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1.我微笑。 2. 牙套伤了我的牙。 3. 牙套给我带来了很多麻烦。 4. 她快把我逼疯了。 5. 我觉得尴尬。 6. 两天前我看见一个生病的女士。 . I smile. The braces hurt my teeth. The braces have brought me so much trouble. She is driving me mad. I feel embarrassed. I saw a sick lady two days ago. 汉译英。 1. I smile. 2. The braces hurt my teeth. 3. The braces have brought me so much trouble. 4. She is driving me mad. 5. I feel embarrassed. 6. I saw a sick lady two days ago. S S S S S S V V V V V V O IO O O DO C C A 句子成分 谓语主语 宾语 补语 表语定语 状语 主要成分 次要成分 Subject 主语 1.English is important to us. 2.This is Ling Ming speaking. 3.The rich are not always happy. 4.Hundreds were present at the meeting. 5.Smoking is harmful to the health. 6.To see is to believe. 7.What he said is true. 8.It’s our duty to do so. 主语：句子要说明的人或物，是句 子的主体，一般放在句首。 能在句子中充当主语的有 名词 代词 the+形容词 数词 动名词 动词不定 式从句 It作形式主 语 1.My sister is in her room. ______ is a teacher. (she) 2.______must look after your younger brother. (you) 3. _______________ is my favourite sport. (swim) She You Swimming Verb 谓语 1. He practices running every morning. 2. You may keep the book for two weeks. 3. He has caught a bad cold. 4. We are students. 谓语：对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行 为或状态，常用动词或动词词组充当， 放在主语的后面。 谓 语 的 构 成 实义动词 情态动词 + 动词原 形 助动词 + 动词的适当 形式系动词 3. Computer, a wonderful machine, _______ (be) very important in his work. keeps is being repaired 1. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads ______ (keep) rising these days. 2. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _______________ (repair) at the garage. is Object 宾语 1.They play tennis after school. 2.She helps me with English. 3.We should respect the old. 4.We enjoy dancing in the party. 5.All of us know we must study hard. 6.We should learn from her. 宾语：动作的对象或承受者，常位 于及物动词和介词后。 动词 宾语 + 介词 +宾 语能在句子中充当宾语的有 名词 代词 代 the+形容词 动名 词 从句 Complement 补 语 I feel embarrassed. 主语补足 语 She is driving me mad. 宾语补足 语 用来描述主语 位于宾语后，用来补 充宾语的意义 宾语补足语object complement 某些及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补 宾语补足语的一般句型为： We found everything in the lab in good order. Let the fresh air in.His blame made Mary cry. 宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不 定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当 。 Adverbial 状语 1.Unfortunately, I missed the train. 2.He is in the room making a model plane. 3.Factories and buildings are seen here and there. 状语：用来修饰动词、形容词或整 个句子，表示行为发生的时间、地 点、目的、原因、方式、程度等， 可位于句首、句中、句末。 状语类型 例句 时间状语 I learned a lot from the peasants when I lived in the countryside． 地点状语 Mr. Smith lives on the third floor. 目的状语 They set out early so that they might arrive on time． 原因状语 Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain. 条件状语 If you work hard at English, you will do well in English． 状语类型 例句 方式状语 She put the eggs into the basket with great care. 伴随状语 She came in with a dictionary in her hand. 结果状语 He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 让步状语 He went to school yesterday though he was ill． 比较状语 Lesson Two is not so difficult as Lesson One． • They were sitting quite happily on the floor. • She spoke very well at the conference last night. 如果同时出现多个状语，则一般按照 方式状语、地点状语、时间状语的顺 序排列。 注意 Read the sentences and underline the two adverbials in each sentence. 1. Prince Charles opened a new sports centre in Stoke yesterday. 2. He also spoke with several young people. 3. The sports centre was first planned in 1994. 4. Naturally, the local council could not finance the project without help. 5. Luckily, they managed to get money from the National Lottery.  We’re having a great time. (O)  The weather is fine. (S)  We really enjoy camping. (V)  It’s great fun. (C)  We saw many sheep on the farm. (A)  We like this place. (O)  Let’s make the world more beautiful. (C) Think and tell which sentence element the underlined part is. 3 Direct object and indirect object The man bought the woman (IO) a ring (DO). → The man bought a ring for the woman. The mother gave her daughter (IO) a birthday present (DO). → The mother gave a birthday present to her daughter. The braces have brought me so much trouble.S V IO DO The braces have brought so much trouble to me. S V IODO 有些及物动词可以接两个宾语，即 指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语 ，当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时 ，需要借助介词 to或 for。 下列动词后用 to： bring， feed， give， hand， lend， offer， p ass， pay， post， sell， send， show， take ， teach， tell，write。 下列动词后用 for： book， buy， choose， cook， fetch， leave ，make， order， pick， reserve， save。 1.Give these papers __________ my secretary. 2. Could you make some coffee __________ me? 3. Book a flight __________ me, will you? 4. Can you post this cheque __________ the hotel? 5.Don’t show these plans __________ anyone. 6. Leave a message __________ my secretary. 7. Fetch the file __________ me, will you? 8.Write a memo __________ all the managers. Fill in the correct prepositions. to for for to to for for to Look at the pictures below. Complete the sentences with the words in brackets. Add other words if necessary. 4 Grammar exercise visits his best friends every weekend Alex showed Tom some new books in his flat made them worried Alex and Tom went out for an hour returned later that afternoon felt very bad