节目资讯
刊物:空中英語教室
日期:2012-02-01
难易度:High
关键字:symptom, immune system, abstinence, AIDS, pneumonia, HIV, condom
Hello, friends. Welcome back.
Today we are talking about the serious topic of AIDS.
Before the break, we learned that AIDS is... comes from the virus HIV and
weakens your immune system.
Now we're talking about stopping the spread of AIDS.
It's important to know how this disease is spread so you do know how to stop it.
So join us on line 15 to find out just what you can do.
Stop the Spread of AIDS.
People with AIDS are in danger of having common colds turn into other
sicknesses.
By 1986, cases of AIDS had been reported in 85 different countries, making AIDS
a global concern.
How is HIV spread?
Experts tracked the virus and learned that HIV is spread through contact with
infected body fluids.
This usually happens either during unprotected sex or when drug users share
needles.
Infected mothers can also pass the virus to their children during pregnancy,
delivery or breastfeeding.
Abstinence, limiting sex to committed relationships, using condoms and only
using clean needles are ways to dramatically reduce one's risk of HIV infection.
So now that we know a little bit about what AIDS is, we should talk about the
dangers of it.
That's right, Kaylah.
When your immune system is weakened, then you are in danger of having a small
sickness turn into a big one.
For example, people with AIDS might have something as small as the common cold
turn into other sicknesses.
That's right.
Well, in 1986, cases of AIDS had been reported in 85 different countries, making
AIDS a global concern.
So we saw in 1981, Ryan, that the disease was found in the United States.
They found it in a couple of different men.
And by just a few years later, it is spread to 85 countries where it was
identified.
Yeah, making it a global concern.
And so the entire world now is concerned or worried about this spread of AIDS.
Now let's take a look at some more information.
Bill, AIDS is a disease that has claimed millions of lives.
Yes, Bryan.
It affects people all over the world, rich and poor.
And there have been some famous people that have died from AIDS.
So let's go over to the Information Station to find out who some of them were.
Bryan, the first famous athlete to die of AIDS was tennis great Arthur Ashe, who
passed away in 1993.
Arthur Ashe was the first African American to win the U.S. Tennis Open,
Wimbledon and the Australian Open.
Many students are familiar with...
We will, we will rock you.
We will, we will rock you.
And...
We are the champions, my friend.
And we'll keep on fighting till the end.
Well, both of those popular rock songs were performed by the group Queen.
Their lead singer, Freddie Mercury died of AIDS in 1991.
But their music lives on.
One of the most handsome Hollywood movie stars of all time was Rock Hudson, who
starred in nearly 70 films.
Unfortunately, Rock Hudson died of AIDS in 1995... make that 1985.
I think my favorite Rock Hudson film is Giant.
And well-known science fiction writer Isaac Asimov died in 1992 due to
complications from HIV.
Some of our viewers may be familiar with the movie "I, Robot," starring Will
Smith.
Well, that film was based on Isaac Asimov's book of the same name - I, Robot.
So we can see that AIDS affects people in all walks of life, even famous
celebrities.
If you have any reason to be worried about AIDS or HIV, have a blood test done.
Well, that's it for now.
We'll see you next time here at...
Information Station.
So friends, we do see that AIDS is all over the world and affects not only
everyday people but famous people as well.
Well, how does it affect them?
How is this virus spread?
All right.
Well, there are experts that had been tracking the virus of HIV, and they
learned that it's spread through contact with bodily fluids.
OK. So now let's take a look, Kaylah, at what bodily fluids are.
Well, body fluids refer to the liquid - a fluid is a liquid-type substance - and
"body" is your body.
So it's the liquids in your body.
For example, blood.
Yeah, blood or maybe spit.
But these are spread in a different way.
That's right.
Body fluids, these usually... this usually happens during a couple of different
ways.
This can happen during unprotected sex or when drug users share a needle.
Right.
So here if people are having unprotected sex, then they're spreading their body
fluids to each other; and they can share the disease with each other.
But if people share needles, that's another way to spread the disease.
Another way is infected mothers.
They can also pass the virus to their children during pregnancy, during
delivery, or even during breastfeeding.
So that... that's a... that's really sad to me, Ryan, that a mother who's
infected her poor child.
She... I'm sure the mothers would feel awful, but it is common that it is passed
from a mother to a child.
Right. Now friends, this can happen while the child is still in the mother's
womb during pregnancy.
It can also happen during delivery or when the baby is born; or during
breastfeeding.
That is when the baby is not getting milk from a bottle but is instead drinking
the milk from the mother.
Well, abstinence is a good way of limiting... of fighting against HIV.
And "abstinence" means limiting sex to only committed relationships - so only
having sex within marriage.
Right. And of course the word "abstinence" means to not do something; in this
case, to not have sex with someone.
Obviously, if the disease is spread by having sex, then just don't do it.
That's a great way to avoid it.
That's right.
And another way is using condoms, and only using clean needles are... are great
ways to dramatically reduce one's risk of getting the HIV infection.
So "condoms" here, we see that's a "More Information" word.
That is the protective rubber that a man wears during sex that can protect a
woman from getting pregnant.
But we also see here, it can protect you from HIV virus.
Right. But of course, remember, it can protect each other, but it doesn't always
protect.
So of course, still, abstinence is the best way to avoid getting this virus.
Now we saw the word unprotected sex earlier.
Now protected sex is when you do use a condom.
We saw another way was not sharing needles.
Now that's a great way.
Even if you're not using illegal drugs, we do need needles in daily life.
Exactly. But if people use a needle, make sure to only use clean needles.
And that will dramatically reduce your risk of getting HIV.
When we dramatically reduce something, that means it's gone down a lot and very
quickly.
Yeah. Now this is a very dangerous virus that can give you a very dangerous
disease.
So of course you want to do whatever you can to avoid it.
Now let's take a look at today's skit.
You look sad. What's wrong?
My friend was just diagnosed HIV positive.
Oh, I'm sorry to hear that.
That is sad.
The worst part is now I can't do anything with him.
What? Why?
Well, I don't want to get the virus and end up with AIDS.
You can't get HIV by just hanging out with your friend.
Really?
Of course not.
HIV is only spread through body fluids.
So as long as I don't share a drink with him, I'll be OK.
You can share a drink.
The HIV virus isn't passed through spit.
Well, that's cool.
Does that help you feel better?
Of course! My friend and I can do all the same things when we hang out.
Not really.
What? Why not?
His immune system is weaker now, so make sure you're not around him when you're
sick.
Well, what if I'm only a little sick?
No, because his immune system is weak, even your little sickness could really
affect him.
Oh, OK.
Well, how can I avoid getting HIV too?
The only way to be sure you won't get AIDS is to live a life of abstinence.
Well, I am an abstinent person.
But what if my wife has AIDS when we get married?
Just make sure you always use a condom.
It can help, but it isn't a guarantee.
How do you know so much about AIDS?
I'm an NAPWA supporter.
I help raise awareness of AIDS in my community.
Can I do that too?
With my friend's sick now, I would like to help any way I can.
Sure. I'll show you the website: www.NAPWA.org.
Wow! There's so much to learn here.
Excuse me, I have some reading to do.
You're welcome.
Hi, everyone. I'm Michelle.
(Chinese).
And I guess we have to say goodbye now.
Take care and I'll see you next time. Bye-bye.
Thanks, Michelle.
Well, there are many people who believe that there is now a cure for AIDS.
Friends, this is false.
Right. One reason people might think this is true is because they read about it
on the Internet, where there are many rumors,
actually in cyberspace, about drug companies and governments that have a cure
for AIDS but they're hiding it in order to make money.
Now while people debate this, we can say with certainty, there have been a lot
of medical advances; so there is reason for hope.
That's right.
There has been a lot of progress in the war against AIDS and we'll look into
that tomorrow.
In the meantime, everyone, I and everyone else here at Studio Classroom hope you
have a great day. Bye-bye.