节目资讯
刊物:空中英语教室
日期:2012-05-05
难易度:Low
关键字:equip, rural, tractor, oppose, handmade, stilt
Welcome back from the break, everyone.
A quick note about the traditional Bugis boat called Phinishi.
When you have a moment, go to Google Images and take a look.
I think you'll agree Phinisi are more than a kind of transportation.
They really are beautiful works of art.
Learn more about the Phinishi in the sidebar on page 17.
OK. Let's finish up our lesson with the final reading over on page 18.
The Bugis People.
Bugis houses are built on stilts that can rise three or more meters above the
ground.
But during farming seasons, they often sleep in huts on the ground to be near
their fields.
Some use tractors to prepare their fields, while others use buffalo or oxen.
In the 20th century, the Bugis continued to oppose European control of their
home.
But instead of becoming pirates, some have joined the movement that achieved
Indonesian independence.
As a result, some Bugis now hold influential positions in the Indonesian
government.
Well, the Bugis people originally did spend a lot of time on boats.
But we saw that now they're very famous for being farmers as well for making
handmade goods, which means they need homes.
But their homes are very special.
That's right.
They don't still live on boats, but they do still live near the water.
The Bugis houses are built on stilts that can rise three or more meters above
the ground.
That's right.
Now a "stilt," if you think about it, is a long piece of wood that you can put
something on top of.
So usually there's multiple.
So if there's a house, you're going to have a lot of stilts all the same height
that keep the floor lifted above the ground.
Now Ryan, have you ever seen a house on stilts?
I have, actually.
In Hawaii, there are many houses that are built... very high above the ground.
And there's a reason that they do that.
Have you heard why?
Yes. But why don't you go ahead and tell us.
Oh, OK. Well, they are built high above the ground because they are near the
ocean,
and it protects the house from waves or flooding that can happen very often,
especially in places like Indonesia.
That's right.
It also helps with keeping wild animals out.
So their homes are built above the ground.
And I believe you can see pictures of that on page 18 in your Studio Classroom
magazine.
That's right.
Now during farming seasons, the Bugis people often sleep in huts on the ground
to be closer, or nearer, to their fields.
That's right. Now this makes sense.
If your house is lifted above meters above the ground, if there's something that
needs to happen during harvest,
or you need to get up very early or you go to bed very late, you don't want to
be climbing up and down and up and down.
So they sleep in huts, or small little homes right near their fields.
Yeah. A hut is usually a very small place where you mainly just sleep, not
always live in.
And sometimes they can be made out of cloth or out of uh, branches from trees,
things like that.
That's right.
So they would like to be near their fields, closer to their fields during
harvest season.
Well, some use tractors to prepare their fields, while others use buffalo or
oxen, which would be more traditional.
Yeah. A buffalo and oxen are large; they're similar in shape and size to a cow.
And they would use them to pull a piece of metal in a field in order to plant
plants there.
But just like we saw earlier, Kaylah, they... they're... they're using
traditional ships and they added motors.
Now instead they're not just using traditional things like cows and oxen,
they're using tractors.
That's right.
Now a "tractor" is a piece of farm equipment.
It has large wheels in the back, and usually smaller ones in the front.
And a tractor is used to pull some sort of machine through a field.
And that can be to... make the earth ready to plant or to be harvesting plants.
But the tractor is that large machine at the front that you can drive.
Right. So they're using tractors instead of these buffalo or oxen.
Now in the 20th century, the Bugis continued to oppose European control of their
home.
That's right.
So even though they weren't pirating and attacking ships as much anymore, they
still did not like it.
They opposed the European control.
That's right.
Now if you are "opposing" something, that means you disagree with something, and
you are often fighting against it.
That's right.
They did not like that the Dutch, the Europeans were in control of their home
country.
So instead of becoming pirates, some have joined a movement.
Oh, OK.
Now we're talking about a movement, which is referring to when a group of people
decide that they want change, they want to do something about it.
That's right.
So they have joined this movement that eventually achieved Indonesian
independence.
So now the Dutch do not control Indonesia.
Indonesia is its independent country.
Yeah. So this group of people, they decided what they wanted.
They got together, and they opposed the European control.
And they achieved, or gained, their own independence.
They are now in control of their own country.
Well, as a result of that, some Bugis now hold influential positions in the
Indonesian government.
So that's special.
They have worked very hard to get their independence, to get their freedom.
And now they can even hold government positions.
OK. Yeah. We've seen how they have influenced other cultures around the world.
Well, now they have influential positions in their own government.
That means now they have more control, or can affect more change, in their own
government.
That's right. When we say you hold a position, that means that is your job.
That is your position in the government.
Well, the Bugis people have fought for a long time for their independence.
And I'm glad they have achieved it as well as given us some great stories all
over the world.
Well, I hope you enjoyed learning about them.
Let's watch today's skit.
(Background Noise).
I am the bogeyman.
Yes. You are the nice and friendly bogeyman.
Why aren't you afraid like all the other kids?
Your people aren't scary now.
They're not pirates.
Pirates! Then what do the Bugis people do?
They sail and trade throughout Indonesia.
They sell tires, wood and cloth.
Well, at least they're still sailors.
Well, some are.
But most of your relatives are rice farmers now.
Rice farmers?
Yes. And sometimes they fish or sell handmade things for extra money.
What else do... do you know about my people?
Well, they live in houses built on stilts way above the ground.
Houses on stilts?
Yes. But sometimes they sleep in huts on the ground.
They want to be near their fields.
Do they still use buffalo and oxen to plow?
Yes. But some use tractors.
That's easier.
My people have changed.
They are no longer pirates and no longer scary.
Right. But they are still brave.
What do you mean?
Well, the Bugis opposed European control of their home.
As pirates?
No. They joined the movement and achieved Indonesian independence.
Hooray for the Bugis people!
Yes. Bugis now hold influential positions in the Indonesian government.
Goodbye, little friend. I've got to go.
Where are you going, bogeyman?
I'm going to "boogie" back to Indonesia.
Good. That's one less bogeyman.
Hi, everyone. I'm Michelle.
(Chinese).
And we're running out of time again.
Goodbye and take care.
Thank you, Michelle.
Because the Bugis people once had a reputation as cruel and merciless pirates,
many think their name is the basis for the modern English word bogeyman,
meaning an evil character with supernatural powers who carries away naughty
children.
Well, with their days of piracy over, many Bugis today live as farmers, while
others exert their influence in local and national politics.
I'm sure the Bugis ancestors would be proud of them.
Friends, I hope you have a fun and relaxing weekend.
Join us on Monday for another lesson.