节目资讯
刊物:空中英语教室
日期:2013-03-23
难易度:High
关键字:fraud, unrepentant, cite, foolproof, document, revoke
(Music).
Hello, and welcome to Studio Classroom.
My name is Gabe.
I'm Carolyn.
And I'm Nathanael.
And we want to thank you for joining us here today.
We're talking about a very important issue today - Plagiarism.
And it's called here "a common crime." Well, crime, of course, is not good.
There are many different crimes around the world, many things that people do
wrong, things that are illegal.
Nathanael, what kinds of things come to your mind when you think of crime?
Well, one that I think is also very common is downloading because it's a kind of
theft if you're downloading like movies or music that you should be paying for.
All right.
So that's a crime because people aren't getting paid what they should if other
people are just getting their things for free.
Carolyn, what kinds of things do you think about when you think of crime?
Well, when I think of something that is a very common crime, I think of animal
abuse.
I care a lot about animals.
And a lot of people do not take care of their animals the way they should.
They abuse them.
And this is actually a crime in many places.
All right.
Well, there are lots of different kinds of crimes.
Some that readily come to mind are like murder or theft.
Those are easier to think of when you think of the word "crime." But today we're
going to talk about one that maybe doesn't occur naturally to you: Plagiarism.
Let's get started with the first reading of our lesson today.
(Music).
Plagiarism: A Common Crime.
Are you an idea thief?
An important assignment is returned face-down on your desk, and you turn it over
to see a big, red 0 on it!
You did so much research and spent so many nights burning the midnight oil on
this paper - how could this happen?
You plagiarized - that's what happened.
Plagiarism is presenting another source's material as your own, which students
often do, though it's considered to be both theft and fraud.
Obviously if you simply take an online article and call it your own, you are an
unrepentant plagiarist.
But you will be given the same label if you use just one quotation or concept
from another's work without giving credit to the original author.
People across the world have had degrees and positions revoked for such actions.
Wow! Plagiarism can have some pretty serious consequences.
Well, we see here just under the title, there's a question.
Are you an idea thief?
Are you an idea thief?
Do you steal other people's ideas?
We're going to learn a little bit more about this idea in the Information Cloud
with Steve and Ken.
And then we'll be right back.
Taking and using someone else's idea is as old as time.
Especially in the arts.
Whether it's a dancer, a film director, an artist or a rock guitarist, artists
first learn their craft by studying and copying the greats that went before
them.
So when you listen to a new pop song, you might hear something that's another
artist's influence.
This is acceptable and is to be expected.
However, there are times when a musician outright steals another artist's song -
and that is unacceptable.
It's musical plagiarism, and it happens one of two ways: either the artist
steals someone else's musical idea like a melody,
or the artist takes a portion of someone else's previously recorded song and
reuses it.
Right. And that's called sampling.
Sampling has been around for a long time.
And no one really cared about it until the 1980s when rap artists began to find
financial success with songs containing samples of other artists' songs.
As always, once money became involved, people started paying attention.
So in the U.S., anyway, unless an artist gives permission or is given credit and
royalties, the sampling musician can expect to be sued.
(Chinese).
Thank you, guys.
That gave me something good to think about.
Well, let's get started with our lesson.
The first sentence says:
An important assignment is returned face-down on your desk, and you turn it over
to see a big, red 0 on it.
All right.
So you did some homework, and you got your assignment returned to you face-down.
Nathanael, what does that mean, "face-down"?
Well, if something is face-down, it's like its face is pointing down.
So the side of your paper that has writing on it, that's the face - it is down
on your desk.
All right.
Your paper was face-down.
Another phrase that occurs to me is when someone falls face-down in the dirt or
face-down in the mud, not a very comfortable feeling.
Well, let's continue with this lesson about plagiarism.
You did so much research and spent so many nights burning the midnight oil on
this paper - how could this happen?
How could what happen?
How could you get a big, red 0 on your paper?
Let's take a look at a phrase from that sentence: burn the midnight oil.
Carolyn, please tell me what this means.
Well, I think that this phrase means that you stay up all night.
You burn the midnight oil.
Before we had electricity, people would stay up all night using an oil lamp,
which needed oil to burn.
So I think that's where this phrase comes from.
But it's actually one that I had never heard until I came to Asia.
Interesting. An English phrase you hadn't heard until you came here.
Nathanael, how might you use this phrase?
Well, I might say that in college, I spent many nights burning the midnight oil
because I had so much to get done.
That's right.
Maybe you burn the midnight oil researching for a project or something.
Well, Nathanael, how does the lesson continue?
You asked what happened.
What did you do?
Well, here's the answer in the next sentence.
You plagiarized - that's what happened.
Plagiarized. And in this next sentence we see another form of that word.
Plagiarism is presenting another source's material as your own, which students
often do, though it's considered to be both theft and fraud.
That's right.
It is considered theft and fraud.
Well, we see that plagiarism is defined here in this sentence as presenting
another source's material as your own.
So you're taking someone else's idea and saying it is your own.
Let's take a look at that phrase: to present something as your own.
It's not your idea, but you are saying: Hey, that's my idea.
It's my own.
How else could you use that phrase, Nathanael?
Sometimes if you're very good friends with another family, they might treat you
as their own,
as if you were a part of their family even though you are not related.
All right.
They treat you as part of their own family.
How might you use that phrase, Carolyn?
Well, this actually reminds me of another article we've done in the past on
Margaret E. Knight.
When she went to get her patent, she discovered that someone else had presented
her idea as his own because he tried to copy her device.
So he tried to present it as his own idea.
All right. And that was a kind of theft, an idea theft.
And here we're going to talk about the word "fraud" as well.
"Fraud" is from our Word Bank.
Fraud is when you do something in a kind of dishonest way.
It's not real, it's not authentic.
It's a fraud.
How might you use that word, Carolyn?
Well, a lot of times I hear this word used about credit cards - credit card
fraud.
Someone learned your credit card number and has all of your information, and
they use your number to buy things.
That is credit card fraud.
All right. Is there another way to use this word?
Well, this is already a noun.
But there's another form of this that's also a noun where you would put an
article in front and say: a fraud or the fraud.
Sometimes we say: Oh, that's a fraud.
And when we say that, "fraud" means a fake thing.
It's not real, maybe a "fraud" painting.
And you might also call a person "a fraud." Of course, you don't want to do
things that are dishonest.
You don't want to be a fraud.
Well, let's continue with our lesson.
Obviously if you simply take an online article and call it your own, or
presented as your own, you are an unrepentant plagiarist.
That's a harsh word, let's take a look at it from the Word Bank: unrepentant.
If you are unrepentant, that means you're not sorry about what you did.
How might you use that, Nathanael?
Well, I think when someone hurts another person, later, if not very quickly,
they will feel sorry.
But there are some who remain unrepentant and never feel sorry for what they've
done.
All right.
Do you ever use this word, Carolyn?
Well, a lot of times I hear this word when I'm in Bible study and we talking
about needing to repent for bad things that we do.
We should be repentant, not unrepentant.
That's right.
And if you do do something wrong, you should repent.
Don't the unrepentant.
But we see here:
But you will be given the same label if you use just one quotation or concept
from another's work without giving credit to the original author.
Well, right now it's time for us to learn something new with Liz in the Grammar
Gym.
Hi there, friends.
Thanks for joining me here at the Grammar Gym.
My name is Liz.
We've been talking about plagiarism in today's article.
And we see this statement: giving credit to the original author.
Our Grammar Tip focuses on the phrase: to give credit.
It means to acknowledge that somebody is responsible for something.
When you give credit to someone, you're telling others that this person has done
something significant and should be recognized for it.
For example:
Although the talented musician has won many awards, he always gives credit to
his teacher.
Or: Nobody likes to be on Harrison's team because he never gives credit to any
of his teammates.
So giving credit to someone is a good thing to do and is also the right thing to
do when you're giving a report and you want to borrow someone else's idea or
saying.
So, friends, that's it for today.
This is Liz from the Grammar Gym.
I'll see you next time.
Bye-bye.
Thank you, Liz.
Well, continuing on.
People across the world have had degrees and positions revoked for such actions,
revoked for plagiarizing.
All right.
When you get something revoked, you had it in your hands, it was yours, but then
it was taken away from you,
usually by authority like governments or institutions or something.
It was taken away from you.
Well, let's go now to see Michelle in the Language Lab.
Hi, everyone. I'm Michelle.