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Unit 15 Healthy eating Lesson 57 【目标与要求】 一、交际用语 1）What can I do for you？ 2）What was the matter？ 3）You’d better have a good rest． 4）And I advise you not to eat fruit that isn’t ripe in future． 二、单词和词组 1）get a pain here 2）examine 3） have noodles for lunch 4） feel well 5）a bit green 6）nothing serious 7）have a good rest 8）take this medicine 9）three times a day 10）advise you not to do… 11） ripe 12）in future 13）in four hour’s time 三、句型 1）And I advise you not to eat fruit that isn’t ripe in future． 2）I suggest that you drink plenty of water and have a good rest． 【讲解设计】 一、交际用语 You’d better have a good rest． You’d better do… 的意思是“你最好做…… ，You’d better not do…的 意思是“你最好别做……”这是口语中经常用来向别人提出 建议的句型。注意：You’d better（not）+不带 to的动词不定式。如： You’ d better answer the letter right now． You’d better not go out alone in such bad weather． 二、单词和词组 1． examine examine意为“（仔细）检查，对……进行考试”。可作为及物动词也可作 为不及物动词。 例如： All the students will be examined in the subjects they have learned． They are sure to examine into the matter． examine的派生词有： examiner n．考官 examinee n．受审查者，受试人 examination n．检查，考试 2． a bit green 1）a bit意为“一点儿”，可以作程度副词使用，与 a little同义，用于口语。 如： I’m a bit hungry， I’d like to have something to eat． This shirt is a bit（too） large for me． a bit的否定形式为 not a bit，其含义相当于 not at all，意为“一点也不”。 如： He wasn’t a bit worried when he found that his car had been stolen． 2）green作“没有成熟的”解，是 ripe（成熟的）的反义词。如： Green bananas don’t taste good． The tomatoes are still too green to pick． 3． in future in future的意思是“今后”，相当于 from now on。例如： You should work harder in future． 短语的 in the future的意思是“将来”，相当于 in time yet to come。 例如： The little boy always tries to imagine what it will be like in the future． 三、句型 I advise you not to eat fruit that isn’t ripe in future． 1）advise是主句的谓语动词，you是宾语，not to eat fruit是动词不定式短 语，做宾语补足语， that isn’t ripe是定语从句，修饰 fruit。 2）advise是及物动词，在本句中的用法是 advise ＋ N．/Pron，+不定式 （即复合宾语），意思是“劝或建议……做……”。如： My teacher advised me to read some magazines in English． He advised his father not to smoke． advise sb．（not） to do… 也是日常用语中常用来提出建议或劝告的句型。 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、根据下列对话中的回答写出问句 1．A：___________________________？ B： I’ve got a pain in my chest．I can’t go to sleep while in bed． 2．A：____________________________？ B： I had bread， milk and an egg for breakfast． 3．A：_____________________________？ B： The doctor told me to take some medicine and drink more water． 4．A：_____________________________？ B：Take two pills three times a day． 5．A：_________________________________？ B： Ouch！ I feel pain here． 【练习设计】·拓展练习 二、选择合适的句子完成对话 A： Hi，Simon， 1 Come in． B： Thanks， Jill． How are you？ A：Oh， I’m fine． Come and sit down． 2 B：No， I’ll keep it on， thanks．I’m a bit cold． A： 3 B：No，just tired，I think． A： What’s the matter？ B： 4 Let’s not talk about that． A： Well， would you like something to drink？ A cup of coffee？ B： 5 A： Not sure． I’ll have a look． No，sorry， no beer． B： Never mind．Coffee will be fine． A．You are not ill， are you？ B． I’d prefer a beer， if you have got some． C．What’s wrong with you？ D． Shall I take your coat？ E． What a surprise！ F． I’d like coffee instead of beer． G．Oh， problems at work． Lessons 58＆59 【目标与要求】 一、单词和词组 1）diet of 2）contain 3）need energy to live 4）be measured in calories 5）be rich/low in 6）take enough exercise 7）put on weight 8）in the form of 9）potato crisps 10）one person in ten 11）by the age of 12）scores of 13）die at an early age from heart illnesses 14）have weight problems 15）unhealthy 16）at the end（of） 17）cause 二、句型 1）When playing football， you might be using 400 calories an hour． 2）On sports Day， during the relay race，you will use most of all， perhaps as much as 650 calories an hour． 3）In some parts of Britain， one person in ten，by the age of thirty， has no teeth left． 4）As a result， many Westerners die at an early age from heart illnesses． 5）Which do you think is healthy and which is unhealthy？ 三 、语 法 提建议，给予劝告。 1）You’d better have a good rest． 2） I advise you not to eat fruit that isn’t ripe in future． 3）I suggest that you drink plenty of water and have a good rest． 【讲解设计】 一、篇章结构 1．中心思想 People need water and a diet of healthy foods and these foods will change into energy for people to live．Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world while people in the Western world do not eat healthy foods． As a result，Many Westeners die at an early age and many of them have weight problems as well． 2．段落大意 The whole text can be divided into four parts． Part1（Para．1） Every person needs water and healthy foods． Part 2（ Para．2） People need energy to live． Part 3 （Para． 3） The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world． Part 4（Para．4） The result of the diet in the Western world． 二、单词和词组 1．diet diet和 food都可作为“食物”解。但 diet指的是习惯的食物或规定的食物， 特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物，如病人的疗养饮食，food是指一般的用语， 凡能吃喝的、有营养的东西都称 food。例如： The doctor put me on a special diet． 医生给我规定了特别的饮食。 To enjoy good health，you need both a balanced diet and regular exercise．要有好的身体，你既要饮食平衡，又要经 常锻炼。 The sick man can’t live without food， buthe must have a diet without sugar．这位病人没有食物无法存活，但他必须进食没有糖的饮食。 2． be rich/low in be rich in…的意思是“……丰富”，be lowin… 的意思是“……缺乏”。如： This milk is low in fat， and is considered tobe a good drink for the old． Celery is rich in fibre．芹菜富含纤维。 3．put on weight 意思为“增加体重”，lose weight的意思为“减去一些体重，减肥”。例如： If you think you become fat，you’d better try to lose some weight． I don’t think you should lose weight，instead， you should eat more to put on weight． 4．scores of score的原意是“20”，前面有具体数词时，score单复数同形，后面应接 可数名词的复数。 如： According to the Bible， people can expect tolive for three score years and ten（=70years）．根据《圣经》，人们有希望活到古稀之年。 本文中的 scores of是固定搭配，scores of +可数名词复数，意思为 a lot of…，表示“许多，大量”。如： Scores of students went into the hall to listen to the speech after class． There were scores of people on board when the ship sank， maybe fifty or more． 5．unhealthy unhealthy由否定前缀 un+形容词 healthy构成，意为“不健康”的。再如： un＋ kind = unkind不仁慈的 un＋easy＝ uneasy令人不安的 un＋ happy = unhappy不高兴的 un＋ true＝ untrue不真实的 6．cause cause作动词用，意为“引起”，作名词时意为“原因、事业”。例如： The driver’s carelessness caused the accident． We must find out the cause of the problem． Martin Luther King lost his life for the cause of the blacks’ rights．马丁·路 德·金为争取黑人权利的事业献出了生命。 三、句型 1．On Sports Day，during the relay race，you will use most of all，perhaps as much as 650 calories an hour． as much as和 as many as 都作“多达，到达，有……之多”解释。 as mucn as +不可数名词，as many as +可数名词。 650 calories虽然是复数形式，但是把 它看成一个数值或量。例如： We could save as much as 1000 yuan a month if we tried． Before he died， he donated as many as 10，000 books to his school． 2．In some parts of Britain， one person in ten，by the age of thirty， has no teeth left． 1） one person in ten 的意思是“10个人中就有一个人”，也可以用 out of 代替 in：one person out of ten。 in和 out of的具体含义是“在（几个）中有… …”。如： Nine out of ten young people like fast food． At that time one in every ten families had a TV set． One out of five men can’t find a job here． 2）by的意思是“在……之前”，相当于 before。by the age of thirty，直译是： 不到 30岁。而我们学过的 at the age of…的意思是“在……岁的时候”。试比较： At the age of ten， he left home to make hi sown living． By the age of ten， he had learned 2，000English words． 3．As a result， many Westerners die at an early age from heart illnesses． 一般来说，die from常指除了疾病或感情以外造成的死亡，意为“死于…， 因…死亡”，往往表示间接原因。例如： die from a wound 死于外伤 die from an accident死于事故 When too many trees have been cut down， wild animals can die from lack of food． The boy died from his fall out of the high window． 4．Which do you think is healthy and which is unhealthy？ do you think是插入语，插在疑问句中间，不必用逗号前后隔开。因为 do you think 已是问句形式，被插入句可用正常语序。例如： What do you think she wants？ 还要注意被插入句的主谓语的一致性。例如： What do you think has happened？ 通常作陈述句的插入语的有： I think， I’m afraid， I believe， you know 等短语，这些插入语 前后通常用逗号和句子分开。例如： It won’t stop raining tomorrow， I’m afraid． The medicine will help， I hope． 四、语法 提建议，给予劝告的表达法 1） I advise you to do not to do something． 这个句型用于给人劝告，例如： I advise you to eat more vegetables． 2）You’d better（not）do… 这个句型是用来委婉地表达一种建议，you’d相当于 you had。注意句中 do 是原形动词，用否定式时 not直接放在 do前。例如： You’d better stay in bed． You’d better not swim in this river． 3）I suggest（that）you do… 这个句型用来提建议时，宾语从句中的谓语动词是虚拟语气形式。可以说： I suggest（that） you should do…，should可以省略。因此，I suggest（that） you do…句型中的 do在任何人称时态情况下，保持原形。例如： I suggest（that） you read English every morning． I suggest（that） the work be done in two days． 4）Why not do…？ Why don’t you do…？ 这两个句型含义一样，都委婉地表达了一种建议。 Why not do…？是 Why don’t you do…？的简略式，注意 Why not do…？句中 do是不带 to的动 词原形。例如： Why not tell me the truth？＝ Why don’t you tell me the truth？ 5）其他的一些提建议给劝告的表达法 Have you considered doing…？ What about（doing）…？ How about（doing）…？ 【练习设计】·基础练习 一、单词辨音 1．diet A．science B．die C．weight D．believe 2．exercise A．explain B．example C．experiment D．expert 3．sugar A． hamburger B．energy C．form D．burn 4．crisp A．first B．rich C．might D．advise 5．healthy A．meat B．vegetable C．many D．cream 二、单词拼写 1．People having sports every day use more e________ than those who don’t． 2．It was his carelessness that c__________ the accident． 3． It you want to be stronger，you’d better t_______ enough exercise every day． 4．Will you please help me to m_______ the length of the room？ 5．You’d better not eat too much chocolate， or you’ll pnt on w_______ very easily． 6．It’s good to eat fruits because they c_______ a lot of water and vitamin． 7． More and more children in China like to eat h________ in KFC． 8．My grandma is still very healthy as the result of a d_______ of healthy foods every day． 9． Compared with the food in W_______ world， Chinese food is healthier． 10． This r______ won’t open tonight， you’d better find another one to have your dinner． 三、选择本单元中出现的单词或词组，用其正确的形式替换划线部分 1．More than sixty people attended the meeting last Saturday． （ ） 2．This kind of food has much sugar but has little fat． （ ） 3．He eats a lot every day but doesn’t take enough exercise， so he becomes fatter very easily． （ ） 4． This book is useful for me．It has a lot of knowledge in almost every field． （ ） 5．We keep in touch with each other by writing letters． （ ） 6．There are fifty students in our class, and five dtudents didn’t pass the exam． （ ） 7．Your body is using 100 calories while you are walking． （ ） 8．He spent a lot of time practising spoken English， so， he speaks English the best now in his class． （ ） 四、选择填空 1．Look at that big water melon． It weights _______ 10 kilos． A．as much as B．as many as C．so much as D．so many as 2． By the age of 40， he ______ more than ten novels and now some of them even have been translated into other languages． A． has written B．had written C． having written D． has been written 3． The energy is measured calories． A． of B． at C． in D．by 4．_________ his hard work， he was promoted（提升） by his boss． A． Because B． As C．Since D． Because of 5．Which of the following is NOT right？ A．Three scores of books were stolen last month． B．Scores of people have been killed in the fire． C．I saw about three score soldiers walking up and down before the hall． D． There are a score of eggs in the basket． 6． _______ do you think run the fastest in our class？ A．Whom B． Which C． Who D．What 7．Every time I was in trouble， he would give me some good ______ ． A．advice B．advices C．advise D．advises 8．Different jobs need different people _______ them ． A．to do B．doing C．to be done D．to be doing 9．I have ______ my father to give up smoking but he never listens to me． A．talked B．suggested C．discussed D．advised 10．More and more people living in cities die ______ diseases such as cancers， heart illnesses and so on． A．out B．from C．in D．for 五、中译英 1．过去人们通常以写信形式交流（communicate），现在经常以打电话的 形式进行交流。 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2．你认为解决这个问题的关键是什么？ _________________________________________________ 3．这套设备将花去我们多达 30，000美元的费用。 _________________________________________________ 4．我发现这个村子只有十分之三的人曾上过学。 __________________________________________________ 5．这种食物在老人中很受欢迎，因为它低糖低脂肪。 ____________________________________________________ 6．如果你坚持每天进行足够的锻炼，你很快就会减肥。 _________________________________________________________________ _____ 7．拥有一份健康的饮食是非常重要的，而中国的饮食被认为是世界上最健 康的。 _____________________________________________________________ 8．由于不健康的饮食，死于心脏病的人越来越多。 ____________________________________________________________ 【练习设计】·拓展练习 六、短文改错 We were having so fine weather in London 1．___________ that Robert suggested to spend Christmas 2．___________ week in a Italian seaside town we had 3．___________ visited the previous summer．We thought this idea over for a day or two and then made their 4．____________ minds to go．When we asked my brother I could 5．_______________ lend some money from him， he advised me 6．____________ not to go somewhere at that time of the 7．__________ year but finally agreed to help us when we promise to 8．_________ give back the loan from my next month’s salary． The manager of the local tourist office gave me some advice and a lot of useful informations abut our trip from 9．________ London to Italy， hotels and type of clothes to take 10．_________ with us for Christmas week． Lesson 60 【目标与要求】 一、听力 At the doctor’s 二、写作 学写建议信。 【讲解设计】 一、听力 1）注意五个人各自叙述的主要内容，抓住关键词语，对号入座。 2）听录音时先快速浏览各部分联系的要求，带着目的去听，对重要的细节 要牢记，尤其留心否定词及身体部位的词，以便提高答题速度及准确性。 二、写作 学会使用给予建议及劝告之类的句型。注意正确使用含有 advice和 suggest 等词的句法，并学会根据日常生活中所发生的事儿提出恰当合适的建议或劝告。 【练习设计】 一、听力 听录音选择正确的答案。 1．Mexico is the name of a ________． A．state B．country C．city D．town 2． Which of the following statements is true？ A．Mother’s Day is observed in most countries． B．Only those whose mothers are alive observe Mother’s day． C．Americans hold Mother’s day celebrations on May 10． D．People can judge whether a person’s mother is living or dead． 3．People can judge whether a person’s mother is living or dead only by_______ ． A． the gifts he presents to his mother B．the love he gives to his mother C． the flower he wears D． the clothes he wears 4．In this passage a carnation is a type of______． A．cap B．flower C．tie D．plant without flower 5． Philadelphia held a celebration to honor______ in 1908． A．Jarvis’s mother B．the American mothers C．Miss Anna Jarvis D．the English mothers 二、书面表达 假设你是陈玲，最近听说你的一个好朋友王红因胃痛在家休息，你因学习 忙要考试没时间去看她，因此给她写了封信。信里给她安慰并提了一些建议，如 少吃多餐，不要喝凉水，不要熬夜，多休息等。（80词左右） Dear Wang Hong，