节目资讯
刊物:空中英語教室
日期:2012-02-22
难易度:High
关键字:trauma, incapable, fervent, vulnerable
(Music).
Hello, friends.
Welcome to Studio Classroom Worldwide.
Thanks for joining us today.
My name is Steve.
And my name is Ryan.
You know, Ryan, this is a high-level lesson, and there are a lot of high-level
vocabulary words in this lesson.
So friends, please take some time to review what you've learned.
It's a very... I don't know, it's a very serious lesson as well, isn't it, Ryan?
That's right, Steve. And justice can be very hard on people.
But you know, people often say that all wounds are healed by time.
Well, wouldn't it be great if that were true?
Yes, it would, Ryan.
But the people at IJM understand that there's more to the healing process than
time.
So what else is there?
Well, some wounds are too deep to heal on their own.
Those who endure things such as sexual abuse often end up with traumatic
symptoms in their lives.
In reality, the abuser who committed the evil is the one to blame.
However, young victims often blame themselves instead.
These children really need help.
Yes. That's true.
Now friends, many of these children suffer from things like anxiety or
depression and emotional problems.
They can't just be left alone.
They need to be healed.
Hmm. So in 2009, IJM began their after-care program designed to accelerate the
healing process for these young victims.
Now let's see how this process is used to further rescue victims of injustice at
the top of page 44.
(Music).
International Justice Mission.
Many crimes, however, leave their victims with physical and emotional problems
that hinder their return to normal life.
Thus, another goal of IJM is helping those rescued to overcome the trauma they
experienced.
Injustice persists in many countries because local police and court systems are
corrupt or incapable of enforcing the laws.
In these cases, IJM works to reform and strengthen existing institutions so that
they can provide justice on a permanent basis.
To achieve these goals, IJM relies on the help of staff from different
backgrounds with different sets of skills.
Well, friends, we're back in our ORGANIZATIONS article looking at International
Justice Mission.
And we've seen how they have dealt with perpetrators or criminals before.
That's right.
So we're looking at how do you punish a criminal for the crimes that they have
committed.
Well, many crimes leave their victims with physical and emotional problems that
will hinder them from returning to normal life.
So we've seen the different stages that the International Justice Mission uses.
Now Ryan, can we talk about those, review them?
OK. First, IJM makes sure they take the victim out of the problem they are in.
Get them out of the immediate danger.
Then what do they do?
Then they make sure that the criminal is charged with the problem,
that they are punished for what they have done to keep them behind bars in jail
so no one... is... like them will do it again,
so they can't do it again and to reassure the victims they are safe.
Now here's the next step.
Exactly. So now we see there's still a problem.
Many of these victims can suffer from some stress and emotional issues.
And that can keep them from returning to normal life.
Thus, another goal, so the next step for IJM is helping those rescued - so those
victims that are pulled out - to overcome trauma they experienced.
OK. "Trauma" is referring to shock or pain.
It's something that you deal with after going through a difficult time.
And that could hinder people.
Now "trauma" specifically refers to shock and pain from an extreme situation.
So if you are in a very awful car accident, that would be trauma you could
experience afterwards.
But if you just trip down the stairs and fell, that would not be considered
trauma.
That would just be embarrassment and maybe a little bit of pain.
But trauma is a big-scale thing.
And actually, Ryan, these victims that International Justice Mission is helping
really do experience great amount of trauma.
Yeah, they do. And that's really sad.
That can hinder people from having a normal life.
Now the word "hinder" here is referring to keeping them or stopping them from
enjoying a normal life.
That's right.
We want to help them get through this so they can move on to be normal and have
a wonderful life like the rest of us that are free, that we can have.
Yeah. And I think this is a great idea for IJM to do:
Not only get the victims out of their immediate problems but also make sure they
are taking care of to return to normal life.
But injustice persists in many countries because local police and court systems
are corrupt or incapable of enforcing the laws.
So although we're doing all this work, there're still some countries that suffer
because of the legal systems.
Right. OK. Now let's take a look at this sentence, Kaylah.
First, the word "persist." What does that mean?
Persist, that means it continues to happen.
Right. And so here injustice is persisting because the local law enforcement or
the police officers could be corrupt.
Now what does that mean?
"Corrupt" means they are not following the rules.
They're doing the wrong things.
They are bad.
Maybe they do it for money, but they're not following the laws.
That's right. And they can also be incapable of enforcing those laws.
The word "incapable" means they are not able to do it.
They're not able to enforce those laws.
Well, in these cases, IJM works to reform and strengthen existing institutions
so they can provide justice on a permanent basis.
Now I think this is one of best parts of IJM, Ryan, is that they don't just
leave.
Right. They see these police officers, they are either corrupt or they're not
able to actually enforce or make sure that the laws are being followed.
And so now they actually stay there, like you said.
They make sure that they are able to help these local law enforcement officers.
That's right. They help strengthen.
So if they're incapable of doing something, IJM will help strengthen, build up,
encourage, train, prepare local law enforcement to take care of the problem.
Yeah. And they reform it too, which means to basically start over, make it more
organized and make it work.
Make sure they can do their jobs.
That it's permanent.
These victims don't have to worry about it anymore.
"Permanent" means it will not change, it will stay this way.
So they can bring justice and relief for... on a permanent basis, meaning
forever.
Right. Now Kaylah, this sounds like it could be difficult to do.
There is a lot of work to do here.
And so to achieve these goals, IJM relies on the help of staff from different
backgrounds with different sets of skills.
This is wonderful.
They're not just focusing on one area.
And because they're not on one area, they need people with all different
backgrounds.
So they all... all know different things, they've experienced different things,
so it brings them together with different skills.
Yeah. Now the staff they're talking about here is their IJM staff.
And they want to make sure that they have different experience, but they have
different backgrounds and skills.
Of course, it was started by a lawyer, which would be important, Kaylah, for
making sure criminals are punished.
Well, they would probably be using their field offices and local employees
around the world to help set this all up.
We're going to continue talking about them and their field officers, but the
Chat Room has some very interesting information.
Hey, Ken.
Hey, Bryan. What's up?
Not much.
Hey, did you hear anything more about that killer who's been on the loose?
Yeah. Haven't you heard?
No. Tell me what happened.
Well, the police caught the killer.
He was hiding in an old factory building.
Well, I'm glad that must be over now.
Not exactly. The police were taking the guy to the police station when he became
violent and attacked several staffs.
It took the police another 20 minutes to gain control of him.
Wow! It's hard to believe that several staff were unable to control one man.
Yeah. That guy is really strong.
Hey, Ken, you just said "several staffs." But I would probably say several
"staff" without the S.
But several implies it's plural.
So shouldn't it be "staffs," plural?
Good question.
Actually, I was using "staff" as plural, but I didn't add a S.
Wait, I'm a little confused.
Is that the most common way to use "staff"?
Not really.
Most of the time "staff" acts as a collective noun referring to an entire group
of people, and it takes a singular verb as in: The staff is in a meeting.
But "staff" can also be plural referring to the members of a group.
So we don't need to add an S in either case, right?
That's right.
So when I said "several staff," I was implying several staff members.
I see.
What about when someone joins a new company?
Can we say that person is joining the staff?
Sure. You might also hear someone say that they have been on staff for many
years.
"On staff" is another way to say they've been working as a member of the staff.
Well, thanks for the tip, Bryan.
I'm sure glad that you're on staff here at the library.