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Unit 2　 No smoking, please! 一、素质教育目标 （一）知识教学点 1．单词 fetch vt．拿来，拿出，接去　　　　　　　 remain vi．保持，仍是 non-smoker n．不吸烟的人　　　　　　　 Smelly adj．有臭味的，发出臭 味的 packet n．小包裹，袋　　　　　　　　　　　 smoke-free adj．非吸烟的 chance n．机会，可能性　　　　　　　　　 therefore adv．因此 2．词组 burn down 烧毁 give up 放弃 call for需要，邀请 be used to sth．/ doing sth．习惯于（干）某事 cf． get used to sth．/doing sth．开始或终于习惯 used to do sth．过去常做某事 persuade sb．to do sth．说服某人做某事 get(sb．) into the habit of…（使某人）染上……的习惯 compared to…与……相比 cf．compare…with…把……和……进行比较 Go ahead．用吧 3．交际用语与句型 （1）交际用语 Do you mind if I Do…? No． Go ahead． Would you mind if I DID…? I'm sorry, it's not allowed． I wonder if I could use…? Sure．/Certainly． May/Can/Could I have a look at that book? No, you can't．/I am afraid not． （2）句型 In Britrin, which has a population of 55．8 million, 110,00 people die from smoking each year．英国只有 5580万人口，每年却有 11万人因吸烟而死去。The cigarette which /that I smoked made me ill． 我抽的烟令我感觉难受。 The person who/whom/that I met was very friendly． 我遇到的那人很友好。 4．语法 学习另一种名词性从句——表语从句 The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking． （二）能力训练点 1．通过口头练习，学会征询允许的表达方式及其回答。2．练习写通知。 （三）德育渗透点 通过课文学习，了解吸烟对健康的危害，使学生认识到养成良好生活习惯 的重要性。 二、重难点解析 　 Lesson 5 　 1． No smoking, please! “no＋-ing”常用在公共场所的告示中，表示“禁止”、“不准”之意。又如： No parking !禁止停放车辆！ No entering ! 禁止入内！ 2．Do you mind if I smoke? = Would you mind if I smoked? =Do/Would you mind my smoking? 你介意我抽烟吗？ （1）回答这类问题时要特别注意： A．表示“不反对、不介意”： Of course not．/Certainly not． /No, please． /No, go ahead． B．表示“不愿意”，即“介意、反对”： I'm afraid…/I'm sorry,(but)…/You'd better not．/Please don't．习惯上不说 “Yes．”。 ——Would you mind turning on the light for me? ——No, not at all． /I'm sorry it's not allowed． (2) mind v．介意；在乎（常用于否定句、疑问句及条件句中） A．vi． Never mind about the matter．别为这事担心。 Do you mind if I call you later?以后我再给你打电话，你介意吗？I'm sure she won't mind．我敢肯定她不会介意的。 ——I've broken up a cup．呀，茶杯打碎了。 ——Never mind, we have lots of them．不要紧，我们有许多。 B．vt． a)mind sth．/doing sth．． Don't mind him, it's just his way．别理他，他就是那种人。 b)mind doing sth．/sb．'s doing sth． I don't mind children being lively but I do mind rudeness． 我不在乎孩子们活泼好动，但我在乎他们的粗鲁行为。 I'm sure he wouldn't mind your going there． 你去那儿，我敢说他不会介意的。 c)mind +从句 She doesn't mind how much the dress costs． 她不在乎那件衣服值多少钱。 Don't mind what others say．别人说什么你别介意。 I don't mind whether you go or not． 你去不去我不在乎。 I'm sorry, but it's not allowed． 很抱歉，这是不允许的。 这是一种委婉的表达方式，直接的表达为 Yes, I do．但是实际上很少这样 说。又如： ——Can I smoke here?我可以抽烟吗？ ——I'm afraid all these offices are non-smoking offices． 恐怕所有这些办公室都是无烟室。 为了表示客气和委婉，这里用解释的语气来说“不准抽烟”。而不直接说No, you can't．”。 4．I wonder if I could use your phone? 我可以用你的电话吗？ I wouder if I can/could do sth． =May/Can I use your phone?两个句型，两种 不同的表达方式，在功能上是一样的，都是用来表示请求允许的交际用语。 could 比 can语气更委婉。例如： ——I wonder if I could have a look at your photo? ——Sure． Go ahead．/Please do ．/I'm afraid not．/You'd better not． sure 是美国英语，等于 certainly． Go ahead的原义为“继续往前走”，转 义为“请便”。 往往是同意对方继续干或是同意对方的请求。又如： ——I'm going to meet my cousin at the airport． May I leave a little earlier today? 今天我要去机场接我表哥，我早点走行吗？ ——Surs． Just go ahead完全可以。 5． non-smoking office不吸烟办公室 （1）前缀 non-意为 not，表示“非，无，不”等，它多和名次、形容词、或 副词结合，中间有些用连字符连接。如： non-smoker n．不吸烟者　　　　　　　　　　 non－black adj．非黑人的 non-book n．无价值的书　　　　　　　　　　 nonmetal adj．非金属的 non-stop n．不停的；不停地　　　　　　　 nonsensically adv．无意义的 （2）其他表示否定或反义的前缀： A．dis- 不；（动作）反向 disobey v．不服从　　　　　　　 dishearten v．使沮丧 disorder n．无秩序　　　　　　　 disconnect v．分离 B．in-在“l”前为 il-，在“r”前为 ir，常与 adj．结合。incomplete adj．不 完全的 illegal adj．非法的 irregular adj．不规则的 C．im-不（与 adj．结合） impossible adj．不可能的 impolite adj．不礼貌的 D． un-常与 adj．或 Vpp与 v．结合 unfair adj．不公平的 unexpected adj．想不到的 untie v．解开 6．Ask your partner for permission to do the following things． Ask sb．for permission to do sth．请求得到允许做某事 You have to ask the teacher for permission to do that． 你应该得到老师的允许再去做那件事。 They asked permission to go there．他们请求许可到那里去。 7．I need to fetch a tape from a friend． 我需要从朋友那儿取一盒磁带来。(1) fetch v． A． go and bring back sth．/sb．接来；取回 Please fetch the children from school． 请从学校把孩子接回来。 Should I fetch the glasses for you from the next door? 我要不要去隔壁把你的眼镜拿过来？ I'll come over to fetch you． 去会来接你的。 B．引出；使发生 It's getting dark． We must fetch the discussion to a close． 天快黑了，我们得结束讨论。 His words fetched a laugh from all present． 他的话引起了在场的人大笑。C． 给……似（打击）；打死；击倒 The cruel father fetched him a slap across the face． 残酷的父亲打了他一耳光。 I got another shot and fetched the dog． 我又打了一枪，结果打死了那条狗。 D．词组： fetch out 拿出 fetch up（口）停止；到达 (2)fetch, bring, get, carry, take比较 Please go upstairs and fetch/get me my portable computer．上楼去把我的手提 电脑拿下来。 She brought me a lovely present on my birthday． 我生日那天，她给我带来一件可爱的礼物。 I brought this book away with me．/ He carried a bag on his back． A bus carries many passengers．/Take me to the nearest hospital 　 Lesson 6 　 1．Every year, millions of smoker die because of illnesses which are caused by smoking tobacco． 每年有数以百万计的人吸烟引起的疾病而死亡。 (1)die of illness因病而死亡　 die from the habit因（吸烟）习惯而死 die from smoking因吸烟而死 die of和 die from都可以加上疾病表示死因，例如： He has died of/from illness．他已病死。 除此以外， die of还接 hunger/cold/old age或 grief（忧伤）等情感以外的原 因。例如： Some old people die of cold in winter in the west every year． 在西方，每年都有一些老人在冬天会冻死。 The soldier died from a wound in the fighting． 那位战士在战斗中受伤而牺牲。 2． At present about 38% of the Chinese population smoke． 目前，中国人口中 38％的人吸烟。 英语中 percent或 percentage 为％，百分数短语作主语时，谓语动词的数通 常要与后面的名词一致．例如： More than 70% of the surface of the earth is covered by water． 地表 70% 以上为水所覆盖。 40% of the students in our school are girls． 我校 40% 的学生是女生。 但有时要根据名词的意义来判断其谓语动词的单复数形式。例如： About 11% of the population of the United States are black． 句中 population尽管是单数，但意义相当于 people，故谓语动词要用复数 形式。 3．First, money is spent looking after people with illnesses which have been caused by smoking． 第一，（政府）要花钱照顾因吸烟而患病的人。 花钱（时间）作某事： spend (money/time) in doing sth． 主语是“人”，介 词常省略． 4．…and the whole house may be burnt down． 结果整栋房屋可能会被烧毁。 burn down 与 burn up都有“烧毁”的意思，但 burn up有“完全烧掉，烧 光”的意思，例如： He read the note and then burnt it up． 他看过字条后，就把它烧掉了。 5． Every year, tobacco companies must persuade new people to start smoking cigarettes． 每年，烟草公司都必须设法使一些不吸烟的人开始吸烟。 persuade sb． to do sth． 劝/说服某人做……（意思是成功了） advise sb． to do sth． = try to persuade sb． to do sth．（不一定成 功）encourage sb． to do sth．鼓励某人做……例如： I advised him to give up smoking． But he refused ． 我劝他戒烟，但他不肯接受。 I persuaded him to buy the new kind of dictionary, and he bought it the next year．我说服他买那种新的词典，他次日就买了一本。 6． The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking． 四个烟民中就可能有一个因吸烟死去。 (1)Chance作“可能性”，句型是： The chance is that… (The) chances are that…例如： (The) chances are that we will go to Shenzhen next month． 下个月我们可能去深圳。 (2) in (prep．): so as to be; per（表数量，程度，比例）以，按，在……之中 She cut the apple in half．她把苹果切成两半。 Such occurrence is one in thousand． 这样的事千载难逢。 The girl asked the children to sit in three rows． 那女孩要求孩子们分三排坐。 7．In the 16-19 age group 32％ women smoke, compared to 28％ of men．在 16-19岁年龄段中，同 28％的男人相比，有 32％的妇女吸烟。 compared to相比，和……比起来 例如： compared to /with many girls, she was indeed lucky． 同许多女孩子相比，她确实很幸运． It was a small place then compared to what it is now． 同现在相比，那时它还是一个小地方。 compare…with…把……和……进行比较 compare…to…把……比作…… Let's compare China with India in population． 让我们在人口方面把中国和印度比较一下。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage． 莎士比亚把人世比作舞台。 8．Therefore, if the tobacco companies want to remain in business, they have to encourage more young people to start smoking． 因此，如果烟草公司想要继续营业，他们就得鼓励更多的人吸烟。 remain vi． 保持；仍然，后接形容词或词组。例如： The result remains to be seen． / He remained silent at the meeting． 　 Lesson 7 　 1．and of these smokers,83％ have tried more than once to give it up． 在这些吸烟者中，有 83％的人不止一次地试过戒烟。 give up sth ．/doing sth．放弃（做）某事，例如： He said that he had given up playing football． 他说他已不再踢足球。 The poor girl was forced to give up school． 那个可怜的女孩被迫辍学。 2．Nicotine is a drug that gets one into the habit of smoking． 尼古丁是一种使人染上烟瘾的毒品。 get sb． into the habit of…使某人染上……的习惯，例如： Don't get yourself into the bad habit． 不要让自己染上坏习惯。 You'd better not get into the habit of drinking． 你最好不要养成喝酒的习惯。 His father got him into the habit of swimming early in the morning． 他父亲让他养成了清早游泳的好习惯。 3． When smokers who are used to nicotine go without it for an hour or two, they began to feel bad． 那些对尼古丁上了瘾的烟民，一两个小时缺少尼古丁就会感到难受。 Be used to sth． /doing sth．习惯于（做）某事，例如： She is used to the country life/living in the country． 有时用 get used to，强调动作“开始或终于习惯……”，例如： He has been in China for a year, but he has not got used to the Chinese food． 他到中国已经一年了，但仍未习惯中国的食物。 注意： used to do sth．指“过去已习惯”，含有“现在已不”之意．例如： He used to get up early．他过去通常早起。（现在已不这样） There used to be a lot of trees around the place, weren't there? 这一带过去树很多，是吧？ 4．The body is calling for a new supply of the drug nicotine． call for (1) need; require ;ask for要求，需要 (2)Go or come to get sb．/sth．叫某人；取某物 That was what the teachers and the students of the whole school called for． 这是全校师生的要求。 Success in school calls for much hard study．要想成绩好，需要刻苦学。 I'll call for you at your house tomorrow．明天我到你家去叫你。 三、课时安排 5．课时完成本单元 第一课时： Lesson 5 第二课时：Lesson 6 第三课时：Lesson 7 第四课时：Lesson 8 第五课时：Unit Test 2 四、学生活动设计 Lesson5 口头练习：对话交际功能——征询允许及回答 Lesson 6学生分组讨论吸烟的危害及如何才能戒烟 Lesson 7学生分组辩论，一方为 smokers，一方为 non-smokers,谈谈对吸烟 的不同看法。其他人作出评价，引导学生写出主要论点，得出结论。 Lesson 8笔头练习：写一些与禁止吸烟相关的标牌。 五、教学步骤 　 Period 1 　 （一）明确目标 1．Learn some places where people are not allowed to smoke． 2．Practise on asking/giving/refusing permissions． 3．Study the language items in the lesson． （二）整体感知 Get the students to know the topic of the text by asking questions． 　 Step 1　 Revision and warm up 　 1． Check the homework exercises． 2．Lead-in Ask the students to examine the classroom and find out the things, including any pictures, sentences and signs, on the wall． What do these things tell us? S1: The sentences encourage us to study hard． S2: The national flag makes us feel proud of our nation． S3: The pictures warn us not to waste time． … What other signs can we see in some public places, say, in a cinema/meeting room/restaurant? S4: Exit sign, No littering, No smoking and so on． (The teacher draws a No Smoking sign on the Bb．) Why is there no smoking in such places? (The Ss may have various ideas about the questions． In complete answers are acceptable．) Today we are going to learn Unit2，which tells us the reasons why smoking is not allowed in many places． 　 Step 2　 Presentation 　 Listen to the Speech Cassette Lesson 5． What does Wang Bin want to do? S5:He wants to smoke． Can you smoke in the office? Why(not)? S6:No．It's not allowed． （三）重难点学习与目标完成过程 　 Step 3　 Language focus 　 Open your books and turn to Page7． [Ask the Ss to read the dialogue and underline the words Wang Bin uses to ask for permission． Collect sentence patterns on the Bb] Do you mind if I（do）…? I'm sorry, but…? Would you mind if I(did)…? I'm afraid… I wonder if I(could do)…? Sure． Go ahead． Ask S7-S9 to use simple phrases for asking permission if they want to borrow his or her partner's pen/open the electric fan/shut the window/smoke in the classroom． The rest of the class is to give or refuse permission． 　 Step 4　 Practice 　 [Part 2． Go through the phrases in the table with the class and check their understanding． Pay attention to the Past Tense form in the conditional phrase: Would you mind if I did．．．?] Now please work in pairs, asking your partners for permission for various purposes, referring to the phrases in the table． [Appoint several pairs to demonstrate their dialogues in front of the class．] 　 Step 5　 Dialogue 　 Go over the dialogue in Part 3 with the whole class． Make sure they understand it． Let them know that the italicized part can be replaced by other words, depending on what subject we are talking about． Make up dialogues according to the following situation: A is waiting for a call at the telephone booth． B comes up to him and asks his permission for using the phone first． A is unwilling to help at first, but agrees in the end． Please do it in pairs． I'll ask some to act out their dialogues． [One possible version:] (A is waiting for a call at the telephone booth． B comes up to him．) B：Excuse me, would you mind if I used the phone first? A: I'm sorry． B：It's very urgent． A：What's the matter? B:I saw heavy smoke coming out from the locked house． I want to call the police． A: Oh． All right． （四）总结、扩展 　 Step 6　 Summary 　 Language items (The teacher presents the following points on slides． Check the Ss' understanding by getting them to explain the example ．Help them when necessary．) 1．1．“No+-ing” No parking! No entering! No Littering! No firing! 2．mind v． A．vi． Never mind about the matter． I'm sure she won't mind． B．vt．a)．Mind sth．/doing sth． Don't mind him． It's just his way． b)． Mind doing sth．/sb．'s doing sth． I don't mind children being lively ．But I do mind rudeness． I am sure he couldn't mind your going there． c)．Mind + clause Don't mind others say． She doesn't mind how much the dress costs． I don't mind whether you go or not． 3．I wonder if I could/can do sth．= May/Can I．．．? Sure． Go ahead．/Please do．/I'm afraid not．/You'd better not． 4．“non-”非；无，不一 non-book n．无价值的书 non-stop n．中途不停的 non-black adj．非黑人的 non-metal adj． non-sensically adv． 5．Please go upstairs and fetch/get me my portable computer． She brought me a lovely present on my birthday． She carried a bag on his back． Take me to the nearest bookstore． 　 Step 7　 Homework 　 1．Workbook Exs 1,2,3． Ex 1．Pay attention to the changes in the intonation． 2．Discuss and check the answers． 3．The Ss practise in pairs first, then give their dialogues． 　 Period 2 　 （一）明确目标 1．Learn about the disadvantages of cigarette smoking． 2．Know about the basic facts of cigarette smoking in China and Britain ． Answer the questions on p79．(Exs1,2,3) （二）整体感知 Collect some data concerning cigarette smoking from the media ．Show the data to the class． Then see how much they can conclude from the given information． 　 Step 1　 Revision 　 1．Check the homework exercises． (P78, Ex3) 2．Brainstorm smoking． Draw a No smoking sign and ask: What does this mean? Where can you find this sign? Why is smoking not allowed? Who smoke more cigarette in China ,men or women? (Nickname for cigarette :cancer stick, coffin nail, and for heavy smoker: chainsmoker．) Collect answers from S1,S2,S3, and S4． Make a brief note on the Bb． 　 Step 2　 Presentation 　 Page 8．Talk about the picture． What can you see in the picture? S5:Mother,her daughter and a cigarette． What does the picture mean? S6:Smoking damages the health of your family． Put the slogan into English: S7: For the health of your family… (Lead the class to the conclusion: the picture strongly suggests people stop smoking．) （三）重难点学习与目标完成过程 　 Step 3　 Fast reading 　 Go over the questions at the top of P8．Let the Ss cover the passage quickly to find the answers． (Both sentences are true．) 　 Step 4　 Careful reading 　 Page 79．Ex．1． Read through the questions with the students． Make sure they know what to do． Then the Ss read the passage carefully and note the answers． Decide the whole class into groups of four to discuss the answers． One student from each group is to report their discussion in his/her own words, though some key words and expressions should be highlighted when reporting． Deal with any language points that arise． 　 Step 5　 Writing 　 Page 9,Part 2． （1）Requirement :Put in the missing words according to the context． Note: Before doing the exercise, all should read the whole passage carefully． （2）Explain new words to the students． （3）The Ss read and fill in the blanks fisrt． Then discuss the 3 questions in pairs． （4）Check the answers with the class． [Answers:] seen,meeting,exhibition,shopping,office,non,air,health,smokers,smoking,habit,he avy,because,cigarette,hardly 　 Step 6　 Practice 　 Revise the Attributive Clause used for identifying an object or person． Write the following sentences on the Bb． a)I am looking for my pen． The pen is red． b) I've lost my book． The book is quite heavy． We are going to join the pairs of sentences, that is, to form two sentences with Attributive Clauses． We note that I'm looking for/I've lost can identify the pen/book． And when the noun is the object of the Attributive Clause, which/that/who, etc． can be omitted． The pen I'm looking for is red． The book I've lost is quite heavy． Go through the example together with the class． (Note: Which is only used in formal writing．) Get the Ss to work on the questions alone． Then check the answers． [Answers:] 1．The packet of cigarette(which/that)my uncle bought cost 5．20 yuan． 2．The doctor(who/whom)David saw at the hospital told him to stop smoking． 3．One habit(which/that)he can't give up is smoking． 4．People who want to smoke have to smoke outside． 5．The government receives lots of money from sales of tobacco(which/that) cigarettes are made of． 6．People who smoke too much may not live long． 　 Step 7　 Discussion 　 Smoking: pros and cons We are going to form two sections． One section holds the idea that smoking is a bad habit, while the other, one the contrary, thinks it is not so bad． Everyone is going to try his/her best to make his/her argument logical, powerful and persuasive． (First the Ss develop their argument by discussing with each other． Then some Ss are to demonstrate the process of argumentation before the class． The teacher collects some basic opinions from each section．) （四）总结扩展 Show slides to focus on the useful words and expressions． Get the Ss to tell the difference between the similar phrases． （1） die of illness/hunger/hunger/cold/old age/grief （2）burn down burn up （3）persuade sb． to do sth． advise sb． to do sth． encourage sb． to do sth． （4）compare to．．． compare A to B compare A with B （5）remain vi． （6）The chance is that．．． Chances are that．．． （7）spend money/time(in) doing sth． 　 Step 8　 Homework 　 Page 79． Exs．2 Do it in the class．(key:4) Exs． 3 Re-read the passage and fill in the blanks． Exs．4 Numbers(fractions) 　 Period 3 　 （一）明确目标 Study Lesson 7 to know why it is hard for the heavy smokers to give up smoking． （二）整体感知 　 Step 1　 Revision and Warm-up 　 1．Check the homework 2．(Ask S1-S5)Revise Lesson 6 by answering the following questions: Do you think smoking is harmful? Why? Do people around you(i．e． your family members, relatives, neighbours, etc．)smoke? Have they ever caused any trouble by smoking? (Different Ss may offer different examples． The teacher can generalized their answers by drawing a conclusion:) Cigarette smoking 1) Causes illnesses and death 2)May cause fire 3)Is a waste of money 　 Step 2　 Presentation 　 You've offered vivid examples in our daily life, from which we learn that smoking is harmful to both smokers and non-smokers, to both individuals and government． But why don't the smokers give up smoking? We also observed that some heavy smokers have tried to quit smoking many times in the life, but they can hardly get rid of it． Old habits die hard, as the saying tells． Besides this, what else makes the smokers feel they“need”cigarettes? Please read the passage on page 10 to figure out the answer． （三）重难点的学习与目标完成过程 　 Step 3　 Reading 　 Through reading, work out the answers to the questions on the slide show 1．What is nicotine? 2．Why do so many people find it hard to give up smoking? 3．Do you smoke? If yes, do you want to give it up? Why? 4．If no, do you want to get yourself into the habit of smoking? Why? 5．How do you persuade your father/grandfather/uncle, etc． to give up smoking if he is a heavy smoker? Allow the Ss a few minutes to discuss the questions in pairs． Then appoint S6- S10 to give out their opinions． (The answers to the first 2 questions can be found in the passage． When the Ss do 3 and 4, the teacher may help them complete their answers．) 　 Step 4　 Discussion 　 Go through the questions on page 10．Explain any new words and phrases． Make sure the Ss know what to do． [cancer: a very common cause of death among smokers． Lung cancer is the most common form． non-smoking area: areas where smoking is not allowed] Divide the Ss into groups of four for the discussion． Ask them for the answers at the end of this stage． 　 Step5　 Language study 　 (Ask S11)What is the problem with tobacco? Write on the Bb: 1．The problem with tobacco is that it contains a drug called nicotine． 2．They know that the habit may kill them． Revise the use of Noun Clause as the object(＃2) and predicative(＃1)．Note that in the Object Clause“that”is optional, but in the Predicative Clause“that”is necessary and cannot be omitted． Ask the Ss to write down more sentences with the object and predicative clauses: We learn from history that people never learnt from history．(object) The problem is how to help smokers kick the habit．(the predicative) 　 Step 6　 Practice 　 Now let's go to Part 4 Practice． In this part, you're going to make sentences with the Object or Predicative Clauses by joining two parts together． First, please go over the sentences quickly to see if you understand them． (Ask S12,S13 to do the first two as examples．) Please work in pairs． Then we'll check the answers． (Note: The Ss are encouraged to make as many sentences as possible．) 　 Step 7　 Practice 　 Part 5 Ask S14, S15 to put the following into English． 这里过去有很多树。 她习惯于在农村生活。 [Answers] There used to be a lot of trees there． She is used to living in the country． S16, S17 to tell the difference between the two．“Be used to” means to be accustomed to;“used to”indicates the habits or states existing in the past and having ceased now．S18-S21 to put the following into Chinese: (1) I am used to getting up early． (2) He used to get up early when he was in the country． (3)The cloth is used to clean tables． [Answers] （1）我习惯早起。 （2）他在农村时常常早起。 （3）这块布是用来擦桌子的。(Passive Voice) Go through the questions in Part 5． Make sure you understand the meaning of each sentence． Then write down the answers． S18-S23 to check answers with other Ss． [Answers] 1．used to 2．are used to 3．used to 4．am．．．used to　 5．used to 6．are used to （四）总结、扩展 　 Step 8　 Language items 　 Pick out the useful words and expression from Lesson7．(Collect answers from the class orally． A slide show focusing on these words will help them achieve a deeper impression:) 1．habit n． Form a good/bad habit养成好/坏习惯 Get into the habit of…养成……的习惯 Kick/give up/quit the habit of…戒除……的习惯 Cf ．Custom n．风俗，习俗（多用于社会，集体）。 Social customs are different from country to country．不同国家风俗不同。 2．either pron．＆ adj．＆ adv． Either of the two books is good enough for me．(pron．任何一个) You may use either pen．(adj．) He doesn't like it． I don't．, either．(adv．也) Either you or he is a spy．(conj．或……或……) 3．give up sth．/doing sth． 4．go without 5．call．．．for:need;ask for 6．be used to sth．/doing sth． 7．get used to sth．/doing sth． used to do sth． be used to do（表被动） 　 Step 9　 Homework 　 1．Do Exs． 2,3 on page 80． 2．Put the sentences into Chinese after completion． 　 Period 4 　 （一）明确目标 1．Have a brief revision of the unit． 2．Listening practice in Part 1． 3．Do some exercises as a consolidation． （二）整体感知 　 Step 1　 Revision 　 1．check the homework exercises of Lesson 7． 2．Discuss the following questions．(S1-S4) What have you learnt from this unit? (A possible answer:) From this unit we've learned that smoking is a bad habit． It does damage to people's health; it may cause fires; and it is a waste of money． Once people get into the habit of smoking, it is very difficult for them to kick the habit, because a drug called nicotine, contained in any cigarettes, makes the smokers feel they need to smoke． So as young students, we must be careful not to form such kind of bad habits． We also have the responsibility to make others aware of the bad effects of smoking, to help smokers give up smoking． （三）重难点的学习与目标完成过程 　 Step 2　 Listening 　 As we've learned and discussed a lot about smoking, some of us may be wondering what are other people's opinion． Now we're going to listen to a discussion about smoking among 6 friends． Please turn to page 146． (Explain briefly what to do by viewing the questions with the Ss．) Play the tape first time to do the first task． The Ss are to work out the answers in pairs．S5,S6 to give their answers． Exs．1:For:1,2,4 Against:3,5,6 Do Part 2 and Part 3 in the same way． (Ask a few pairs to report their answers and then check with the whole class．) 　 Step 3　 Word study 　 Now let's come to the second part on page 12． Any volunteers to explain the words in the box to us? (S7-S14 to point out the use of the words． Show a slide as a reminder to sum up:) 1．remain v． If you don't eat you'll just have to remain hungry． Peter became a news reporter while John remained a woodcutter． 2．chance n． There is a chance that the sick boy will get well． Chances are about 50 graduates in 100 will go to colleges and universities． 3．compared to/with compare．．．with．．． compare．．．to．．． 4．share sth． with sb． 5．habit form/quit/kick a habit get into the habit of 6．persuade sb．to do sth． 7．give permission ask(one's) permission Do the sentence completion by yourselves． Then we'll check the answers． [Answers]1．Share 2．Habit 3．Remains 4．Chance 5．Permission 6．Persuad 7．Compare 　 Step 4　 Writing 　 Now let's study the two notices on page 12． (S15,S16 to read them aloud．) (Point out the style of notices, i．e． a notice should be brief clear, forceful and persuasive．) (Task:) Do your family members and friends smoke? If they do, please write a notice to persuade them to stop smoking． The following outline may help you: is a bad habit． is harmful not only to yourself, but also to others． Smoking causes pollution． may cause fires． means buying death with money． Cigarette is called cancer stick．/coffin nail． Tens of thousands of people in the world die of smoking every day． (Ask the Ss to compose rough drafts and get S17-S25 to report．) （四）总结、扩展 　 Step 5　 Grammar 　 Noun Clauses as the Object and Predicative (Go through the Checkpoint 2 with the whole class． More examples may be offered on a slide show to cover the most frequently used sentence patterns．) 1．predicative表语从句 That is how/why he did it． That is where he was born． The reason is that the didn' t know it． That's because he was ill． It may be as you say． 2．Object clause宾语从句 Tom asked me if/whether I was a student． He told me that he had been there twice． 　 Step 6　 Consolidation 　 Read aloud the useful expressions on page 12． 　 Step 7　 Homework 　 Do Exs．1,2 and 3 in the class． Work out Ex 4 and write down on the exercise books． 　 Step 8　 writing practice 　 Compose a passage according to the following information: 1．吸烟有害健康，中国每年有数百万计人死于吸烟引起的疾病。 2．吸烟是一种浪费，吸烟者要花很多钱来买烟，而用来治疗由于吸烟而致 的疾病的钱更多。 3．吸烟很危险，它可能导致火灾。许多火灾都是由于吸烟者粗心大意所致。 因此要让所有吸烟的人戒烟。 (One Possible Version:) Smoking is really harmful． First of all, smoking is bad for health． In China, millions of smokers die of illnesses which are caused by smoking every year． Second, smoking is a waste of money． Smokers spend a lot of money on tobacco． Even more money is spent on the treatment of the illness of smokers． Third, smoking is dangerous． It may cause fire． Most of the fires are caused by careless smokers． Therefore, all the smokers should be encouraged to give up smoking． 　 Period 5 Unit Test 2（略） 　 六、布置作业 第一课时 wb Lesson 5, Exs．1—3 1．Read and act out the dialogue in pairs． 2．Discuss the answer to Ex 2 in pairs． Then check the answers with the whole class． 3．Write one of the dialogues in Ex 3 in the exercise book． 4．Preview Lesson 6． 第二课时 Wb Lesson 6 1．Write down the answers to the questions in part 1． 2．Read through Ex2 and then decide which is the best answer． 3．Read the text again before doing Ex 3． 4．Translate the numbers in Ex 4 into English． Then read aloud． 第三课时 wb Lesson 7 1．Write down the answers to Ex 1 on the notebook． 2．Do Exs． 2 and 3． 3．After finishing Exs．3,trnaslate the sentences into Chinese． 4．preview Lesson 8． 第四课时 wb Lesson 8 1．Complete the workbook exercises． 2．Translate the sentences in Ex 2 and 3 into Chinese． 3．Do Exs． 4 as written work． 第五课时 wb Unit 2 Revision 1．Do Exs．1 and 2． 2．Write a note to persuade somebody to stop smoking, using the points in Ex 3． 3．Revise the whole unit(new words and expressions, grammar, etc．) 七、板书设计 板书 1 　 Lesson 5 　 1．“No+v．-ing” Do you mind if I(do)．．．? No fishing! /Would you mind if I(did)．．．? No speaking! No swimming!/No entering! I wonder if I(could do)．．．? 2．go ahead: Please do． I'm sorry, but．．． 3．ask permission I'm afraid　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 give permission Sure． Go ahead．　　　　　　　 refuse permission (Please do．) 4．fetch: go and bring back 5．“non-smoking” non cooperation non dollar non-stop 　 板书 　 Lesson 6 　 1．I'm looking for my pen． The pen is red． The pen I'm looking for is red． 2．I've lost my book． The book is quite heavy． →The book I've lost is quite heavy． 3．die of illness/hunger/cold/grief die from smoking/drinking/the habit 4．spend(money/time) in doing sth． 5．burn down　　　　　　　　 one third　　　　　　　　 1/3 burn up　　　　　　　　　　　　　 one fifth　　　　　　　　 1/5 5．persuade sb． to do sth．　　　　　　 two/sevenths　　　 2/7 6．advise sb． to do sth．　　　　　　　　 a(one) half　　　　　 1/2 encourage sb． to do sth　　　　　　　　　　 one(a) quarter　　 1/4 two and one fifth 8．compared to/with．．． compare A to B compare A with B 　 板书 3 　 Lesson 7 　 1．The problem with tobacco is that it contains a drug called Nicotine．(predicative) 2．They know(that) the habit may kill them．(object) (1)would like to do sth．(2) stop doing sth． want to do sth． stop to do sth． feel like doing stop/prevent/keep sb． from doing sth． 3．give up smoking/teaching 4．get(sb) into the habit of 5．be/get used to+n．/v．-ing used to do sth． be used to do sth． （被动语态） 八、参考资料 1．世界无烟日 每年 3月 31日为世界无烟日。其基本内容是：（1）宣传吸烟有害；（2） 呼吁吸烟者在这一天主动停止吸烟或放弃吸烟，香烟推销单位和个人在这一天 停止经营活动。 2．戒烟电话 美国洛杉矶市为戒烟者开设了一种新的服务项目：戒烟者的烟瘾上来后， 拨一下规定的电话号码，听筒里马上就会响起因为长期吸烟而引起的可怕的咳 嗽声使戒烟的人定决心与香烟一刀两断的决心。 3．中国烟民 我国有 12亿人口，据统计有 3．2亿人吸烟。其中 90％的吸烟者是几乎是从 青少年时开始吸烟的。令人忧虑的是，目前青少年吸烟率正在呈上升趋势。专家 预计，到 2020年我国每年将有 200万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病，而这之中，有 相当一部分是如今的青少年。这是一个严峻和可怕的数字。我们少年儿童，正是 长知识长身体的时候，要抓紧宝贵时间，努力学习科学文化知识，树立正确的 人生观，从我做起，从现在做起，立志终身不吸烟、不买烟、不卖烟，劝阻吸烟 行为。每一个人都要珍惜生命，以健康的体魄报效祖国。 4．吸烟的危害 （1）烟草烟雾中有尼古丁、烟焦油一氧化碳等有害物质，吸烟会导致肺癌、 冠心病、支气管炎、肺气肿等多种疾病。 （2）吸烟污染空气，危害子女及他人。据统计，美国每年死于被动吸烟的 约有 5．3万人。 （3）吸烟浪费金钱，同时也是引发火灾的重要原因。 （4）戒烟的好处：据美国癌症学会（ACS）及美国疾病预防中心 （CDC）1996年联合公布的资料称，在停止吸最后一支烟后身体会发生下列变 化，并持续多年。20分钟：血压降至正常。八小时：血中一氧化碳水平降至正常， 血氧水平升至正常，24小时：心张子心脏病发作的危险开始下降。 2～3月：循 环改善，行走能力加强，肺功能可增加 30％。1～9月：咳嗽、鼻窦充血、疲劳、气 短等症状减轻，肺上皮细胞毛再生，感染减少。1年：冠心病发病危险下降 50％。5年：吸一包/日烟者肺癌死亡率下降近50％。发生口腔癌、喉癌及食管癌 的危险下降到吸烟者的 50％。