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Unit 19 A freedom fighter Lesson 73 【目标与要求】 一、交际用语 1）Haven’t you heard？ 2）I’m a stranger here． 二、单词和词组 1）march 2）demand 3）forbid 4）peacefully 5）citizen 6）join in 7）over and over again 8）put…in prison 三、句型 We want the same rights as the white peo-ple in the city． 【讲解设计】 一、交际用语 1．Haven’t you heard？ 难道你没有听说此事吗？ 这是一个否定疑问句，在口语中较常用，常表示惊讶、责备等语气。例如： “Can’t you see that I have teeth likeyou？”，the bat said to the animals． Can’t you come a bit earlier？ 2．I’m a stranger here．我对这儿陌生。 stranger名词“陌生人”，在问路时，当被问者对该地也是人生地不熟时， 常用此词。例如： —Can you tell me the way to the post-of- fice？ —Sorry，I’m a stranger here myself． 这种回答也可以是： —Sorry，I am new to this city． 二、单词和词组 1．march 行进，行军 既可以作动词，也可作名词。例如：on themarch在行军中；the Long March 长征 They have marched thirty miles today． 他们今天已经行走了三十英里。 2．demand 1）及物动词，意思是“要求（某事物），需要，要求”。例如： The policeman demanded his name and ad- dress．警察要求他说出姓名和住 址。 The teacher demanded that we should finish our work before dark．老师要求我 们傍晚前完成任务。 The room demands cleaning． 2）名词，“要求，所要求之物”。例如： It is impossible to satisfy all demands． 3．forbid 及物动词，意思为“禁止，不许”，其过去式、过去分词为： forbade/forbad，forbidden。例如： He forbade his daughter to work in thesonth．他不许他女儿到南方工作。 The reading room forbids taking the maga-zines out．阅览室不许把杂志带出 去。 No one can forbid their marriage．没人能阻止他俩的婚姻。 4．put… in prison 意思是“把某人关进监狱”，是固定词组，切忌在 prison前加冠词，类似 的词组还有：send sb．to prison“把某人关进监狱”，be inprison“在坐牢”， be in hospital“在住院”，go tohospital“去看病”，go to school/college等等。 三、句型 We want the same rights as the white peo-ple in the city．我们想同城里的 白人有同样的权利。 在 the same as的结构中，as用作关系代词，引导一个定语从句，在从句中 可作主语、宾语或表语等，相类似的结构还有：such…as，as many as，as much as。例如： He wanted to buy the same bike as I have．I haven’t such a book as you mentioned． 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、用所给词或词组的适当形式填空 demand，peacefully，march，forbid，citizen，join in，over and over again，put…in prison，treat…as，imagine 1．This kind of work____special knowledge． 2．Be serious．Don’t____the matter____a joke． 3．Will you____us____ dancing？ 4．We can hardly____life without water and electricity． 5．The teacher explained the sentence to us____ until we all understood． 6．The soldiers were on the____towards the front in spite of the heavy rain． 7．China，a____ nation，is strongly against war． 8．We are____ to smoke in the reading-room． 9．The____ of Paris turned out to welcome their guest． 10．The young man was____ for stealing． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 二、选择合适的句子完成对话 Doctor： 1 Tom：I’ve got a terrible sore throat and a headache． I’ve had it for two days now and it isn’t any better． 2 Doctor： 3 Tom：I don’t think I’ve got a fever．I just feel as if I’m getting flu or something． Doctor：Well，you’ve got a slight temperature． 4 Tom：Not very good．I don’t feel hungry． Doctor：Take the medicine three times a day and you’ll get better soon． Tom： 5 Doctor：Yes，of course． A．Can I help you？ B．How’s your appetite（胃口）？ C．What’s the matter with you？ D．Shall I have a few dsys off school． E．Let me take your temperature． F．How are you． G．I thought I’d better come to see you． Lesson 74～75 019 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 1）set an exmple to 2）as well as 3）in any form 4）be free to do… 5）by law 6）achieve one’s goal 7）hold important jobs 8）murder 9）explode 10）unfair 11）call for sb．to do… 12）make a speech 13）dream 14）judge by 15）side by side 二、句型 1）There black people had equal rights andwere free to live，study and work as theywished． 2）The money spent on educating a black childwas just one fourth of that spent on eachwhite child． 3）A group was formed to demand that the buscompany should change its unfair practices… 三、语法 复习定语从句：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1）Citizens of the USA who are going abroadneed to show their passports． （限制性定语从句） 2）We were against Law 531，which stoppedblack people from using the parks．（非限制性定语从句） 【讲解设计】 一、篇章结构 1．中心思想 The passage mainly describes how MartinLuther King，Jr．played an important part inwinning equal rights for black people．It highlypraises him for his fighting will．At the sametime，it discloses the social problem that blackpeople and white people are not treated equallyin the USA． 2．段落大意 The whole text can be divided into fourparts： Part 1（ParA．1） Brief introduction of the political leader． Part 2（ParA．2～4） His early life，his belief and his achieve-ment． Part3（ParA．5） His death and his effect on other black peo-ple． Part 4（ParA．6～8） His fighting for the rights of the black peo- ple． 二、单词和词组 1．set an example to 为……树立榜样 example可数名词，“榜样、典范、例子”的意思。例如： He gave an example of bravery． Lei Feng set an example to us in serving thepeople heart and soul． set a good example to sb． for example例如 take an example of…以……为例 2． in any form 意思是“以任何形式”。类似的词组还有：in the form of… You can express your feelings in any form． 你可以以任何方式表达你的感情。 He gave us the advice in the form of a ques-tion．他以问题的形式给我们提出 了建议。 3．hold important jobs 拥有重要的工作 hold在此处意思是“担任（职务）、掌握（权力）、持有（见解）、拥有（财 产）”等。例如： Nowadays a lot of women also hold highpositions in the government．现在许多 妇女在政府机关担任重要的职位。 Mr Brown holds a half share in the busi-ness．布朗先生拥有企业一半的股份。 4．call for sb．to do sth． 在此处 call for sb．to do sth．相当于 callon sb．to do sth．“号召某人做… …” call for还有“要求，需要”的意思。如： The blacks went on strike to call for theirrights．黑人进行罢工要求他们的权 利。 The Party calls for us to learn from LeiFeng．党号召我们向雷锋同志学习。 三、句型 1．There black people had equal rights andwere free to live，study and work as theywished．黑人在那里享有平等的权利，可以像他们所希望的那样自 由地生活、学习和工作。 句中 as they wished是方式状语从句，意思是“像他们所希望的那样”。as 意思为“像……那样去……，依照，如……，随……”等。例如： Do as what the teacher tells you to． You may go anywhere as you like． Don’t always do as others do． 2．The money spent on educating a black childwas just one fourth of that spent on eachwhite child．花在黑人儿童身上的教育经费只及白人儿童的四分之 一。 句中 one fourth of that中的 that是指示代词，代 the money。在英语中，尤其 是在比较状语从句中，经常用 that和 those来替代前面所提到的东西，以避免重 复。例如： The population of China is much largerthan that of Japan． These machines work much better thanthose produced in that factory． 3．A group was formed to demand that the buscompany should change its unfair practices…成立了一个组织，要求公共汽车公司改变这套不公平的做法… … 句中 that the bus company… practices是动词 demand的宾语，我们称为宾语 从句。 demand后面所接的宾语从句中，其结构通常是：should+动词原形。其中 should可以省略，类似的动词还有：insist（坚持做……），suggest（建议做… …），order等。例如： The emperor ordered that this kind of clothbe made at once． He insisted that he（should）go there alone． I demanded that the work be finished with-in an hour． 四、语法 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 1）在语法中，限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句是有所区别的，限制性 定语从句对它所修饰的先行词（人或物）起限定作用，如没有定语从句限定， 主句意思就不明确，或者所指就不清。而非限制性定语从句对它的先行词（人、 物或整个主要所表达的概念）起进一步的说明作用，定语从句去掉，句子意思 仍很完整，表达仍很清楚。例如： ① A student wno studies hard will makegood progress． ② The student，who lives far from school，is the leader of their football team． 试比较：句①中who引导的是限制性定语从句，如果去掉它，剩下主句 “A student willmake good progress”意思就很不明确；而句②中who的先行词 是 the student，定语从句wholives far from school只对先行词起了进一步的说明。 定语从句去掉，主句“The student is theleader of their football team．”句意没什 么变化，仍很完整，很明确。 2）从形式看，限制性定语从句和主句紧密相连，关系词和先行词之间不加 逗号；而非限制性定语从句一般多用逗号和主句分开。试比较下列句子： He has a brother who is a PLA man．他有一个当解放军的哥哥（他不只一个 哥哥）。 He has a brother，who is a PLA man．他有一个哥哥是当解放军的（他只有 一个哥哥）。 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、单词辨音 1．housing A．horse B．lose C．house D．practise 2．citizen A．tennis B．model C．delay D．object 3．flour A．hour B．courage C．court D．tour 4．dream A．dreamt B．meant C．peaceful D．break 5．bomb A．habit B．cubic C．balloon D．doubt 二、单词拼写 1．I like the style of the book，but I don’t like the c____． 2．Students are f____ the use of the machine． 3．These things can’t be done at the same time．We’ll deal with them s____． 4．He d____that the books should be returned to the school library at once． 5．The bomb e____in Atlanta and the banker was murdered． 6．The couple love each other deeply and their m____ is full of happiness． 7．Before l____，the peasants always led a hard life． 8．Zhou Enlai devoted all his life to the Chinese r____． 9．He insisted that people should demand their rights p____． 10．His d____of becoming a pianist came true at last． 三、用所给词或词组的适当形式填空 by law，side by side，judge from，murder，set an example to，unfair，make a speech，share，give in，separate 1．England____from France by the English Channel． 2．You can take one pound of flesh from him____no more，no less． 3．Only by fighting____can we win victory． 4．The____ happened two months ago，but the police are still looking for the____． 5．I don’t like to____ the hotel bedroom with a stranger． 6．He failed again and again，but he didn’t____to his failure． 7．The famous professor is going to____ in the hall tonight． 8．He____ us by doing everything carefully． 9．It’s____ for us to get paid so late． 10．____what he said，he has known everything． 四、选择填空 1．Tom has the same bike____ Jack has． A．Which B．that C．whose D．as 2．That’s the way____you learn spoken English． A．/ B．where C．which D．as 3．—What do you think of the computers in this shop？ —Quite good，but I can’t afford to buy____． A．it B．the one C．one D．this 4．They came into the restaurant，sat down and____some beer． A．ordered for B．called for C．asked D．bought for 5．You can go there at once if you____． A．hope B．want C．wish to D．will be 6．They____me as if I were a fool． A．considered B．looked C．saw D．treated 7．He is not an honest man that you____． A．thought him to be B．thought of him to be C．thought about him D．thought of him 8．The matter____our attention without delay． A．demands B．asks C．need D．pays 9．Rose as well as her parents____to the party． A．have invited B．have been invited C．has invited D．has been invited 10．Production of iron has increased____30％ in the last two years． A．for B．of C．at D．by 【练习设计】·拓展练习 五、完形填空 Lawrence Henderson was walking slowly down the road of Jefferson University． 1 inthought． Several weeks 2 commercial（商业的）laboratory in town had asked him to work for himat almost twice the salary he was getting as a 3 ．He didn’t know whether 4 it or not，be-cause he liked teaching． 5 he wanted to get more money for his family． That evening， his 6 Bob，paid a visit to him．Lawrence asked whether Bob was working asa 7 ．Bob replied that he wasn’t and said he wanted to 8 Lawrence for helping him decidewhat he should do．Lawrence was 9 ．Bob explained．“I 10 six months in your class and ev-erything 11 ．You made chemistry so interesting that I 12 the idea of becoming a salesmanand decided to continue studying 13 ．I’m now 14 to become a doctor．Thank you，Mr Hen- derson，for not letting me make a 15 ” Lawrence said：“You have helped me 16 than youknow．” After Bob left，Lawrence said to his wife，“It isn’t 17 that made me want to leave 18 ．I don’t know if I was 19 as a teacher Bob is only one student，but that’s 20 ．If I helped onestudent，I guess I helped the others too much and I feel much better about everything． 1．A．missing B．lost C．lose D．deeply 2．A．ago B．later C．past D．before 3．A．student B．worker C．teacher D．guard 4．A．take B．to receive C．accept D．to accept 5．A．and B．but C．or D．if 6．A．friend B．roommate C．neighbour D．student 7．A．doctor B．teacher C．salesman D．professor 8．A．thank B．praise C．help D．ask 9．A．glad B．surprised C．pleased D．disappointed 10．A．cost B．took C．spent D．gave 11．A．happened B．stopped C．appeared D．changed 12．A．gave up B．gave in C．formed D．made 13．A．science B．history C．geography D．something 14．A．preparing B．wanted C．like D．ready 15．A．choice B．plan C．mistake D．decision 16．A．much B．a lot C．great D．more 17．A．money B．my family C．the students D．the school 18．A．the city B．teaching C．work D．working 19．A．right B．fit C．successful D．liked 20．A．enough B．true C．a lot D．many 六、阅读理解 A man lost the sight of one eye when a bottle of cola produced by the Shanghai No．1 Soft-drinkfactory Factory exploded.According to the report,the man is asking for 20,000 yuan compensation(赔偿) from the factory and is suing (起诉) it in a court. According to the report ,the man put the bottle in his refrigerator on the morning of September 14 of last year. The bottle exploded when he opened it that evening .The sight of his right eye also badly affected. The man went to the factory to talk about the compensation many times,but the leaders in the refused to bear the whole responsibility and suggested 1000 yuan in compensation．Followingthe failure of many rounds of discussion，the man was forced to deal with the problem according to the law． Further study of the case is now under way． 1．Because____，the man’s left eye was seriously wounded． A．there was poison in the drink B．the lid of the bottle suddenly jumped up C．he drank too cold cola D．of the explosion of the bottle 2．According to the article____． A．the rifrigerator factory also bear responsibility for it B．Shanghai No．1 Soft-drink Factory will make 20，000 yuan compensation C．the man will receive only 1000 yuan D．the case hasn’t come to an end 3．The best title of the article would be____． A．Cola Is a Dangerous Drink B．Man Sues Factory for Loss of Sight C．How Did the Man Get Blind D．The Law Helps the Man Lesson 76 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 1）own 2）permit 3）vote 4）attend poor schools 5）run one’s own businesses 6）put up tall buildings 二、听力 掌握大意，查找细节。 三、写作 写一封关于今日中国政治生活的信。 【讲解设计】 一、单词和词组 1．permit通行证、许可证 v．允许，许可 You can’t drive here without a driving per-mit．没有驾驶证你不能在这边开 车。 The teacher permitted us to go to the cine- mA．老师允许我们去看电影了。 2．attend poor schools attend及物动词，意思是“到场，出席，参加，上（学）”等。例如： You should attend the meeting，It’s veryimportant．你应该参加会议，会议 很重要。 The old woman attends church every Sun-day．那老妇人每星期天都上教堂。 二、听力 1）听清老师的简要介绍，了解整段材料所涉及的内容，意识到听该材料的 首要任务。 2）浏览题目，听录音时要注意抓住该得的内容。 3）首遍听，应只听不答，力争听懂全部材料。 4）听二、三甚至四遍，完成练习。 三、写作 1）该写作材料是一封给笔友的信，因此，要求以书信的格式写。 2）通过所给材料列好提纲，注意组织句子。 3）组句成文。 【练习设计】 一、听力（根据你所听到的材料选择正确答案） 1．Bob got to school at____． A．8∶00 B．8∶12 C．7∶45 2．A．I don’t like English． B．I like both English and French． C．I don’t like both of them． 3．A．There is a big tree here now． B．There isn’t any big tree here now． C．There used to be no trees here． 4．A．I went to see him long age． B．I’ll go to see him another day． C．I went to see him a few days ago． 5．A．Not until 11 o’clock did I go to bed last night． B．I went to bed until 11 o’clock last night． C．I didn’t go to bed last night． 二、将下列两个句子合并成一个带有定语从句的句子 1．I finally reached the building．My office lies there． 2．They arrived at a cottage．A boy was sitting in front of the cottage． 3．Dickens was a great novelist．His novels were read all over the world． 4．Mr Smith is our English teacher．He is very strict with us．