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Unit 14 Satellites Lesson 53 【目标与要求】 一、交际用语 1）What do you feel like doing？ I feel like going to a museum． 2）Personally，I’d rather go to the Science Mu-seum． 3）What would you like to do？ I’d like to go there． 4）What do you plan to do？ 二、单词和词组 1）so/as far as I know 2）not any more…… 3）personally 4）have got a special exhibition on 5）do a special study of 三、句型 Have you decided what to do？ 【讲解设计】 一、交际用语 1．What do you feel like the doing？ 你想要干什么？ feel like作“想（做某事）、愿意”解，后面接名词或动词 ing形式。例如： I don’t feel like（eating）a big meal now． 我现在不想吃大餐。 We’ll go for a walk if you feel like it． 如果你愿意，我们去散散步。 2．Personally，I’d rather go to the Science Museum．就我个人来说，我 倒想去科学博物馆。 personally是副词，作“就自己而言，就个人来说”解。如： He doesn’t like the play，but personally Ithink it’s very good． ’d rather=would rather 作“更为情愿地，宁愿”解。 would rather（not）do…宁愿（不）做…… would rather…than…宁愿……而不…… I’d rather not tell you the truth． 我宁愿不告诉你事实真相。 She’d rather have the small one than thelarge one．她宁愿要一个小的而不要 大的。 I’d rather play football than swim． 我宁愿踢足球而不去游泳。 二、单词和词组 1．so/as far as so far as I know 作“据我所知”解，在句中作插入语。例如： So far as I know，he doesn’t know Englishat all．据我所知，他根本不懂英 语。 so/as far as还作“远到、直到”解。例如： We walked as far as the bridge． 我们一直走到桥那儿。 而 so far作“到目前为止”解。例如： So far the work has been easy． 到目前为止这工作是容易的。 2．have got a special exhibition on 举办一个特别的展览会 have got…on=have… on作“有（某种活动）在进行”。例如： Has he（got）anything on tomorrow？ 明天他有什么活动吗？ 三、句型 Have you decided what to do？ 你已决定要干什么了吗？ 不定式可以和疑问代词 Who，Whom，whose，what，Which 及疑问副词 when，where，how等连用，构成动词不定式短语，在句中起名词作用，可作主 语、宾语、表语等成分。例如： What to do next is not known to us all．（主） I hardly knew how to write．（宾） The question is where to find the answer．（表） 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、完成下列句子 1．___________________（据我所知）， the book is very popular． 2．I’d rather______________________________（不参加这次会议）． 3．We feel like____________________（参观自然历史博物馆）． 4．（就个人而言），I prefer football to volleyball． 5．There are so many computers that I don’t know___________________ （选哪一个）． 6．She’d like____________________（对电脑进行专门研究）． 7．They will____________________（举办一个特别的展览会）next week． 8．I shall_______________do that______________．（不再） 9．（去哪儿）has not been decided yet． 10．Her worry is________________（如何及时完成这项工作）． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 二、选择合适的句子完成对话 —Jane！ 1 —Sure，go ahead． —I want to know what’s on this weekend． — 2 —The Red Roses are giving a performance at the Grand Theatre．3 —They are pop stars．They are said to be very good．4 —7：00 p．m．5 —Yes，I think so．I’ll meet you at the theatre at 6：45． —Good！See you then．Bye！ A．Do you know what they are？ B．What time does the performance start？ C．Is there anything good on？ D．Do you want to bring a friend？ E．Can I have a look at your copy of China Daily？ F．What is the best place to meet？ G．Will you be free then？ Lesson 54～55 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 1）in an orbit 2）in space 3）escape the pull of the earth 4）broad sun panels 5）fold up 6）direction 7）if necessary 8）in this way 9）connect 10）at the speed of 11）be likely to do 12）in the next day or two 13）keep out of 14）tell the difference between A and B 15）look into 16）dozens of 17）carry out 二、句型 1）The lighter，the better． 2）Once the satellite goes into its orbit roundthe earth，the panels are unfolded． 3）It has equipment for making electricity fromsunshine，using very broad sun panels． 4）The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clearpicture of space． 三、语法 定语从句：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。 1）The house in which they lived last year hasbeen pulled down． 2）Who is the girl with whom you were talkinga moment ago？ 【讲解设计】 一、篇章结构 1、中心思想 There are two types of satellites-natural andman-made satellites．Man-made satellites are car-ried up into space by rockets and they are veryexpensive．There are different kinds of man-made statellites，such as broadcasting satellites，weather satellites，communication satellites andspace satellites．They are of great use． 2、段落大意 The whole text can be divided into twoparts： Part1（Para．1） Types of satellites． Part．2（Para．2～8） Something about the man-made satellites． 二、单词与词组 1． in space 意思是“在太空”， space表示“宇宙空间”时，前面一般都不用冠词， 课文中还有 send…upinto space，put…into space，collect informationabout space 等，都是这种用法。例如： You can see some interesting things inspace．在太空中你可以看到一些有趣的 东西。 space还可作“空地、余地”解。例如： Is there space for another bed in the room？ 屋里还有地方放一张床吗？ 2．fold up fold可用作及物动词和不及物动词，意思是“折叠，对折”。例如： He foled the letter and put it into his pock-et．他将信折叠起来，放入口袋。 The map folds up into a booklet． 这地图可折成小册子。 3．connect connect既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，意思是“相接，把……联系 起来”。例如： The two towns are connected by a railway． 铁路把两座城市连接起来。 The Panama Canal connects the Atlanticwith the Pacific．巴拿马运河连接了大 西洋和太平洋。 This wire connects with that one． 这条电线与那条电线是连着的。 4．be likely to do…可能干…… likely作形容词，表示“可能的”。例如： She is likely to come tonight． 今晚她可能会来。 并非-ly结尾的词都是副词，除了 likely作形容词，类似的还有： lovely，friendly，friendly，lonely，lively，deadly等等。 5．tell the difference between A and B 意思是“说出/分清A和 B的区别”。例如： Can you tell the difference between Asianelephant and African elephant？ 你能说出亚洲象和非洲象的差别吗？ tell A from B也有同样的意思。例如： I don’t know why he can’t tell red fromgreen．我不知道为什么他分不清红 色和绿色。 6． look into look into作“观察、窥视”解。例如： I looked into the room，but found nobody． 我朝房间看了看，发现没人。 look into还可作“调查、研究”解。如： She has promised to look into the matter． 她答应要调查这件事。 7．carry out carry out作“进行、实行、完成”解。例如： John listened carefully and carried out theteacher’s instructions．约翰仔细聆 听，然后按老师的教导去做。 The plan must be carried out at once． 这计划必须立即执行。 三、句型 1．The lighter，the better．越轻越好。 这是一个“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，表示“越……（就）越… …”。例如： The faster，the better．越快越好。 The more we do for the people，the happierwe feel．我们为人民做的事情越 多，我们就越感到高兴。 2．The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of space．充满尘 埃的大气给拍摄清晰的太空图像造成了困难。 make it+Adj．/N．+to do sth．句型中 it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。 形容词或名词作宾语补足语，除make外，类似的动词还有 find，think，consider等。例如： I find it necessary to read English everyday．我发现每天读英语是必要的。 The man thought it important to do that． 那人认为做那事很重要。 四、语法 定语从句 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 1）关系代词紧跟介词时，只能用whom或which，不可用who或 that。例如 The man to whom you spoke is my teacher． 你和他说话的那人是我老师。 The book from which I got much informa-tion adout space was borrowed from him．我从中得到许多有关宇宙方面的资料的那本书是向他借的。 2）含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词不能前置，须放在动词之后。例 如： This is the key which you are looking for． 这是你在找的钥匙。 The person whom he looks after is hismother．他照看的那个人是他母亲。 其它情况下，介词一般放在关系代词之前，有时也放在定语从句后面，当 介词位于定语从句后面时，作为介词宾语的关系代词可省去。例如： Who is the man with whom you were talk-ing a moment ago？ Who is the man（whom）you were talkingwith a moment ago？ 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、单词辨音 1．position A．dozen B．rocket C．pilot D．globe 2．connect A．personally B．mention C．object D．organization 3．height A．circle B．orbit C．scientific D．shy 4．balloon A．pull B．food C．cook D．bookmark 5．question A．mention B．exhibition C．education D．suggestion 二、单词拼写 1．He is taking photos with a new c____． 2．This is not a picture of a real ship．It’s a m____． 3．—what’s the h____of the mountain？ —It is 1000 meters high． 4．She is walking in the d____of the post office． 5．This team a____to climb Mt．Everest，and failed because of the bad weather． 三、用所给的单词或短语填空，注意动词的适当形式 carry out，keep out of，look into，connect，fold，attempt，mention， so far as，be likely to，if necessary 1．Did anyone____running a computer class for these young people at the meeting？ 2．The freeway that____the two cities was built last year． 3．We expect him to____his promises like a man． 4．She will come back again____． 5．____we know，he went to the USA only one week ago． 6．He began to____the population problem immediately． 7．What do you think____happen in the next week or two？ 8．He____the chairs and leaned them against the wall． 9．The prisoners____escapes but didn’t succeed． 10．It’s dangerous to play near the fire．____them____it． 四、选择填空 1．We found difficult to finish the work within two days． A．this B．that C．it D．so 2．A rocket must travel____a speed of no less than 40，000 kph to escape the pull of the earth． A．in B．at C．with D．for 3．The officer made his men____his order at once． A．work out B．find out C．make out D．carry out 4．When____why he was late，the boy said that he had missed the bus． A．questioning B．be questioned C．questioned D．being questioned 5．So far he has written two____novels． A．dozens of B．dozen C．dozens D．dozen of 6．I feel like____to Shanghai，but my parents prevent me____that． A．travelling，doing B．to travel，doing C．travelling，to do D．to travel，to do 7．____the help of my sister，I finished the work ahead of time． A．Under B．For C．With D．By 8．You’d better make a mark____you have any questions． A．which B．at which C．where D．the place where 9．I’ve decided to____the problem and soon we’ll know the cause． A．look through B．look up C．look into D．look for 10．The more he explained the puzzle，____we understood． A．and more B．the less C．less than D．still more 五、用“介词+关系代词”填空 1．The train____ ____she is traveling is arriving． 2．She stood in front of the window，____ ____she could see the playground． 3．The car，____ ____I paid a lot of money，has been sold． 4．He is a person____ ____you can trun for help． 5．The lady，____ ____we had supper，told us about it． 6．There are some children____ ____we can get some information． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 六、完形填空 Have you heard of the satellite called Early Bird，which was built by an organization consisted of16 countries？Now dozens of 1 have been put into space，and they help people in many 2 ． You can speak to people on the 3 side of the world over the 4 with the help of a satel-lite．They can help to take 5 of the earth and 6 maps．Some pictures taken by the satellites 7 us the exact 8 where different metals can be found．They can also 9 the differencebetween healthy plants and 10 ones．This is a great 11 o the scientists who work in forestsand in agriculture．Satellites benefit our daily life．For example，satellites for 12 are used to sendradio and TV programmes from one part of the world to another．It is the satellites that make ourworld seem 13 ． A number of 14 stations have been set up to 15 the outer space．In the past，it was diffi-cult for the scientists to get a 16 picture of space because of the dusty air， 17 satellites make it 18 ．They are being used more and more to collect information about 19 just like 20 be-tween space and men． 1．A．spaceships B．rockets C．satellites D．planes 2．A．uses B．ways C．places D．things 3．A．one B．both C．either D．other 4．A．radio B．telephone C．ocean D．earth 5．A．photos B．care C．information D．use 6．A．produce B．take C．get D．write 7．A．teach B．explain C．read D．show 8．A．country B．places C．mountains D．villages 9．A．say B．speak C．tell D．know 10．A．poor B．good C．tall D．short 11．A．importance B．wonder C．help D．discovery 12．A．space B．weather C．listening D．broadcasting 13．A．beautiful B．larger C．smaller D．pleasant 14．A．bus B．research C．spaceship D．plane 15．A．see B．know C．enter D．study 16．A．clear B．colorful C．whole D．clean 17．A．when B．as C．while D．so 18．A．difficult B．faster C．easier D．sooner 19．A．satellites B．earth C．men D．space 20．A．bridges B．lines C．tunnels D．ropes 七、阅读理解 We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our minds to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted．We talk about“up”and“down”，but we know that what is“down”for us is“up”for someone on the other side of the world． Because we can feel that things are heavy，we think of“weight”as being a fixd quality in an ob－ ject，but it is not really fixed at all．If you could take a one－ pound packet of butter 4000 miles out from the earth，it would weigh only a quarter of a pound． Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4000 miles out into space？The reason is this：All objects have a natural attraction for all other objects；this is called gravitational attraction（重引 力）．But this power of attraction between two ob－ jects gets weaker as they get farther apart．When the butter was at the surface of the earth，it was 4000 miles from the centre（in other words the radius（半径）of the earth is 4000 miles）．When we took the butter 4000 miles out，it was 8000 miles from the centre，which is twice the distance． If you double the distance between two objects，their gravitational attraction decreases“two times two”．If you treble（使成三倍）the distance，it gets nine times weaker（three times three）．If you take it four times as far away，it gets sixteen times weaker（four times four）and so on． 1．What is“up”for us the Chinese is____． A．“down”for the Japanese B．“up”for th Canadians C．“down”for the Americans D．“up”for the English 2．If a satellite which weighs fifty tons flew 20,000 miles away from the earth，it would weigh ____． A．one ton B．ten tons C．four tons D．two tons 3．The nearer two objects are，____． A．the weaker their natural attraction is B．the stronger their natural attraction is C．the lighter their weight is D．the weaker their gravitational attraction is Lesson 56 014 【目标与要求】 一、单词与词组 1）on show 2）so much dust 3）put…away 4）circle 二、听力 掌握大意和查找细节。 三、写作 要求连词成句，连句成文。 【讲解设计】 一、单词和词组 1．on show 作“展出”解。例如： Five paintings by our classmates are onshow at the exhibition．展览会展出了 我们班同学画的五幅画。 2．so much dust如此多的尘土 当“形容词+名词”时，形容词前常用 such 修饰表示“如此”，如 such a wonderful film，such bad weather。但当名词被 much，many， few，little修饰时， 前用 so表示“如此”。例如：so many people，so much water，so little money， so few books 二、听力 在进行本课听力训练时，重点应听清两方面内容：1）发生了什么事？2） 宇航员们干了些什么？ 三、写作 1）注意时态，本段内容叙述的是过去的事情，应用过去时态。 2）注意句子与句子间的联系，并用适当的连词连接。如：It was a simple satellite．It could not send out signals．两句间可以用 as连接。 【练习设计】 一、听力（听五段对话并选择正确答案） （ ）1．At what time does the office open？ A．7：45． B．8：15． C．8：00． （ ）2．What did the man do last Saturday？ A．He saw a play． B．He acted in a play． C．He went to the tea house． （ ）3．What is the relationship（关系）between the speakers？ A．They are friends． B．They are strangers． C．They are brothr and sister． （ ）4．What are the two speakers talking about？ A．A fine boat． B．Their friend，Tom． C．The weather． （ ）5．What will the woman do this evening？ A．Meet her Mum at the airport． B．Say good－bye to her Mum at the airport． C．Fly to another city together with her Mum． 二、书面表达 假定你是一名卫星方面的专家，请你简要谈谈人造卫星的功能，约 100词。