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Unit 8 First Aid Lesson 29 【目标与要求】 一、交际用语 1）We must carry her to the side of the road． 2）You mustn’t move someone if they are bad－ly hurt． 3）You should／shouldn’t… 4）I ought to go home． 5）I have to cook supper for my grandmother． 二、单词和词组 1）knee 2）still 3）breathe 4）leave 5）ought to 6）take it easy 7）fall off 8）knock…off… 三、句型 Leave her where she is． 【讲解设计】 一、交际用语 本课交际用语涉及情态动词的使用，详见本单元 Lesson 30至 Lesson 31语 法解释。 二、单词和词组 1．still 1）形容词，“不动的”。如： lie still躺着不动 2）副词，“仍旧、还”。如： Drink it while it’s still hot．趁热喝吧。 3）副词，“更”，用于修饰比较级。 It was cold yesterday， but today it is still colder．昨天很冷，但今天更冷。 2． leave 1）使……处于某种状态，通常跟形容词或分词形式的复合结构，有时也跟 从句。 His illness has left him weak． 他的病使他很虚弱。 I left them waiting．我让他们等着。 Don’t leave such an important thing un－done．不要把这么重要的事搁着不 做。 Don’t touch my book； leave it as it is． 别动我的书，让它照原样放着。 2）离开 He left school an hour ago． 他一小时前离开了学校。 3）遗忘 I left my book in the lab． 我把书忘在实验室里。 3．ought to 含有“按道理应该……”的意思。其否定式为 ought not to，疑问式把 ought 提至句首。 —Ought Jenny to go？珍妮该去吗？ —Yes， she ought（to）．她该去。 Jenny ought（not）to go to see the film． 珍妮（不）应该去看电影的。 4．take it easy Take it/things easy．You’ll be all right to－morrow．别紧张，你明天就会好 的。 三、句型 Leave her where she is．让她留在原地。 1）where she is是地点状语从句。如： Put the book where it was．把书放回原处。 Where there is a will， there is a way． 有志者，事竟成。 2）地点状语从句与定语从句的区别： ①定语从句前有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而地点状语从句无此特征。 ②地点状语从句可位于句首，而定语从句不可。 I found the pen where I had left it． 我在放钢笔的地方找到了钢笔。 I found the pen in the desk where I had left it． 我在放钢笔的书桌里找到了钢笔。 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、根据句意及所给单词的首字母，写出该单词 1．He drew a deep b____， then jumped into the water． 2．The soldiers stood s____ like stones in the heavy rain． 3．Take it e____．The police will soon come to our help． 4．On the way home I saw a boy k____down by a bus． 5．He has stopped b____．You must give him first aid at once． 6．The little girl knelt（跪）on one k____over her dying mother． 7．The boy f____ off the tree and had his leg injured． 8．She went on working though her arm was hurting b____． 9．What should you do if you find someone who has been hurt in a car a____． 10．There o____to be more buses during the rush hours． 二、翻译下列各句 1．留在原地别动。 2．有水的地方，就有生命。 3．我出生的那个村子很小。 4．不要把门关上。（leave） 5．不要让她在外面雨中等待。（leave） 【练习设计】·拓展练习 三、补全对话 A：Hello．Is that the First Aid Centre？ B：Yes， 1 A： A little boy ran into the road and was knocked down by a car． B： 2 A：His right leg may have been broken and his left arm is bleeding．I don’t know what to do． B：Don’t move the boy．Try to stop his bleeding with something clean and stay with him until we arrive．3 A： 4 B：All right．Take it easy．We will arrive there soon．5 A：Goodbye． A．Who are you？ B．How is the boy？ C．speaking． D．He is on the Nanjing Road， in front of the Bank of China． E．Goodbye． F．You are welcome． G．Where is the boy？ Lesson 30～31 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 1）bite 2）lay 3）burn 4）cut 5）electric 6）container 7）pool 8）handkerchief 9）safety 10）wound 11）stomach 12）by mistake 13）pay attention to 14）in a short while 15）medical care 16）deal with 17）out of one’s reach 18）mouth－to－mouth 二、句型 1）Don’t reach sideways while standing on a ladder． 2）You should pay attention to the children wherever they are playing． 三、语法 复习情态动词must和 should，学习 ought to和 need的使用。 1）If someone is badly bleeding，you must try to stop the bleeding． 2）All parents should know some first aid． 3）I ought to go home． 4）You needn’t worry． 【讲解设计】 一、篇章结构 1．中心思想 These two lessons tell us what first aid is and how to do first aid．They also tell us the im－portance of first aid and how to avoid some dan- gers． 2．段落大意 These two lessons can be divided into five parts： Part 1（Para．1） Description of first aid． Part 2（Para．2～3） The ways of giving first aid． Part 3（Para．4） Importance of first aid． Part 4（Para．5） Safety in the home． Part 5（Para．6） A quiz on first aid． 二、单词和词组 1． lay放置 注意下列各词的形式： lay—laid—laid（放置，生蛋） lie—lay—lain（躺） lie—lied—lied（说谎） 2．by mistake由疏忽所致 I took your hat by mistake． 我（无心地）拿错了你的帽子。 3．pay attention to注意 这里 to是介词，如： Pay attention to your spellings when you’re writing something．写东西时， 要注意拼写。 draw／attract one’s attention 引起某人的注意 4． in a short while 不久 while是名词。该词组意为 in a short time或 soon。 5．deal with 1）常与 how连用，而 do with与 what连用，意为“对付、处理”。如： How shall we deal with the problem？ What shall we do with the problem？ 我们将如何处理这个问题？ 2）论述，涉及 The book deals with Asian problems． 这书本论述了亚洲问题。 3）与……打交道 We have dealt with the company for 10 years．我们同这家公司打了十年的交 道。 6．mouth-to-mouth 口对口的 类似的词组：face－to-face 面对面的； heart－to－heart 心贴心的 三、句型 1．Don’t reach sideways while standing on a ladder．站在梯子上时，不 要侧身去拿东西。 句中 while与 standing之间省略了 you are。在时间、条件等状语从句中，若 从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中谓语部分有 be动词，可省略从句中 的主语及 be动词。如： Look out for cars when（ you are）crossing the street．过街时注意车辆。 I won’t go to the party unless（I am）invit-ed．没人邀请的话，我是不会去 参加晚会的。 2．You should pay attention to the children wherever they are playing． 无论孩子在哪里玩，你都得注意他们。 句中wherever＝no matter where，意为“无论何处”。 You can go wherever you like． 你想去哪里就去哪里。 Pay attention to road signs wherever you drive．无论开车到哪里，都要注意 路标。 四、语法 1．must/have to 1）must“必须”，无时态变化，侧重于说话人的主观看法，mustn’t意为 “不要（做某事）”，含有“禁止”的含义。 have to可用于多种时态，侧重于客观上的需要，含有“不得不”的意思。 don’ t have to意为“客观上无此必要”。 You must clean the room before 5 o’clock． 五点之前，你们必须把房间打扫好。 Cars mustn’t be parked here． 此处不准停车。 We had to stay at home because of the rain． 由于下雨，我们只好呆在家里。 If you’re busy， you don’t have to come． 如果你忙的话，就不必来了。 2）must“肯定”，用于肯定句中，其否定式为 can’t，“不可能”。 Hurry up！ They must be waiting for us． 快点！他们肯定在等我们。 The news can’t be true． 这消息不可能是真的。 3）must have done意为“肯定已经……”，其否定式为 can’t have done。 There is no light in the room．He must have gone to bed．房间里没有灯，他 一定是睡觉了。 The light is still on．He can’t have gone to bed．房间里灯还亮着，他不可 能已睡觉了。 2．should／ought to 1）两者都有“应该”的意思。一般可以通用，但后者语气更强。 A： I’ll start the work tomorrow． B：① I think you should start at once． ② No， you ought to start at once． 句①中语气，有点像朋友之间提建议。句②中语气，有点像老板责令工人。 2）should／ought to have done意为“本应该干……”，实际上未能完成。 You should have told me earlier． 你本应该早一点告诉我的。 3．need 1）用作及物动词。比较下列两句： Does anyone need to see the doctor？ 有谁要看医生吗？ The flowers need watering/to be watered． 花需要浇水了。（用-ing主动形式表示被动意义） 2）用作情态动词。常用于否定句及疑问句中，可与用作及物动词的 need进 行转换。用 need提问时的答语，肯定用must，否定用 needn’t。 —Need I come？/Do I need to come？ —Yes， you must．/Yes， you do． —No， you needn’t．/No， you don’t． You needn’t remain in bed． =You don’t need to remain in bed． 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、单词辨音 1．pool A．poor B．tool C．foot D．look 2．within A．breath B．breathe C．thank D．think 3．wound A．would B．bought C．through D．cough 4．electric A．set B．college C．safety D．separately 5．stomach A．teacher B．check C．chair D．chemistry 二、单词拼写 1．Shekeptthebuttonsinanoldicecream____． The pot____1000 coins．（contain） 2．Be careful not to____ your mouth， as I had my mouth____just now． （burn） 3．Edison rushed to the railway and carried the boy to____． The parents were thankful for Edison____their son．（safe） 4．The____ team is to be sent to the front． He made up his mind to study____after he left school．（medicine） 5．He had his finger____just now．He is now washing the area of the____under cold running water．（cut） 6．Here is some advice for dealing with animal____．If you are____by an animal， wash the wound under cold running water．（bite） 7．____wires were brought down by falling trees，so there was no____． （electric） 8．The child____for the apple， but it was out of his____．（reach） 三、用下列词组的正确形式填空 by mistake，pay attention to，deal with，out of the reach，mouth-to-mouth 1．I have taken Sara’s jacket____，as it is similar to mine． 2．You must____what the teacher said in class． 3．keep all dangerous things of children． 4．He stopped breathing， so I had to use the____way to start his breathing． 5．How shall we____ the old newspapers？ 四、单项选择 1．Here are some written exercises that____ after class． A．need being done B．are needed to do C．need to be done D．need to do 2．You___go to school on Sundays，____ you？ A．don’t have to，have B．haven’t to，do C．haven’t bo，have D．don’t have to，do 3．Leave the books____． A．where they are B．where are they C．which they are D．in which they are 4．The dead and the____ were sent to a hospital nearby． A．injure B．injuring C．injurer D．injured 5．We will go____the people need us most． A．to the place B．to the place that C．wherever D．what 6．He did some cooking while____music． A．listening B．listening to C．listened D．listened to 7．Mary looks sad．You____her the sad news． A．should have told B．shouldn’ t have told C．mustn’t have told D．ought to have told 8．The book still____where I____it． A．lies…lay B．lies…laid C．laid…lay D．lay… lain 9．____any new machines？ A．Need we to buy B．Do we need buy C．Need we buy D．Need we buying 10．You____take the magazines out of the reading-room． A．mustn’t B．hadn’t C．haven’t to D．hadn’t to 11．The ground is wet．It____last night． A．can have rained B．should have rained C．must have rained D．ought to have 12．—Must I go now？ —____． A．No，you mustn’t B．No，you needn’t C．No，you won’t D．No，you can’t 13．Could you tell me how____the man？ A．to do with B．doing with C．to deal with D．dealing with 14．Don’t move the books on the shelf．____ them where they are． A．Put B．Place C．Let D．Leave 15．You can’t have the lights___ all night long． A．burnt B．to burn C．burning D．to be burning 16．____the back of the house， they built a garage． A．In B．By C．At D．On 17．I found him____on____ back，reading a novel． A．lay…the B．lying… one’s C．lay…his D．lying… his 18．Don’t____ the cage， in which is kept a tiger． A．be close B．get closed to C．get close to D．be closed to 19．It’s hard to let the children keep____while taking photos of them． A．quiet B．silence C．still D．silent 20．She must be sick．She___just now． A．threw out B．held up C．gave out D．threw up 【练习设计】·拓展练习 五、完形填空 We’re always 1 road accidents， and when we are in a car，we try 2 carefully，but 3 of us take the same degree of care in our homes？Any large hospital will tell you 4 acci-dents that happen in the home is almost 5 as that on the road．6 can we do to prevent them 7 ？ One of the commonest and most dangerous 8 of home accidents 9 wrong and careless use of electrical equipment．People will continue to use a loose plug（插头） 10 first turning off the power．Sometimes one forgets 11 the power before mending a lamp or something else．So the rule about anything 12 works by electricity is：Turn off 13 you touch anything． If you’ve got children in the house， it’s always the best to keep medicines of any kind out of their 14 ． 15 ， they may be taken for candies or a new kind of drink．When there are older people 16 with you， you have to make them 17 ． Remember not to dry clothes in front of fires，or leave stoves in the middle of rooms 18 they can easily be knocked over．And don’t forget to keep the children 19 fire．Smoking，too，may cause fire， so you’d better 20 ． 1．A．hearing B．heard C．hearing about D．heard about 2．A．to drive B．driving C．to take D．to taking 3．A．none B．all C．how many D．how much 4．A．the number of B．a number of C．many D．some 5．A．same B．thesame C．such D．so 6．A．What B．How C．Why D．Whether 7．A．tohappen B．beinghappened C．inhappening D．happening 8．A．cause B．causes C．reason D．reasons 9．A．are B．is C．because of D．because 10．A．without B．for C．unless D．until 11．A．cutting off B．to cut off C．cut D．cutting 12．A．that B．which C．what D．／ 13．A．until B．when C．before D．after 14．A．reach B．reaches C．way D．ways 15．A．So B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．But 16．A．live B．lives C．lived D．living 17．A．safe and happy B．safety and happy C．safe and happily D．safe and happiness 18．A．which B．that C．／ D．where 19．A．away B．away from C．out D．up 20．A．give up B．give n C．give up t D．give it up 六、阅读理解 People faint(昏厥）when the normal blood supply to the brain is suddenly cut down．This can happen if they are surprised or shocked by sudden news or by something they see．Some people faint if they see others hurt．Some people faint in crowds．Others faint if they are in a room that is hot and stuffy（窒息的）． If a person faints while standing，lay him down．If his face is pale， lift his feet．If he is sitting down when he faints， place his head between his knees Loosen（解开）any tight clothing that might keep him from breathing easily．If possible， place a cold，wet cloth on his forehead（前额）． 1．The passage tells us that people may faint if they are____． A．worried B．frightened C．happy D．tired 2．If you feel faint， you’d better____． A．lie flat B．stand up C．move slowly D．run about 3．If you feel faint when sitting， put your head____． A．against the chair back B．between your knees C．on your chest D．to one side 4．Raise a fainting person’s feet if his face____． A．feels hot B．shows shock C．looks pale D．both A and B 5．We try to help a person who has fainted by____． A．tightening（系紧）his clothing B．pressing a hot handkerchief on his forehead C．returning blood to his brain D．leaving him alone Lesson 32 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 1）all the way 2）by boat 3）belong to 4）come this way 5）dry 二、听力 掌握大意并了解采取什么措施。 三、写作 给朋友写一封信。 【讲解设计】 一、单词和词组 1．all the way 全程；一直地 Jack climbed all the way to the top of the tree． They talked and laughed all the way． 2．belong to 属于 不及物动词词组，不能用于被动语态。 The book belongs to me．（不用 mine） 3．come this way 这么走 way有几种含义： 1）方向 He went that way． 2）方法，手段 in this way 用这种方法 3）方面，（某）点 In some ways you are right． 4）道路 ask the way问路 the way to…通往……的路 4．dry使……干 在英语中，有一些形容词可以转化为动词。 Don’t dirty your new dress． 别弄脏你的新衣服。 Cool the water for a few minutes before you drink it．让水凉几分钟再喝。 二、听力 听对话录音时，注意以下三个方面： What？（发生了什么？）关键动词 When？（发生的时间？）时间短语 How？（母亲是否进行急救？怎么做的？） 三、写作 1）注意书信的格式。 2）连词成句，连句成文。 3）必要时，加适当的连词。 【练习设计】 一、听力（根据你所听到的对话及问题，选择正确答案） 1．A．Son． B．Mother． C．I． D．We． 2．A．He is all right． B．He is late． C．He doesn’t feel well． D．He looks ill． 3．A．He has got a headache． B．He has got a deep cut． C．He has caught a cold． D．He met with an accident． 二、写作 假定你叫李红，是海门中学的一名学生，于 1999年 1月 20日写信给你的 朋友黄芳。要求将下列词连成句，再连句成文，同时注意书信的格式： 1．I/how to do first aid/am/learning 2．I/everyone/learn/should/something/first aid/about/think 3．Do you know/if/see a person bleeding/you/what to do /badly 4．You/stop his bleeding/at first/ should 5．If/loses/he/one third of his blood/may die/he 6．I/you/hope/join me/will be able to/in learning/first aid 7．If/knew/everyone/first aid/would be saved/many lives