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同步测控优化训练(七) Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars(自主测控卷) 班级： 姓名： 得分： 测控导航 类别 内容 单词补丁 atmosphere n.大气层，气氛；system n.系统；harmful adj.有害的；development n.发展；spread v.传播；exist vi.存在；presence n.出席；present adj. 在场的； disappoint vt.使失望；disappointed adj.失望的；publish vt.出版；forces军队； gradually adv.逐渐地 重点短语 in time 及时，终于；prevent… from阻止；depend on 依靠；cheer up 欢呼； break out 爆发；get the hang of 熟悉；fall over 摔倒；look into 仔细看 主要句型 1.It exploded loudly with fire and rock，which were in time to produce the water vapour… 2.How they produced young was generally by laying eggs. 3.That made it possible for life to begin to develop. 4.I cheered up immediately and floated weight-lessly around…watching the earth become smaller… 语法 名词性从句(Ⅱ) 主语从句的用法 写作 Expository writing How to solve a problem 共同基础平台(90分钟，100分) 第Ⅰ卷(三部分，共 80分) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 15分) 第一节(共 5小题；每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分) 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.When is the solar energy more suitable for our use in a year? A.In winter. B.In summer. C.In spring. 2.What do we learn from this conversation? A.One of them is a famous scientist. B.Both of them are famous scientists. C.Neither of them is famous scientist. 3.How do they know everything happening in the world quickly? A.By radio. B.By computer. C.By listening to the radio. 4.What does the man mean? A.He is going to see the film. B.He is too busy to see the film. C.He saw the film “The Black Feather”. 5.Where does this conversation probably take place? A.At the post office. B.At the railway station. C.At the airport. 第二节(共 5小题；每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分) 听下面 2段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小 题每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6段对话，回答第 6~7题。 6.What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A.Teacher and student. B.Doctor and patient. C.Husband and wife. 7.What does the man want to be? A.A novelist. B.An editor. C.A news reporter. 听第 7段独白，回答第 8~10题。 8.Who sent Columbus the money for his voyage? A.The king of England. B.The queen of Spain. C.The king of France. 9.How many sailors set the voyage with Columbus? A.About 90. B.About 140. C.About 30. 10.Which statement is true? A.Christopher Columbus gave up in half-way. B.Some of the sailors were thrown overboard. C.Columbus finally reached the West India. 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分 35分) 第一节：单项填空(共 15小题；每小题 1分，共 15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。 11. made the parents proud was their daughter had been admitted(允许进入) into the Peking University. A.What；because B.What；that C.That；what D.That；because 12. has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever 13.— ，a fire-engine is running over towards us. —Yes，a big fire nearby，I guess. A.Take care；must break out B.Be careful；must break out C.Look out；must have broken out D.Look；was broken out 14. is known that those actions that people dislike go against the will of people. A.As B.It C.What D.That 15.He arrived at last， . A.tired and hungrily B.tiredly and hungrily C.tired and hungry D.tired and hunger 16.He used to make a living playing music on festivals. Now he makes shoes his own hands. A.by；with B.on；by C.with；with D.by；by 17.My parents don’t allow time nothing. A.to waste；to do B.wasting；to do C.to waste；doing D.wasting；doing 18.In fact，he in bed all the morning without doing anything，but he to me about that. A.lied；lied B.lay；lay C.lied；lay D.lay；lied 19.The heavy rain stopped us at the station on time. A.to arrive B.arrive C.arrived D.from arriving 20.One can hardly imagine what and how in order to pay back all the money. A.they lived a hard life；they had a bad time B.hard life they lived；bad time they had C.a hard life they lived；bad a time they had D.hard a life they lived；a bad time they had 21.The policeman to the bed clothes and tried to find out whom they . A.got close；belonged B.got closely；was belonged to C.got closely；belonging to D.got close；belonged to 22. ，let me，on behalf of my school，express deep thanks to all of you. A.First of all B.Above all C.At all D.After all 23.This book is for a seven-year-old child to read. A.too much difficult B.too more difficult C.much too difficult D.more too difficult 24.Paper produced every year is the world’s production of vehicles(车辆). A.three times weight of B.three times the weight of C.as three times as heavy D.three times so heavy as 25.After five hours’ drive， they reached they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of. A.that B.where C.which D.what 第二节：完形填空(共 20小题；每小题 1分，共 20分) 阅读下面短文，从后面给出的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 American medical researchers have just reported the first scientific proof (证据) that even a small amount of exercise will help us 26 longer. The study was carried out by scientists at Harvard (哈佛 ) and Standford (斯坦福 ) Universities， 27 were very famous in America.It involved (涉及) about 17 000 students who 28 Harvard between 1916 and 1950. The scientists 29 their research in 1960. They collected a lot of 30 and studied the medical 31 of every one in the study group-both living and dead.Members of the study group 32 how much they walked，how many 33 they climbed，what kind of sports they went in for and many other things they 34 each week. The scientists checked 35 about height，weight， 36 pressure and family records of heart disease. Their research showed exercise helped 37 the chance of death from a number of diseases. They also concluded that sports and games 38 people’s bodies and prevented them from 39 weight. They found that two thirds of people who had heart 40 never exercised. One of the scientists said the most important 41 was that people who do not exercise have more heart diseases，but they 42 realize the importance of sports until they 43 the disease. He also said that it might be 44 to get them to exercise now when their doctors 45 them to. They take the doctors’s advice very seriously and they want to keep healthy and have a longer life. 26.A.learn B.remember C.live D.work 27.A.where B.who C.which D.all 28.A.attended B.passed C.entered D.visited 29.A.began B.finished C.stopped D.discovered 30.A.advice B.facts C.truth D.ideas 31.A.care B.research C.practice D.history 32.A.reported B.counted C.tested D.studied 33.A.paces B.steps C.races D.blackboards 34.A.could B.should C.used D.did 35.A.information B.knowledge C.message D.news 36.A.air B.water C.blood D.strength 37.A.reduce B.slow C.lose D.miss 38.A.increased B.kept C.built up D.harmed 39.A.losing B.putting on C.leaving D.remaining 40.A.beat B.strike C.attack D.break 41.A.invention B.discovery C.subject D.plan 42.A.will B.won’t C.did D.didn’t 43.A.know B.cure C.get D.cause 44.A.important B.necessary C.harder D.easier 45.A.advise B.agree C.hope D.lead 第三部分：阅读理解(共 15小题；每小题 2分，共 30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Flying to the moon Scientist wanted to know more about the moon. They thought the best way was to send men to the moon. The moon is about 384 000 kilometers away from the earth. A plane cannot fly to the moon because the air reaches only 240 kilometers away from the earth. But something can fly even when there is no air. That is a rocket. How does a rocket fly? There is gas in the rocket. When the gas made very hot inside the rocket，it will rush out of the end of the rocket，so it can make the rocket fly up into the sky. Rocket can fly far out into space. Rockets with men in them have been to the moon. Several rockets with men have flown to another planet much farther away than the moon. One day rockets may be able to go to any place in space. 46.Scientists can be sent to the moon by . A.plane B.rocket C.satellite D.man-made satellite 47.The earth is about 384 000 kilometers away from the . A.moon B.universe C.star D.sun 48.A plane cannot fly to the moon because . A.there is no gas in the plane B.the plane must be driven by a man C.there is no air about 240 kilometers away from the earth D.it is smaller than a rocket 49.The hot gas in the rocket is used for . A.keeping the man in the rocket warm B.cooking food C.making the rocket fly up D.keeping the balance of temperature 50. rocket may be able to go to any place in space. A.Some time B.Very soon C.Anytime D.Some day B Scientists used to explore(探测)on the surface of the ocean. Now they are exploring below the surface， too. They want to know about ocean water and the plant and animal life deep in the ocean. In 1934 the scientist William Beebe dived 3 000 feet below the surface in a hollow steel ball. In 1935 August Piccard dived 10 330 feet. In 1960 his son Jean dived to a depth of 35 800 feet. All these early dives were deep. But the divers could not stay down for very long. They had to come back up to the surface after a few seconds. Scientists needed to stay down longer to study life below surface. Gradually they succeeded.Cousteau，a Frenchman，was able to keep men down to a depth of 36 feet for one month and to a depth of 90 feet for a week. Now scientists are developing even better equipment. With this new equipment，men can stay below the surface for days or even weeks. In 1962 Cousteau set up a research station 35 feet below the surface. Then， in 1964， he set up another station on the ocean floor of the Red Sea.This was the first undersea station to operate without help from the surface. Many countries are now studying undersea living. The former Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea.The United States has a laboratory 50 feet down on the ocean floor off the Virgin Islands. In 1970 five men lived there for two weeks. Then a team of five women scientists stayed in the laboratory. Next came other teams of men. All were there to explore the ocean depths and to make plans for the use of its resources. Scientists hope to find enough mineral，vegetable，and animal wealth there to provide food for the entire world. 51.In order to ，scientists are exploring below the surface of the ocean. A.know about the ocean water deep in the ocean B.stay down longer to study life of the plant and animal below the surface C.know about the plant and animal life deep in the ocean D.both A and C 52.Who made the deepest dive? A.William Beebe. B.August Piccard. C.Jean Piccard. D.Cousteau. 53.Who set up the first undersea station? A.A Frenchman. B.An American. C.A Russian. D.The passage made no mention. 54.Which of the following statements is true? A.The early divers could not stay down for very long. B.Up to now only five women scientists have stayed in the undersea laboratory. C.The purpose of setting up the undersea laboratories is to make plans for the use of the resources in the ocean. D.None of the above is true. 55.The author wants to tell us . A.that scientists try to explore the ocean depths B.that scientists try to make use of resources in the ocean C.about the secret of the plant and animal life in the ocean D.both A and B C A pill， code-named HT-0712，may make forgetfulness a thing of the past. It is being developed in the US and could go on sale within five years. According to the newspaper The Sun， the wonder drug has been nicknamed “Mind Viagra”and has already been shown to boost the memory power of mice and flies. Next it will be tested on humans. This is just one of a number of drugs in a pharmaceutical (制药的 ) race to develop an increased memory pill. At least 12 US companies are believed to be working on similar projects. Tim Tully，the founder of US drug company Helicon Therapeutics，who is in charge of the HT-0712 project，gave this practical example of its use for students：“If it takes two weeks to memorize a verse of Shakespeare，with one of these drugs you might be able to do it in two or three days. ” “ The memory drug business appears to be set to become a multi-million dollar industry，”experts say. This summer，100 Americans suffering mild memory loss will test HT- 0712 in the first experiment on people. “You don’t think better than you did before，you just get the facts in with less practice. There is a growing belief that memory and memory loss is just another treatable condition，”says Tully. However，there is some doubt whether the drugs can really improve memory. In a study by the US’s Yale University Medical School，researchers suggested that the drug might affect other parts of the memory. 56.Which of the following can be most likely to replace the underlined word “boost” in the second paragraph? A.Reduce. B.Increase. C.Kill. D.Harm. 57.What will happen to the students most probably if they take HT-0712? A.They will grow taller. B.They can memorize things easily. C.They won’t suffer from illness. D.They will choose whatever universities they like. 58.The future of HT-0712 can be said according to experts. A.dim B.uncertain C.bright D.worried 59.HT-0712 is a pill that . A.has bad effect on the health of mice and flies B.has been experimented on dozens of animals C.will be experimented on humans this summer D.is certain to do no harm to human 60.The purpose of writing the passage is to . A.warn people the harm of HT-0712 B.introduce to people the advantages of HT-0712 C.tell people something about HT-0712 D.doubt whether it is worth developing HT-0712 答 题 栏 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 答案 题号 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 答案 题号 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 答案 第Ⅱ卷(共 20分) 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分 20分) 第一节：短文改错(共 10小题；每小题 1分，共 10分) 此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断。如无错误，在该行右 边横线上划一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正： 该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜 线划掉。 该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。 该行错一个词：在错的词下面划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。 注意：原行没有错的不要改。 Draw a picture is the simplest way of putting an 61. idea down on paper. This is what men began to write 62. six thousand years ago. The written words you now use 63. come down to us during a long period of time. It was 64. developed from the picture writing. Except the Chinese， 65. the America Indians also developed the ways of 66. writing in the pictures. But simple pictures couldn’t 67. express men’s ideas freely. They needed a good way 68. to express feelings. Thus written words were invented. 69. After that men invented paper to write their words. 70. 第二节：书面表达(共 10分) 假设你是赵奇，五年前出国留学，回国后发现家乡发生了巨大变化。请你根据下列提示， 用英语给你在美国的同学 Linda发一个 e-mail，告诉她这儿的变化。 提示： 1.兴建了更多的高速公路，交通便利； 2.高楼林立，人们的住房条件改善； 3.许多家庭有了私家车，出现了假日旅游热； 4.手机、电脑使通讯更加便捷； 5.越来越多的外国公司来这里兴办工厂和商店。 注意：词数在 100左右。 个性创新拓展 小组讨论： Should Mars become a little earth? 美国宇航局正计划把火星改造成 “绿色星球”，使火星将来成为人类的 “第二家园”。 你对此有何看法? 我的思路： I don’t think this plan is practical. To make Mars fit to live on will cost a great deal of money， time and energy. The earth is polluted，so we want to take people to Mars. But what should we do if the same thing happens to Mars? All we need to do now is to make the earth more and more beautiful. Even if the US can afford everything，who will be sent to live on Mars? People from the US or from all over the world? Unit 4　Astronomy：the science of the stars 自主测控卷 共同基础平台 听力原文及答案 （Text 1） W：The solar energy is very important in our everyday life. M：Yes，especially in summer. W：We can use it to bath. （Text 2） M：Are Jack and Jack’s father famous scientists？ W：No，neither jack nor Jack’s father is a famous scientist. （Text 3） M：On time we can know what was happening in the world as fast as possible. W：How do you know？ M：Not only by TV but also by computer. （Text 4） M：How I wish I could see the film“The Black Feather”！ W：So do I. （Text 5） M：Er，excuse me.How much does it cost to send a letter to France？ W：Airmail？ （Text 6） W：What do you intend to do after graduation？ M：I want to be a news reporter. W：Good.Do you know what a reporter usually does？ M：Yes，he travels all over the world，makes comments on current affairs，writes articles for newspapers and magazines. W：I thought you were able to be a qualified reporter since I gave your class my first lecture. M：Thank you very much.I owe a lot to you. （Text 7） Long ago people in Europe believed the world was flat.They thought that if anyone set sail and did not turn around to come back that they would drop off the earth！Christopher Columbus did not believe that.He thought the world was round and he wanted to set sail to prove that.Christopher Columbus wanted the king of Portugal to give him the money for his journey but the king would not.Neither would the kings of England or France.Finally Queen Isabella， of Spain，sent Columbus the money. With his money Columbus got three ships ： the Pinta ， the Nina and the Santa Maria.Columbus recruited about 90 sailors from Spain for the voyage in 1492.During their voyage there were many problems with the ships that had to be repaired.Some of the sailors wanted to go back to Spain.They even talked about throwing Columbus overboard and heading home！Finally Columbus and his sailors spotted land.Columbus thought it was India，but it was really the West India，a small group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean. 1~5 BCBBA　　　　6~10 ACBAC 11.解析：引导名词性从句的 that只是一个“符号”，不作句子成分，而 what 既起连接 作用，又在从句中作主语或宾语。 答案：B 12.解析：whoever=anybody who，强调“人”，who引导名词性从句强调“事”，B、C 两项后加 that才对。 答案：D 13.解析：火灾发生是过去的事，故用must have done结构，break out无被动语态。 答案：C 14.解析：It’s known that 众所周知，that引导的是主语从句，it是形式主语。 答案：B 15.解析：此处考查形容词作状语，说明主语的状态，相当于He was tired and hungry. 答案：C 16.解析：考查介词 by与with的区别，by doing sth；do sth. with sth.。 答案：A 17.解析：allow doing sth.允许做某事；waste time（in）doing sth.浪费时间做某事。 答案：D 18.解析：lie作“撒谎”讲时，过去式是 lied；作“躺”讲时，过去式是 lay。 答案：D 19.解析：stop sb. from doing sth.句型。 答案：D 20.解析：前半句为 what+a（an）+adj.+n.结构；后半句为 how+adj.+a（an）+n.结构， 而且宾语从句应用陈述语序。 答案：C 21.解析：get close to指具体接近；belong to 意为“属于”，相当于及物动词。 答案：D 22.解析：first of all 首先；above all 最重要的是；after all 毕竟。 答案：A 23.much too+adj./adv.意为“太……”。 答案：C 24.解析：考查A is+倍数+the+n.+of B这一比较结构。 答案：B 25.解析：they thought 是插入语，原句缺少连接词和主语。what引导的从句一般相当于 the thing/person/time/place that。 答案：D 26.解析：从下文，尤其文章的最后一句可判断。 答案：C 27.解析：在非限制性定语从句中作主语。 答案：C 28.解析：enter Harvard and Standford Universities“进入哈佛和斯坦福大学学习”。 答案：C 29.解析：注意文章开头 have just reported（刚刚发表了），说明文章是以“现在”为 时间背景。所以，研究不是 1960年完成的。而从下文对研究程序的描述看，研究是开始于 1960年。 答案：A 30.解析：fact事实。 答案：B 31.解析：medical history=medical record。 答案：D 32.解析：被调查研究小组的成员（调查对象）汇报（report）他们的活动情况。 答案：A 33.解析：pace着重指步度（一步跨出的长度）。step指脚步（一只脚抬落算一步）。 step还指台阶，所以 climb steps是合理的，但 climb paces 是不对的。climb blackboard，没 这种说法。 答案：B 34.解析：上面walked，climbed，went 都是实际动作，所以选D。 答案：D 35.答案：A 36.答案：C 37.解析：reduce the chance of death 减少死亡的机会。 答案：A 38.解析：build up 意为“增强”。 答案：C 39.解析：put on weight 增重。 答案：B 40.解析：heart attack心脏病发作。 答案：C 41.解析：discovery意为“发现”。 答案：B 42.解析：not...until...直到……才……。 答案：B 43.解析：get the disease意为“得病”。 答案：C 44.解析：easier很容易（做到）。 答案：D 45.解析：advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事。 答案：A 46.解析：根据第一段最后一句话可知答案。 答案：B 47.解析：根据第一段第三句话可知答案。 答案：A 48.解析：根据第一段第四句话可知答案。 答案：C 49.解析：根据第二段可推出答案。 答案：C 50.解析：见文章最后一句话，one day=some day。 答案：D 51.解析：根据第一段可知，D项包括了A项与 C项的内容，这正是科学家探测海洋深 处的目的。 答案：D 52.解析：根据第二段提供的信息，Jean Piccard潜入海洋底最深处。 答案：C 53.解析：第四段告诉我们，最早建立洋底站的是 Cousteau；由第三段可知，此人是法 国人，所以该题选A。 答案：A 54.解析：第三段第二句为该题提供了答案。 答案：A 55.解析：包括A\，B两项内容的D项，正是作者想告诉我们的事情。 答案：D 56.解析：第一段谈到HT-0712的好处是增强记忆力，所以推断在此表示“增强”比较 恰当。 答案：B 57.解析：根据第三段意思可知。 答案：B 58.解析：根据句子“ ‘The memory drug business appears to be set to become a multi- million dollar industry，’experts say.”可知。 答案：C 59.解析：根据最后一段“今年夏天 100名美国人将接受该项实验”可推出答案。 答案：C 60.解析：通读文章可知，本文主要介绍的是有关HT-0712的一些知识。 答案：C 61.解析：动名词用作主语。 答案：Draw→Drawing 62.解析：根据句意，此处write为不及物动词，how用作方式状语。 答案：what→how 63.解析：根据上下文句意，此处人称代词应用第一人称。 答案：you→we 64.解析：此处强调过去发生的动作。 答案：come→came 65.解析：此处表示“包括…在内”。 答案：Except→Besides 66.解析：此处应用形容词作定语。 答案：America→American 67.解析：此处表示泛指。 答案：去掉 the 68.解析：此处含有比较意义。 答案：good→better 69.答案：√ 70.解析：不定式 to write their words用作定语，修饰前面的名词 paper，实际上，paper 为不定式的逻辑宾语，故应加上介词 on，构成 to write their words on （paper）。 答案：在words后加 on 书面表达 One possible version： Dear Linda， Our city has changed a lot in the past 5 years.First，more highways have been built，which makes  it  very convenient for  people  to   travel.Many high buildings have appeared，which are modern   and   beautiful.As   a   result ， people’s   living   conditions   have   been   greatly improved.Besides，many families  have got  cars  of   their  own.And  they  can  enjoy   themselves traveling on holidays.They lead a  rich and colorful   life.Mobile  phones and computers  are  very common now.So it is easier for people to keep in touch with each other than before.More and more foreign  companies  have   started   factories   and   shops  here.I   think   living  here   is   the   same  as   in America. Best wishes. Yours truly， Zhao Qi