0 0 类别 : 教案

Unit 2 No smoking, please 一、教学目标与要求 通过本单元教学，学生了解吸烟的危害，以及在中国、英国等国家烟民吸烟 的现状，所产生的后果和如何采取有效措施控制吸烟；学生应能运用所学语言， 简述以上内容；通过对话课的学习与操练，学生进一步熟悉有关请求许可和应 答的语句，并能正确运用到口语和书面语中；学会使用名词性从句表达较为复 杂的思想内容，用简练的英语写出有关抵制吸烟的布告；正确完成练习册安排 的练习。 二、教学重点与难点 1．重点词汇 permission；nation；reduce；fetch；compare；therefore； remain；dislike；share；persuade；hardly；go ahead；burn down；compared to； compare…with…；give up；call for；get into the habit of； be used to 2．重要句型 1） Every year，millions of smokers die because of illnesses which are caused by smoking tobacco．2）This is good news for the tobacco companies，but bad news for the health of the nation．3）The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking．4）Why do smokers continue to smoke，even when they know that the habit may kill them or at least cause a serious illness？ 3．语法 复习宾语从句和表语从句（Noun Clauses as the Object and Predicative） 1）That means that once you start taking the drug，it is hard to stop．2）Seventy percent of the smokers say they would like to stop smoking．3）The problem with tobacco is that it contains a drug called nicotine．4）This is because each year millions of smokers die from the habit． 4．日常交际用语 请求许可和应答（Asking for permission and responses） 1）Do you mind if I smoke？2）I’m sorry，but it’s not allowed．3）Would you mind if I smoke in the office next door？4）I’m afraid all these offices are non －smoking offices．5）I wonder if I could use your phone．6）Sure．Go ahead． 三、课型 （一）对话课 Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．教师可通过以下提问导入正课：Whose parents smoke？Hands up，please. 然后，向这些同学捉问：Do you like your parents to smoke？Why／Why not？Can you say something about why smoking is bad？ 2．准备放对话录音，用投影仪打出听前提问：Where does the conversation take place？ 放录音一至两遍，请一位同学回答上述问题。 Key：The conversation takes place in Hank’s office． 3．再放录音，学生跟读一至两遍。 根据本课对话内容，教师再提出一些问题，检查学生的理解程度。 1）What does Wang Bing want to do？2）Why doesn’t Hank allow him to do so？3）Where can he go if he wants to smoke a cigarette？4）What else does he want to do？ Key：1）He wants to smoke in Hank’s office. 2）Because smoking is not allowed in the office and all the offices are non－smoking office．3）He can smoke in the entrance hall．4）He also wants to use the phone． 4．学生两个人一组，练习对话三至五分钟。教师请几组同学到前面表演。 5．教师指导学生归纳本课中所出现的有关请求许可和应答（Asking for permission and responses）的常用语句（见日常交际用语部分）。要求学生能熟 练掌握这些语句，并在编练新的对话时加以运用。 教师提供如下情景，组织学生编演新的对话： Situation 1：Student A wants to borrow a tape－recorder from the teacher’s office．They are going to have a class meeting and at the meeting they are going to play some songs of the past．The teacher promises to lend him one and shows him how to use it． Situation 2：Someone is riding his bicycle on the playground．But it’s not allowed．You go up and explain this to him．After the explanation，this boy gets off the bicycle and says he feels sorry about that． 学生可任选其中之一的情景编小对话，也可运用课本提供的情景练习编演 新的对话。数分钟后，请两组同学到前面表演，教师予以讲评。 6．布置作业 1）预习第 6课；2）完成练习册中所安排的练习。 （二）阅读理解课（Ⅰ） Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．检查生词及短语。 2．教师通过以下引导，使学生进入本课学习：We already know that smoking is a bad habit and smoking does a lot of bad to people’s health．This is true everywhere in the world，not only in China，but also in other countries，like Britain．Now we’ll see what happens to the smokers both in China and in Britain． 教师给出读前提问：1）How many Chinese people smoke according to the passage？2）How many British people die from smoking each year？ 教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文（默读），之后请同学回答上 述问题。 Key：1）About38％of the Chinese population smoke．2） About 110000 people die from smoking each year in Britain． 3．放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。教师用投影仪打出以下 statements，要 求学生判断其正误，并对错误的 statements进行修改。 1） Many Chinese smoke and most of the Chinese smokers are females．2）In Britain about 110 000 people smoke and among them there are more women．3）The Chinese govern－ment receives much money from sales of tobacco，but the smokers cost the government more money．4）One third of the world’s cigarettes are produced in China and Britain．5）Many young people are encouraged to start smoking because tobacco companies want to remain in business．6）According to the text，sales of cigarettes have been reduced quite a lot in the last ten years in Britain． Key：1）False．（89％ of smokers in China are male．）2）False．（In Britain，about 17 mil－lion people smoke．）3）True．4）False．（China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes．）5）True．6）True． 4．教师用投影仪打出以下表格，组织学生俩人一组，利用课文中所提供的 信息填写表格，描述在中国和英国吸烟所造成的问题。 （斜体部分为参考答案，可不向学生展示） 学生先在以组内交流并相互启发补充，然后教师组织学生用自己的语言描 述，要求学生尽量连贯地讲述，鼓励学生将自己整理的内容连成短文。 学生可将这两个表格中的内容进行整理，用以复述课文。 5．布置作业 1）复述课文；2）完成练习册中所安排的练习。 阅读理解课（Ⅱ） Ⅰ．教具 录音机、投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．检查课文复述。 2．准备阅读第 7课，教师给出读前提问：Why do smokers continue to smoke， even when they know that the habit may kill them or at least cause a serious illness？ 教师给学生两三分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文，之后请同学回答上述问题。 Key：Because tobacco contains a drug called nicotine，and nicotine can get one into the habit of smoking．It means that once you start smoking the drug，it is hard to stop． 放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。 3．教师用投影仪打出以下 statements，要求学生判断其正误，并对错误的 statements进行修改。 1）In Britain，83％ of the smokers have tried more than once to give up smoking．2）From the passage we know that tobacco gets one into the habit of smoking． 3）Smokers will begin to feel bad when they are without nicotine for some time．4） According to the passage，smokers do not need cigarettes．What they need is something to make them feel better，that is，nicotine． Key：1）False．（In Britain，70％ of the smokers say that they would like to stop smok-ing．And among these smokers，83％ have tried more than once to give up smoking．）2）False．（It is nicotine that gets one into the habit of smoking．） 3） True．4）True． 4．课堂讨论 组织学生以小组为单位，讨论本课 Part 2中所列出的讨论题。数分钟后，学 生在班上交流，教师予以讲评。 5．布置作业 1）将两课内容结合，复述整篇课文；2）完成练习册中所安 排的练习。 （三）语言训练课 Ⅰ．教具 投影仪。 Ⅱ．课堂教学设计 1．教师检查课文复述。 2．教师从本单元词语中选择部分常用词语，配以例句介绍给学生。要求学 生反复练习这些例句，并视学生情况，请同学造句，教师予以订正。 1）go ahead Go ahead with your work． The teacher told the students not to write on the paper yet，but John went ahead and wrote down his name． 2）fetch The chair is in the garden；will you please fetch it for me？ I asked her to fetch me an evening paper． 3）sale There was no sale during the morning，but business was better in the afternoon． There will be a sale of all the furniture in this house． 4）burn down A fire burned the house down． The building was burned down and only ashes were left． 5）persuade She persuaded him to believe that she was telling the truth． I wish you could persuade her to do so． 6）compare/be compared to Please compare your translation with the model translation on the blackboard． My English cannot be compared with yours． Teacher’s life is often compared to a candle． 7）remain The town remains the same year after year． He remained poor all his life． 8）give up She gave up her job to look after her mother． Anyway，as Brain pointed out，it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking．He himself has done it lots of times！ 9）call for Your plan will call for a lot of money． The problem calls for very careful thought． 10）share They shared their joys and sorrows． Would you mind sharing the bedroom with another guest？ 3．书面表达练习 中文提示（用投影片打出）：1）今天我叔叔一家来访，我们一起玩，看电 视，并讨论健康问题；2）叔叔征求我父母同意他吸烟，我们都劝他戒掉，告之 危害；3）叔叔讲，尽管家人都反对他吸烟，但他很难戒掉；4）不过他表示要 少吸，直至戒掉。 英文提示（用投影片打出）：permission；persuade；bad habit；therefore； give up；dislike；cigarette 将首句给出：Today my uncle called on us with his family． 七八分钟后，请几位同学朗读自己的短文，教师予以讲评。 Model： Today my uncle called on us with his family． We played and watched TV together． And we also talked about the health problem． During the talk my uncle asked my parents for per-mission to smoke．Seeing this，we all tried to persuade him to give up the bad habit．All of us said that cigarette smoking would be very bad for his health．My uncle said that it was difficult for him to give it up although everyone in his family disliked his smoking．However，he said he would try to smoke less，until finally he could give up smoking． 4．要求学生简述中国的吸烟问题。 Say something about the problem of smoking in China and the smokers who fail to give up smoking． Hints：1）How many Chinese smoke at present？2）What happens to millions of smokers every year？3）How much does cigarette smoking cost the Chinese government in the year 1989？4）In what way do the smokers cost the government a lot of money？5）Why do smok-ers continue to smoke even when they know it’s bad for their health？6）What kind of drug is nicotine？7）How do smokers feel when they go without nicotine for an hour or two？8）Do they really need a cigarette to make them feel better？ 5．布置作业 1）预习第 3单元；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。 四、难句分析 1．Do you mind if I smoke？我吸烟你介意吗？ ould you mind if I smoke in the office next door？我在隔壁办公室吸烟你介意 吗？ Do you mind…？和 Would you mind…？这两个表达法常用于要求给予许可， 或请求别人做某事。在动词mind之后可接 if从句或-ing结构。if从句如接在 Would you mind…之后，常使用虚拟语气。例如： Do you mind if I open the window？ Would you mind if I opened the window？ Would/Do you mind（my）opening the window？ 以上三句，句意相同。意为：我开开窗子你介意吗？ 在回答这类提问时，如果应答者不反对对方做某事，可用以下方式回答。例 如： —Do you mind if I ask you a few questions？ —No，not at all．（Certainly not．）或者： —No，go ahead． —我问你几个问题你介意吗？ —不，请吧。 在应答时，如果不同意对方做某事，可以说： —Would you mind if I took one of these magazines？ —I’m sorry，but it’s not allowed． —我能把这些杂志的其中一本带走吗？ —对不起，这不允许。 动词mind还可以表示“当心，注意”。后面既可接名词，也可接从句等。例 如： Mind that step！小心那个台阶！ Good drivers are always careful to mind the speed limit．优秀的司机总是留神 车速。 The knife is sharp．Mind you don’t cut yourself．这刀子很快，当心别弄伤 你自己。 而在下面两句中，mind仍然是“介意”的意思。 I don’t mind that noise．我不在乎那吵闹声。 I don’t mind how much it costs．我不在乎它值多少钱。 2．At present about 38％ of the Chinese population smoke．目前中国大约有 38％的人吸烟。 Just under a third of the population smokes，about 17 million people．目前吸 烟的人约有 1700万，占总人口的三分之一弱。 population 一词一般做不可数名词，表示“人口；居民；群众”，但它同时 又可以被看作是可数集合名词，其后面的动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形 式。例如： What was the population of Africa in 1980？非洲 1980年的人口是多少？ The population in these villages has to get its water from wells．这些村庄的居 民只能吃井水。 More than half of the population in this area are against the programme．这个地 区多一半人口都反对这个项目。 此外，population 一词间或也可做可数名词，表示一个地区的群众。例如： the populations of western European countries 西欧各国的民众 3．First，money is spent looking after people with illnesses which have been caused by smoking．第一，（政府）要花钱照顾因吸烟而患病的人。 表示“花钱（或时间）干某事”可使用以下句型： spend money（time）in doing something，句型中的介词 in常可被省略。本句 是该句型的被动语态。例如： The teacher spent a whole afternoon correcting the students’compositions．老 师花了整整一个下午来批改学生的作文。 A lot of money was spent rebuilding the city that had been destroyed in the earthquake．（政府）耗费了巨资来重建在地震中被毁的城市。 4．The bedclothes catch fire and the whole house may be burnt down．铺盖着 了火，整个房子都可能被烧掉。 catch fire 意为：着火；起火。有动态含义。be on fire也有“起火；着火”的 意思，但表静态。例如： The hotel caught fire yesterday and the firemen were sent immediately．昨天旅 馆着了火，立即派出了消防队员。 Look，the theatre is on fire！Call the firemen！看，剧院着火了，快叫救火队。 set… on fire是“放火烧”的意思。例如： The spy was given the task to set the bank on fire．这个间谍被指派去放火烧 银行。 burn down 意为：烧毁。例如： The houses were burned down to the ground by the enemy．房屋都被敌人烧毁 了。 5．The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking．每四个烟民 中就有一个可能因吸烟而死去。 one… in four/five/six… 表示：每几个人中有一个，还可用 out of代替介词。 例如： Nine out of ten people will agree with what you say．十分之九（每十个人中 有九个）的人会同意你所说的话。 die from 表示：除了疾病或感情以外的原因造成的死亡，但有时也可表示 由于疾病而造成的死亡。例如： He died from overwork．他因劳累过度而死。 It is said that many people die from smoking everyday．据说每天都有不少人 因吸烟致死。 Nowadays many children die from various kinds of diseases in some African countries． 现在在一些非洲国家，很多孩子死于各种各样的疾病。 die of则常指由疾病、情感等原因造成的死亡。例如： The man died of cancer．这个人因癌致死。 The poor children died of cold and hunger．这些可怜的孩子因饥饿、寒冷而死 去。