节目资讯
刊物:空中英语教室
日期:2013-03-01
难易度:Medium
关键字:inventor, gambling, slice, persuade, earl, tart
In our lesson called "Whose Name?" today, we're learning about different things
that were named after different people.
Already we've talked about the Earl of Sandwich, John Montagu who lived a couple
of centuries ago.
And he invented something interesting.
Or he didn't invent something, but we're going to find out what was named after
him in this next part of our reading for today.
We're going to find all about the sandwich and how it got its name.
(Music).
Whose Name?
He spent long hours working or gambling and didn't wish to stop for a meal.
He had his servants put meat between two slices of bread to eat while he worked.
His friends began to ask for similar snacks, and the name "sandwich" came into
common use.
Granny Smith apples are named for Maria Ann Smith, a grandmother.
Born into a farm family in 1799, Maria married Thomas Smith at 19.
They were persuaded by the British government to move to Australia.
On their farm near Sydney, they grew apple trees.
Their special variety of tart apple became known as a Granny Smith.
So John Montagu spent long hours working or gambling and didn't wish to stop for
a meal.
He was working and gambling so much, or maybe he was so busy doing those things
that he didn't want to stop.
And that was the beginning of the sandwich.
But we do have an important word that we want to look at in this sentence.
This word is "gambling." Gambling, this is a noun.
But Gabe, what is gambling?
Well, gambling is when you use your money or something like that is very
valuable and you take a risk.
You're not sure if you're going to make more or maybe you will lose some.
And of course, many games involve gambling.
Carolyn, how else might you see this word "gambling"?
Well, you can also say "gamble." He likes to gamble or she likes to gamble.
Or "don't gamble with your life" means don't take chances that could put you in
danger, so.
You should always wear your seat belt when you are in a car because you don't
want to take a chance when you are in an accident.
Don't gamble with your life.
Yes. And another phrase that we say sometimes is, "It's a gamble." It's kind of
risky.
Should we try to go see that movie?
It's starting in 15 minutes.
It's a gamble.
I don't know if we're going to make it in time.
Sometimes we use that phrase.
And now we want to go over to the Grammar Gym to see what Liz has to tell us
today.
HI, friends.
Welcome to the Grammar Gym.
My name is Liz.
And here's our Grammar Tip sentence.
He spent long hours working or gambling and didn't wish to stop for a meal.
Our focus today is on the sentence pattern.
[Someone] spends long hours [doing something] and didn't wish to stop for a
[something else].
Now this is a great sentence pattern to use when you want to talk about how
somebody is busy with an activity and doesn't want to stop to do something else.
For example:
The artist has spent hours working on his painting and doesn't wish to stop for
a break.
Or: Tom spent long hours writing his paper and didn't wish to stop for a snack.
Now it's your turn.
Can you think of an activity that someone spends a long time on, and it's an
activity that he or she would rather not stop for anything else.
If you have this month's magazine with you, be sure to check out today's Grammar
Tip section for more example sentences.
This is Liz from the Grammar Gym, saying goodbye.
Thank you very much, Liz.
I'm sure you spent long hours preparing that little lesson for us.
OK, let's move on in the article.
Gabe, what does the next sentence say?
Well, we're finding out about John Montagu here.
He did not want to stop working or gambling, and so he had his servants put meat
between two slices of bread to eat while he worked.
Well, this is a very creative way to maybe invent a new kind of food.
He didn't want to stop, and so he had his servants help him by putting meat
between two slices of bread.
Let's take a look at that Word Bank word there.
It's the word "slice." And a slice of something is a small sliver of a piece, a
small piece of something.
Carolyn, what kinds of things might use slice?
Well, you might have a slice of meat on your slice of bread to make your
sandwich.
You might also have a slice of cheese in that sandwich.
And you can have something that's a little bit bigger.
Those are usually very thin slices.
But you could also have a slice of pie for dessert.
OK. All right.
There are different things that you could slice.
Usually the word "slice" is kind of smaller.
It implies cutting something into smaller pieces than just cut.
You can cut a piece of paper.
It's not a slice of paper.
But you can have a slice of pie, you can have a slice of cheese, a slice of
meat.
How else could you use that word, Nathanael?
Well, you could also slice a cake.
But I want to remind you that you can also slice the cake.
"Slice" can also be a verb in when you're coming something into pieces.
Slice the cake or a slice of cake. OK.
The next sentence now says:
His friends began to ask for similar snacks, and the name "sandwich" came into
common use.
So we have this phrase "came into," came into something.
How can we use this phrase, Carolyn?
Well, in the article we see that it came into common use, which means that
people started or began to use it a lot, commonly.
But you can also use it in many other ways.
You can say that something came into view.
As we went around the corner, the house came into view.
So we were able to see the house.
All right.
And you can also say something comes into existence or something comes into
being.
If something wasn't around before, but it comes into existence, now we see it.
Now it is here, we can use it.
You could also say something came into play.
It wasn't being used before, but now it is being used.
We're using it.
We're playing with it.
Now it's coming into play.
It has a role; something comes into play.
Or as we see in today's lesson, something comes into common use like the word
"sandwich." Well,
I can see and understand why sandwiches are for busy people.
If you don't have time to go to a restaurant and order a nice meal, you might
want to just get a sandwich.
OK. Those are a lot of good examples of this phrase.
Now the next sentence in this article says:
Granny Smith apples are named for Maria Ann Smith, a grandmother.
So we're moving on to a new example of a food named after a person.
Granny Smith apples.
OK. What does the next sentence say, Carolyn?
It says: Born into a farm family in 1799, Maria married Thomas Smith at 19.
So she was only 19 years old when she married Thomas Smith.
Now I think that Ken and Steve had a... have a little more information for us
over in the Information Cloud.
Hi, friends.
What kind of family were you born into?
If you live in the country, maybe you were born into a farm family.
Or if your parents like music, maybe you were born into a musical family.
Notice the preposition - it should be "into," not "in".
That's right, Ken.
The preposition "in" describes the location.
You were born in a hospital, in a house, or maybe even in a taxi.
Oh, I hope not.
Now "in" can also describe a condition.
Jonathan was born in poverty.
But if you want to describe the kind of family you were in when you came to this
world, then you should say born into.
Now Ken, there is an interesting expression that describes people who were born
into rich families.
I'm sure you're familiar with the expression.
Do you mean people who were born with a silver spoon in their mouth?
That's right.
Notice it's not a gold spoon but a silver spoon because traditionally, silver
spoons were given at birth to children in wealthy families.
(Chinese).
Thank you, Steve and Ken.
Again, you always give us some good information in the Info Cloud.
OK. The next sentence in the article says:
They were persuaded by the British government to move to Australia.
So we're talking, of course, about Maria Ann Smith and Thomas Smith.
They were persuaded to go to Australia.
"Persuaded," this is a word we're going to talk about today.
It's a Word Bank word, this word "persuaded." What exactly does this mean, Gabe?
Well, this means you talk someone into doing something or to agreeing with you
about something.
For instance, I could say the vendor persuaded me to buy a bag of apples for a
price.
I didn't want to buy them at first, but she persuaded me to buy these apples.
Carolyn, how could you use that word?
That's right.
Well, "persuade," you can also use to help someone make a good decision or a bad
decision.
Or if you think that they shouldn't do something, you can persuade them not to
do it.
So perhaps my mom persuaded me to not to go to the movies and instead stay home
and do my homework.
And we see that on their farm near Sydney, they grew apple trees.
Their special variety, or kind, of tart apple became known as a Granny Smith.
These are very well-known apples today.
And once again, it is time to see Michelle in the Language Lab.
(Chinese).
And let's hear what our teachers have to say.
Well, it seems fun to have a kind of food named after you.
So Gabe, do you know of any foods like this named after someone you know?
Well, yeah. Actually Steve from the Information Cloud has a fried rice named
after him.
Usually it's made just vegetarian, but he likes to add meat.
And when he tells them to make it with ham or bacon, then they call it Steve
fried rice.
So next time you see him, you can say: Hey, how's that Steve fried rice?
What are you, Carolyn?
Well, I think Steve fried rice sounds very interesting.
But I would probably keep it vegetarian with berries and other fruits and wrap
them all together and make kind of a sandwich but a little different.
And it would be The Carolyn.
Nice.
That sounds very good. OK.
So maybe you should have the Carolyn or Steve fried rice for dinner tonight.
And we'll see you next time on Studio Classroom.
Goodbye.