赶上火车了。（事实上我动身晚了，没赶上火车。） death表示“死亡”时，是不可数名词。例如： If was a matter of life and death to them．对他们来说，这是个生死存亡的问 题。 death还可作可数名词，表示某种类型的死或多少人的死。例如： Car accidents have caused many deaths．交通事故导致多人死亡。 There have been very few deaths this year．今年的死亡人数不多。 3．In the morning people woke up and found the world outside their houses completely changed．早上人们一醒来就发现房屋外边的世界完全变了样。 在句中，found the world… completely changed是一个复合结构，即：find+ 宾语+宾语补足语。再如： When he arrived at the bank，he found the door closed．当他到达银行时，发 现门已经关了。 能和动词 find构成复合结构的除过去分词外，还有形容词、现在分词、名词、 介词短语及 to be等。例如： I find the magazine very interesting．我发现这杂志很有趣。（形容词） The doctor found some patients waiting for him．医生发现几个病人在等他。 （现在分词） You will find it a difficult book．你将发现这本书很难。（名词） I hope to find you in better spirits when we meet again．希望我们下次见面时 你的精神好一些。（介词短语） We found him to be dishonest．我们发现他不诚实。（to be） We went to her house and found her out．我们去了她家，发现她外出了。（副 词） 4．Electricity lines as well as telephone poles were brought down by falling trees or branches．树和树枝在倒落时，把电线连同电话线杆一起都刮倒了。 as well as意为：同……；和……。当它连接主语和后面的名词时，其谓语动 词要与前面的主语保持一致。在本句中，主语是 electricity lines，故谓语用复数 形式were。但请看以下例子： The teacher as well as the students likes this painting．老师和同学们都喜欢这 幅画。 Einstein as well as some other scientists was forced to leave Germany．爱因斯 坦和其他一些科学家被迫离开德国。 除 as well as之外，当主语是单数时，后面尽管接有 together with，along with，besides，except，including，in addition to等起连接作用的词语带另一主 语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。例如： Everyone else，besides his father and mother，was excited with joy at his victory．其他每一个人，和他的父母一样，都因他胜利而狂欢。 bring down意为：使倒下；弄倒。例如： Hundreds of old trees were brought down by the high winds．数以百计的大树 被大风吹倒了。 5．Many towns and villages had their water supply cut off because there was no electrici－ty．因为没有电，许多城镇和村庄都断了水。 本句中 had their water supply cut off是 have sth．done的结构。这个结构除了 表示“让某事由别人做”之外，还表示“遭到某种情况”。请比较以下例句： She is having her eyes tested．她正在（让医生）检查眼晴。 I had that door painted only last week．上周我才让人把门给油漆了一次。 以上两句中的 have sth．done．表示：让某事由别人做。 She had her watch stolen yesterday when she was doing shopping．昨天她在买 东西时，手表让别人偷走了。 Mum had her hands burned when cooking．妈妈在做饭时把手给烫了。 以上两句中的 have sth．done表示：遭到某种情况，和本单元课文中的这 个句子用法一致。 短语动词 cut off意为：切断；割掉。例如： The gas company cut off our gas supply for no reason．煤气公司无故地中断了 我们的煤气供应。 6．But it will be more than 100 years before the country begins once again to look as it did before．但是要经过 100多年后这个国家才得以恢复到以前的样子。 这是一个包含有两个状语从句的主从复合句。主句是：it will be more than 100 years，其中 it指时间；before引导的是时间状语从句，as it did before是一 个方式状语从句。as是连词，意为：同……一样；it回指上文中的 the country，did代替上文中出现的 looked，以避免重复。 本句中的连词 before意为：……（之后）才。例如： It was a long time before I got to sleep again．过了很长时间之后我才又睡着。 It would be months before he was fit for work．要过好几个月他才能胜任工作。 before作连词时，还可表示：（不多久）就；不等……就。例如： I hadn’t waited long before he came．我没等多久他就来了。 Before he could explain，be was driven out of the room．他还没有来得及解释 就被赶出了房间。