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Unit 1 The summer holidays Lesson 1 【目标与要求】 一、交际用语 1）I must be off/leaving now． 2）Nice to meet／metting you． 3）l’ll introduce you． 二、单词和词组 1）for the first time 2）at the beginning of… 3）introduce 4）in your opinion 5）turn to 6）partner 7）oral practice 三、句型 So was my friend Bob． 【讲解设计】 一、交际用语 1． I must be off/leaving． 此句常在分手时说，相当于 I must go/leave now。有时还可以在句前加上 I’mafraid…，显得语气委婉、有礼貌。例如： It’ s too late． I’ m afraid I must be off． 2．Nice to meet/meeting you． Nice to meet you相当于 I’m glad to meetyou，常用作刚见面时的寒暄语； 而Nice meeting you相当于 It’s nice meeting you，常用作分手时道别语，后面 往往接着说 Bye－bye／Good－bye。 3． I’ ll introduce you． 此句常在介绍朋友时使用。介绍别人的表达方式还有： This is Mr/Mrs/Miss… May I introduce～you to…？ I’d like you to meet… 自我介绍的方法有： May I introduce myself？I’m… Hello．My name is/I’m… 二、单词和词组 1．at the beginning of… beginning（=starting poin），意思为“起点，开始”，后面常接介词 of。 at the beginning of…表示“在……开始/开端”，注意：这里的 of不可 省略。例如： We had a quiz at the beginning of that class． At the beginning of the term， we had a one-week military training．在学 期初，我们进行了一周的军训。 2． introduce v． 意思是“介绍，引见，使相互认识”。介绍两人认识时，常说 introduce sb． to sb．。例如： Let me introduce my friend to you． He’ sJack． I introduced john to Mary last year and now they’ re married．去年我介绍约 翰和玛丽相识，现在他们结了婚。’ introduce 的名词形式是 introduction /intr+>d)EMn/。例如： Shall I make the introduction？Robert，thisis Julia． 3． in one’s opinion opinion 意思为“意见，看法”， in one ’sopinion即为“依（某人）看”， 意思接近于 I think/guess/suppose，委婉地表示个人的看法和意见；也可以与 of/about连用，表示“关于……的意见/看法”。例如： In his opinion，most people in the world are kind． Spring is the best season of the four， in my opinion． What ’s your opinion about his suggestion？ 你认为他的建议怎么样？ 4．turn to turn to在本课意为“转向……，求助于……”，它还有“翻到（书中）… …页”的意思。例如： I turned to the policeman for help． Please turn to Page 85． 三、句型 So was my friend Bob． 这是一句接着上文所说的话。“So+be/have/情态动词/助动词+主语”结构中 的 So代替本句和上句中某个相同的成分，意为“也……这样”。如果上句中有 be/have/，情态动词，So后面仍用它们；如果上句用的是实义动词，So后面动 词根据上句时态用 do的适当形式。注意此句用倒装语序。例如： I have had supper． So has he．（＝ He has had supper， too．）我吃过晚饭 了，他也是。 You can speak Japanese．So can I．（＝ I can also speak it．）你会说日语， 我也一样会说。 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、选择正确的译文 1．天快黑了。 A．It gets dark． B．It’ s getting dark． 2．依我看，你是不对的。 A．In my opinion that you are not right． B． You are not right， in my opinion． 3．现在我该走了。 A．I must be off now． B．I must off now． 4．昨天我去了农场，他也去了。 A．I went to the farm yesterday．So did he． B．I went to the farm yesterday．So he did． 5．我想介绍你认识我的美国朋友 Jane。 A． I’d like to introduce to you to my American friend， Jane． B．I’d like to introduce my American friend， Jane． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 二、选择合适的句子完成对话 —Hi， Dick！How’s your summer holidays？ —Great！ I’ve had a wonderful time in Xi’an．____？ —Oh， I went to American to visit my aunt． —Really？_______ —About 2 weeks． —______ —Certainly． And I’ll never forget that experience（经历）． —Oh， I’m afraid_____． —See you． A．How long had you been there？ B．Nice to meet you again． C．What about you？ D． How did you go there？ E．Did you have a good time？ F．So do I． G．I must be leaving now． Lessons2＆3 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 1） pen friend 2）the summer vacation 3）general 4）right now 5）find out 6）from dawn until dark 7）by the lights of… 8）employ 9）go on working 10）as a result 11）water 12）pump water from a well 13）run along channels into all parts of… 14）in the open fire 15）time area 16）ask about… 17）Beijing time 二、句型 1）It is the time of year for the rice harvest． 2）Please give my regards/love to your parents． 3）Bill sends his best wishes/love to you． 4）Best wishes． 三、语法 复习用于不同时态的特殊疑问句。 【讲解设计】 一、篇章结构 1．中心思想 In the letter， Charlie described his summer vacation on the farm and also answered Xiaojun’s question about time area． 2．段落大意 The letter can be divided into three parts． Part1． Heading and salutation． Part2．Body． A．（Para．1—3） The farm life． B．（Para．4） Time area． Part 3． Complimentary close and signature． 二、单词和词组 1．the summer vacation vacation（=holiday）意思为“假期，休假”，vacation常用于美国英语中， 而英国英语常用 holiday。注意：vacation通常没有复数形式，而 holiday可以有 复数形式，特别是指超过一天的假日。例如： the summer/winter vacation＝ the summer/winter holidays暑/寒假 They are in Guilin on vacation（= onholiday）．他们在桂林度假。 We usually take three－day vacation/holidayon National Day．国庆节我们通常 放假三天。 2．general adj． 这里的 general用作形容词，意思为“总的，一般的”。 a general idea 意思 是“大意”，ingeneral 常用于句首，表示“总的来说”。例如： Please give me the general idea of the story． Can you tell me the general rules of thegame？ In general， your idea is good．总的来说，你的想法是好的。 general还可用作名词，意思为“将军”。 He’s a great general． 3．find out find out意思为“查明，弄清”，注意和 find的区别。find意为“发现，找 到”，有偶然发现之意。而 find out 是经过调查、询问、了解才发现的意思。例如： I found my boots under the table． I’m trying to find out her telephone number． 4．employ v． 及物动词，意思为“雇佣，聘请”。注意其相关词形。employer意为“雇 主”，employee意为“雇员”。例如： The company employed two new workers． The employer is very kind to his employees． 5．go on working go on doing sth．意思为“继续（干某事），持续不断地（干某事）”，表 示一直在做某事，没有做其它事。例如： Water goes on running along the channels to the river． They went on talking on the way home． 注意 go on to do sth．和 go on with sth．的区别。 go on to do sth．表示 “（干完某事后）继续干另外一件事”，强调接着干另外一件事；go on doing sth．强调持续干同样一件事； go on with sth．强调在停顿之后继续原来的活动， with后通常接名词。例如： He went on doing his homework in his room after supper．晚饭后他一直在自己的房间里做家庭作业。 After finishing writing his homework，he went on to read the text．写完家庭作业后，他又继续读课文。 You must go on with your work．你必须继续你的工作。 6．from dawn until dark from dawn until dark意思是“从黎明到天黑”，相当于 from morning till／ until night，“从早到晚”。注意 dawn和 dark前都不用冠词。 7．as a result result意思为“结果”。例如： I didn’ t know the results of the finalexaminations． as a result（=so）意为“因此”。常在上文表 示原因的情况下，用来引导结果。例如： I got up late．As a result，I was late for class．（＝I got up late， so I was late for class．） as a result of…表示“由于……的结果”，常用在上文表示结果的情况下， 引导原因。例如： As a result of his hard work，he got a payrise．（= He worked hard． As a result， /So hegot a Pay rise．） 8．time area time area（＝ time zone）意为“时区”，指的是某一标准时适用的地区范 围。全球共分为 24个时区，即中区、东 1—11区、西 1—11区和 12区。格林尼治子 午线为中区标准线，相邻两时区的区时相差一个小时。在任意的两个时区之间， 相差几个时区，它们就相差几个小时。其中较东的时区，区时较早。 美国所处的位置在西四区和西八区之间，恰好是五个不同的时区；中国处 于东九区到东五区，也是五个不同的时区。但是实际上，为了使用方便，我国大 部分地区采用北京所在的东八区的区时，这就是“北京时间”（Beijingtime）。 9． ask about… ask about 意为“询问，打听……（的情况）”，注意和 ask， ask for区别 开来。 ask意思为“问，询问”，ask for表示“请求，要求”。例如： She asked about his new job． Don’t ask so many questions． “Have you seen my pen？ she asked． He asked for some help． 三、句型 1．It’s the time of year for the rice harvest． It’s the time（of…） for sth．/ to do sth．意为“是（做）……事的时候 了”。例如： It’s the time of day for a diary/to write adiary． It’s the time of year for rice/to grow rice． 2．Please give my regards/love to your parents． Bill sends his best wishes/love to you． 这两句常用于向别人转达问候之意。例如： Please give my best wishes to your family． 请代我向你全家问好。 Bob sends his best love to your sister． 鲍勃向你的妹妹问好。 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、单词辨音 1．vacation A．practice B．channel C．area D．oral 2．dawn A．cow B．slow C．draw D．down 3．example A．exam B．excercise C．exchange D．explanation 4．result A．put B．pull C．push D．pump 5．chemistry A．school B．change C．chest D．channel 二、单词拼写 1．He i___ me to his parents when I first met them． 2．She asked for a long v____because of her broken leg． 3．That’s all that I want to say．So what’s your o____ ？ 4．Dirty water ran along c___into the river． 5．Please give my r____ to your brother jim． 6．The company has e____over fifty clerks（n．职员）． 7．There are large a____in Australia where nobody lives． 8．It’s easy to get the g_____meaning of the text． 9． All the farmers wished a good h_____for the next year． 10．No homework today． Just some o____practice． 三、翻译词组 1．了解大意_________ 2．过一个愉快的暑假___________ 3．借助拖拉机的灯光____________ 4．看管菜园__________ 5．北京时间___________ 四、用课文中的词组替换划线部分 1．It’s getting dark． I must be leaving now．_______ 2． Every day he had to work from morning till night．___________ 3．Because of his carelessness，he lost his watch on the way home．_______ 4． By the way，Bob asked me to greet you．_________ 5． He thought he could pass this time．_______ 五、选择填空 1．It’s getting dark． I must_____． A．leaving B．off C．away D．leave 2．Now It’s your_______ to read the text． A．work B．time C．turn D．duty 3． May I_____you to my parents？ A．introduce B．know C．make D．ask 4．____most teachers， Tom is a clever student but lazy． A．In the opinion B．In an opinion C． In the opinion of D．In an opinion of 5．They’re sure they could _______his new address at last． A．find B．look through C．find out D． look for 6．He didn’ t study hard enough______，he failed． A．Otherwise B．As a result C．As the result D．So that 7．Jimmy liked handwriting．______ A．So did his brother． B．So his brother did． C．His brother，too． D．His brother did so． 8．He went to the station to______the next train to Beijing． A．ask B．ask of C．ask abut D．ask for 9．Though it was midnight，the old teacher still_____lessons． A．went on to prepare B．went preparing C．went on preparing D．work on with prepare 10．In autumn，students often go to the farm to help____the crops． A．with B．in C．of D．do 11． Yesterday he wrote a letter to his penfriend______the first time． A．for B．at C．in D．with 12． In China，harvest time comes______different time______different areas． A．at…at B．at…in C．in…at D．at…on 13．In my opinion，he is very______in the_______ film． A．interesting…interested B．interested…interested C．interested…interesting D．interesting…interesting 14． My watch may be several minutes_____．What’s the time_____your watch？ A．behind…in B．slower…by C．faster…of D．behind… by 15．The woman lost her child in a shopping centre．So she____a newspaper for help． A．turned on B．turned to C．turned into D．turned around 六、分别对划线部分提问 1．The teachers are usually busy on the first day of a new term． （1） （2） （1）_______________ （2）______________ 2．We went on walking in the forest for a whole day． （1） （2） （1）___________ （2）__________ 3．She took a pink dress， because she liked the light colour， （1） （2） （1）__________ （2）__________ 4．John ’ s father went to work by car every day． （1） （2） （1）________ （2）__________ 5．There are five boys playing under the tree ． （1） （2） （1）______________ （2）__________ 七、完成句子 1．在那些日子里，我们从早到晚忙着。 In those days， we were busy_______． 2．我在回家的路上淋到了雨，结果得了重感冒。 I was caught in the rain on my way home．____________ ， I_____________________． 3．依我看，这种汽车比火车慢多了。 ___________________ ， this type of car is ______than the train． 4．他们在熄灯后继续谈了半个小时。 They________for________half an hour after the lights went out． 5．请代我向您家人问好，我很想念他们。 Please give ________yourfamily．I miss them very much． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 八、完形填空 Dear sir， I attended the late 1 show which began at 9 p．m． 2 10th june at your cinema．Afterreturning home， I realized that I had 3 my briefcase in the cinema． 4 ，I had alreadythrown my ticket away， so I could not 5 the seat number．I sat in the middle or the fifth of sixthrow back from the front of the balcony（楼座）． I visited the cinema the day before yesterday，hoping to 6 out whether the briefcase had beenhanded in．However，the clerk 7 was not all helpful．In fact，he was even rude．The briefcase is a small brown leather with my initials（姓 名首字母） in gold on the outside， Itcontained a bunch of keys and some English magazines． I should be most 8 if you would kindly investigate（调查）the matter and check 9 or not mycase has been handed in． If it has， would you kindly let me know as 10 as possible．I would like to apologize for the trouble I have caused． Yours truly， David Brown 1．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．midnight 2．A．in B．on C．at D．of 3．A．gave B．forgot C．left D． put 4．A．Luckily B．Happily C．Sadly D．Unluckily 5．A．read B．look for C．remember D． find 6．A．find B．look at C．find out D．look for 7．A．in duty B．on duty C．in turn D．on turn 8．A．thankful B．sorry C．pleased D．angry 9．A．if B．whether C．when D．where 10．A．fast B．soon C．often D．carefully lesson 4 001 【目标与要求】 一、听力 Did you have a nice holiday？ 二、写作 关于英文书信的格式。 【讲解设计】 一、听力 1．注意整段听力材料的时空关系、人物关系、中心思想和主要事件。 2．听录音前，先浏览题目。听录音时，要特别注意 who、where、what三要素。 二、写作 英文书信格式包括信的格式和信封格式。 英文信，特别是私人信件，通常包括以下五部分：信头（heading），称呼 （salutation），正文（body），谦称和结束语（complimentary close），签名 （signature）。 英文书信格式如下图所示： 说明： 1．信头。英文信的信头包括写信人的地址和写信日期，通常放在信笺的右 上角。顺序是： 第一行门牌号和路名；第二行市（县）名、省名和国名；第三行日期，美国 人多按“月、日、年”顺序写；而英国人则按“日、月、年”顺序写。 2．称呼。英文信里的称呼一般以Dear…或MyDear…开头。给亲属写信时， 在Dear…或MyDear…后面加上亲属关系的词即可（例如：DearDad，DearAunt 等）；给一般朋友、同事写信时，可直呼其名（例如：DearXiaojun，DearLinda 等）；给不太熟悉的人写信时，常在Dear或MyDear后面加上“某先生”或 “某太太”等（例如：DearMrCheng，DearMrsWhite等）。 3．正文。英文信的正文要求文字简明达意，层次分明，字迹清楚。如果写 回信，通常应先提到收到对方的信，并表示感谢，如： ThankyouforyourletterofSep．5th，1998，然后再接着写。 4．结束语。英文信的结束语相当于中文信尾的“祝你健康！”、“此致敬 礼！”等。此类的祝词或问候语常在正文最下面一行，常用的结束语有： Bestwishes/regards．祝好！Wishingyougoodluck／success！祝你走运/成功！ 5．签名。英文信的签名常签在结束语下面一至两行的右下方。名前还可写 上一些客套语，如Yourssincerely，Yourstruly，Yoursever或Yours等。 英文信封格式如下图所示： 【练习设计】·书面表达 给 Charlie写封回信，谈谈自己的暑假生活。内容包括： 1）有将近两个月的 暑假；2）暑假之初，白天忙于做作业，晚上看电视，周末常和家人去购物； 3）8月 10日至 8月 20日参加了在北京举行的全国中学生英语夏令营，结识了 一些朋友；4）夏令营期间还参观了北京的许多风景名胜；5）在北京度过了一 段愉快的时光。 要求：1）注意写信格式。2）不超过 150个单词。